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课时分层作业(十)SectionⅠ(建议用时：30分钟)[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解ANewspapersarenotnearlyaspopulartodayastheywereinthepast.Therearenotverymanypeoplewhoseriou

slyreadanewspapereveryday.Mostpeopleonlyreadthesportspages，theadviceorthegossipcolumns，thecomics，andper

hapstheclassifiedadvertisements.Mostpeopledon'ttaketimetoreadrealnews.Theyattempttocatchthereader'sinterestwit

hpicturesandexcitingheadlines.Thesetechniquesareusedonthefrontpagebecauseitisthefirstthingyouseewhenyoupickupthepaper

.Thefirstpageattractsattentionandencouragesthereadertolookthroughtherestofthepaper.Thisiswhyeditorsalwayslookforagoodfirstpagestoryandaheadlineto

makethemstopandlook.Iftheheadlineishorribleenoughorfrighteningenoughorwildenough，perhapstheywillgoontoreadt

hefrontpage.However，theymayreadtheheadlines，butthatisall，thentheyturntothesportspage，orcomics，oradvertisements.Itseemsthatpeopledonotw

antthenewsfromanewspaperanymore.Theysaytheygetthenewsontelevisionnow.Morepeoplewatchtelevisionnewsbecauseitiseasierandmoreinterestingthanread

inganewspaper.Whataboutyou？Doyoureadnewsfromanewspaper？Doyouthinkitiseasiertogetnewsfromtelevision？Ordoyoucareaboutnewsa

tall？Wouldyoumindiftherewerenonews?【语篇解读】现如今网络的发展对纸质报纸的冲击很大。本文作者呼吁大家更多地关注报纸。1．Accordingtothepassage，newspapersare.A．more

populartodayB．lesspopulartodayC．aspopularasbeforeD．gettingmoreandmorepopularB[细节理解题。本题的关键是理解文章的第一句话，由此可知报纸的地位已不如从前。]2．Accordingtotheauthor，which

ofthefollowingnewspaperswillmostprobablyattractthereader'sattention?A．Theoneswithinterestingpicturesandexcitingheadlinesonthefrontpage.B

．Theoneswithsportsnewsonthefrontpage.C．Theoneswithclassifiedadsonthefrontpage.D．Theoneswithgossipcol

umnsonthefrontpage.A[推理判断题。新闻往往用一些图片和令人感兴趣的标题来吸引读者注意。]3．Accordingtothepassage，mostpeoplereadallofthefollowingEXCEPT.A．thesp

ortspageB．comicsC．advertisementsD．realnewsD[细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可以找到答案。]4．Theauthor'sattitudetowardnewspapersis.A．sympathet

icB．criticalC．negativeD．undeterminedA[态度意图题。根据文章的第一句话可知，作者对报纸今非昔比的状况有点感慨，作者认为报纸应该受到人们更多的关注。]BUSscientistssaytheyhavepouredcoldwateronthetheorythatwa

shinghandswithhotwaterkillsmoregermsthanunheatedwater.Thesmallstudyof20peoplefoundusingwaterat15℃(59F)lefthandsascleanaswa

terheatedto38℃(100F)．NationalHealthService(NHS)recommendsthatpeoplewashtheirhandsineithercoldorwarmwater.Inthisstud

y，scientistsatRutgersUniversity—NewBrunswickwantedtofindoutifpopularassumptionsaboutthebenefitsofwarmorhotwaterandofficialguidanceonhotwater－

giventothefoodindustryintheUS－heldtrue.Theyasked20peopletowashtheirhands20timeseachwithwaterthatwas15℃(59F)，26℃(

79F)or38degrees(100F)．Volunteerswerealsoaskedtoexperimentwithvaryingamountsofsoap.Beforetheystartedthetests，theirhan

dswerecoveredinharmlessbugs.Researcherssaytherewasnodifferenceintheamountofbugsremovedasthetemperatureofthewaterortheamountofsoapchanged.ProfDona

ldSchaffnersaid:“Peopleneedtofeelcomfortablewhentheyarewashingtheirhandsbutasfaraseffectivenessgoes，thisstudyshows

usthatthetemperatureofthewateruseddidnotmatter.”However，theresearchersaccepttheirstudyissmallandsaymoreextensiveworkisnee

dedtodeterminethebestwaytoremoveharmfulbacteria.IntheUK，NHSexpertssaypeoplecanusecoldorhotwatertowashtheirhands.Theysayhandsshouldbewashedforatle

ast20secondsandstresstheimportanceofusingenoughsoaptocoverthewholesurfaceofthehands.Theirguidancefocusesonrub

binghandstogetherinvariouswaystomakesureeachsurfaceofeachhandisclean.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。用热水洗手比用冷水洗手杀死的细菌更多吗？美国科学家对此进行了实验论证，得出

的结论是用热水或用冷水洗手或肥皂量的多少，去除的细菌数量没有差别。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pouredcoldwater”inParagraph1probablymean?A．

Proved.B．Created.C．Contradicted.D．Accepted.C[词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，美国科学家针对理论“用热水洗手比用未加热的水洗手杀死更多的细菌”进行了实验验证。在第二段最后一句“Researcherssaytherewasnodiffere

nceintheamountofbugsremovedasthetemperatureofthewaterortheamountofsoapchanged.”随着水温或肥皂量的变化，去除的细菌数量没有差异。由此可知这是对上述理论的反驳，故可推断出“pouredcoldw

ater”意为“泼冷水”。即为“反驳”之意，故选C项。]6．Aftertheywashedtheirhandswitheitherhotorcoldwater，.A．volunteersnearlyhadthesameamountofgermsremove

dB．volunteersalltalkedaboutAmericanfoodindustryC．volunteersstillhadalotofgermsontheirhandsD．volunteersalldidn'tfeelverycomfortableA[细

节理解题。根据第二段中的内容可知，研究者让20人用不同水温的水洗手，志愿者还被要求用不同量的肥皂进行实验。在他们开始测试之前，他们的手上覆盖着无害虫子。研究人员表示，随着水温或肥皂量的变化，去除的臭虫数量没有差别。由此可知，用热水或冷水洗手的志愿者手上的去除的细菌一样多。]7．Howdoresea

rchersfeelabouttheirstudy?A．Itispopular.B．Itisincomplete.C．Itisconvincing.D．Itisabstract.B[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“theresearchersac

cepttheirstudyissmallandsaymoreextensiveworkisneededtodeterminethebestwaytoremoveharmfulbacteria”研究人员承认他们的研究规模很小，并且说需要更广泛的工作来确

定去除有害细菌的最佳方法。由此可推断出这个研究是不完整的(incomplete)，故选B项。]8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．UsingColdWaterInsteadofHotWaterB．HowtoUse

ColdWatertoWashHandsC．ItIsBettertoWashHandsinColdWaterD．WashingHandsinColdWaterasGoodasinHotWaterD[标题归纳题。在文章的第一段提出了用热水洗手去除的

细菌比冷水洗手去除的多提出了质疑，并且进行了实验。最后得出了结论是两者是没有什么区别的。因此D项为最佳标题。]【解题策略】如何寻找主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那

么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。如第8小题，在文章的第一段提出了用热水洗手去除的细菌比冷水洗手去除的多提出的质疑，并且进行了实验。最后得出的结论是两者是没有什么区别的。因此D项为最佳标题。Ⅱ.阅读七选五ToLiveTrulyinTod

ayHerearesomesuggestionsonhowweshouldtrulyliveintoday.1Ifwe'reoutinthetown，thentheshopsandotherpeoplewillsurroundus.Ifwe'reinourkitchen，thenourkit

chenappliancesandthesunlightcominginthroughourwindowwillsurroundus.Listentothoseyoumeet.Whenwe'rewithotherpeopleandthey'retalk

ing，howoftendowelisten？2Wemaybenodding，butourmindsmaybethinkingoffinancialworries，orwemaybewaitingfortheoth

erpersontofinishtheirsentencesothatwecanjumpstraightinwithwhatwehavetosay.Noneofthisistrue“listening”．Inordertotrulylistentosomeone，wemustbeinth

epresent.3Hangoneveryword，andgivethemthefreedomtosaywhattheywishwithoutjudgment.Bytrulylistening，youremaininthepresen

twitheachpassingword.4Eachday，wehaveanumberofthingsthatweneedtodo，orthatwe'dliketodo，orsimplythatwecoulddo.Focusonon

eday'sworkatatime，ratherthananumberofdaysatonce.Findallthatneedstobedoneonthatday，andnothingelse.Ifsomethingcanbeputoff，thendosoandreplaceitwi

thsomethingelsethatismoreurgent.5Focusonthat，andnothingelse.A．Focusonwhathastobedonetoday.B．Tobeawareofthepastandthefuture.C．Wemaye

venfindwaystoavoiditaltogether.D．Unfortunately，wedon'tseemtolistenthatmuchatall.E．Onceyouknowwhatworkisthemosturg

ent，thendoit.F．Wemustreallyhearwhattheyhavetosayandnotbedistractedbyourworries.G．Nomatterwherewefindourselves，weare

alwayssurroundedbyourimmediateenvironment.【语篇解读】本文是一篇关于我们应该如何真正生活在今天的建议。1．G[根据后句“Ifwe'reoutinthetown，thentheshopsandotherpeoplewillsurroundus.Ifwe'r

einourkitchen，thenourkitchenappliancesandthesunlightcominginthroughourwindowwillsurroundus.”可知，无论我们在哪里找到自己，我们总是被周围的

环境包围。]2．D[根据前句“Whenwe'rewithotherpeopleandthey'retalking，howoftendowelisten？”可知，这里是对问句的回答。D项切题。]3．F[根据前句“Inordertotrulyl

istentosomeone，wemustbeinthepresent.”和后句“Hangoneveryword，andgivethemthefreedomtosaywhattheywishwithoutjudgment.”可知，我们必须真正听取他们的意见，不要被我

们的忧虑分散。]4．A[这里为本段的中心句。结合上一段中心句可知，这里应该是一个动词原形开头的祈使句，再结合本段内容，可知选A。]5．E[根据前句“Ifsomethingcanbeputoff，thendosoandrepla

ceitwithsomethingelsethatismoreurgent.”可知，E项“一旦你知道什么是最紧急的工作，那么就去做”切题。]【解题策略】文章结构，助力解题。七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的

关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。例如小题4要求选择本段的中心句，结合其上一段的中心句Listentothoseyoumeet.可知，是

一个动词原形开头的祈使句，再结合其段落的内容就不难选出正确的答案。Ⅲ.语法填空Manypeopleagreethatgoingtoamuseumisagoodwayoflearningaboutancienttreasur

es.However，othersmayfind1.________boringtospendhoursthere.Therefore，howtomakemuseumsandtheirlifeless2.________(collec

t)moreappealingisatoughquestionworth3.________(attach)importanceto.Luckily，NationalTreasure，aTVprogramwhichbegantoaironDec.3,2017，shedslightonwayst

oinspireinterestinmuseumsandtheircollections.Aimingtomakeancientrelics(遗迹)tocome4.________(live)，theprogram5.________(

present)treasuresthroughdifferentartisticmethodsincludingdramaticperformancesandstory-telling，6.________fullyexplainthehistorybehindeac

hculturalrelic，sothataudiencescannotonlyunderstandhowtoappreciatethebeautyofculturalrelics，7.________alsoknowthecivilizationandthespiritofChin

eseculture.Infact，suchprogramsthatpromotetraditionalancientrelics8.________(become)popularinrecentyears.Fo

rexample，a2016documentaryfeaturingtheForbiddenCity'sculturalrelicsandtheirrestorers，calledonlotsofcollegestudents9.________(apply)toworkasv

olunteersthere.Itis10.________(universal)acceptedthatNationalTreasurehasbeensuccessfulinencouragingmorepeo

pletovisitmuseumsbytouchingtheirhearts.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了了解古代文物不仅仅可以通过去博物馆，还可以利用综艺节目这一新的形式来了解古代文物，而且这一种方式通过各种各样的形式来吸引观众的注意力，很受欢迎。1．it[考查代

词。句意：有人认为在博物馆待上几个小时很枯燥。分析句子，本句结构为findit＋adj.＋todo，it作形式宾语，todo作真正的宾语，故填it。]2．collections[考查名词。句意：因此，怎样让博物馆和枯燥的文物收集变得有趣，这是一个值得重视的难题。

根据句意可知，这里用名词。]3．attaching[考查非谓语动词。beworthdoing为固定短语，“值得做”，后面接动名词，故填attaching。]4．alive[考查形容词。comealive为固定短语，“栩栩如生，生动起来”。]5．presents[考查动词。句意：目的是让冷冰冰的文物

活过来，节目利用各种各样的艺术手段，包括表演和故事讲述，呈现各种文物，这种方式也诠释了每件文物背后的历史。主语为theprogram，谓语用第三人称单数。]6．which[考查定语从句。fullyexplaint

hehistorybehindeachculturalrelic作定语从句修饰前面整个句子，而关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。]7．but[考查连词。notonly...butalso为固定短语，“不但……而且……”，表示递进关系。]8．havebecome[考查动词的时态。根据时间状语r

ecentyears可知，用现在完成时。]9．toapply[考查非谓语动词。callonsb.todosth.固定短语，“号召某人做某事”。]10．universally[考查副词。分析句子，universal修饰accepted作状语，故

用副词形式。]