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【文档说明】Unit 1 Cultural Heritage易错综合练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx，共(24)页，105.053 KB，由envi的店铺上传
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Unit1CulturalHeritage单元综合检测（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50
分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATravelingtoChinaisthedreamofmanypeoplebutitisimportanttobeawarethattheChineseculturei
sdifferentfromWesterncultures.SobeforearrivinginChina,makesurethatyouunderstandtheChinesetraditions.TheeldestcomesfirstInChina,itisabigd
ealtorespecttheeldestoneinthefamily.TheChinesehaveagreatrespectfortheirparentsandgrandparents.Soifyouareintroducedtosomeoneinaplacefullofpeople,alw
aysaddresstheoldestpersonfirst,anddothesamewhenyouareleaving.ThehostpaysthebillIfyouareinvitedtoarestaurantbyyourC
hinesefriends,bepreparedtoeatanddrinkforfree.Andifyouinvitethem,alsobereadytopayallthebillonyourown.Anditisnotpoliteifyoudon’toffertopayitinfull
ifyouarethehost.BeawareofthechopsticksrulesBelieveitornot,thereareseveraltraditionsandrulesinvolvingchopst
icksinChina.Soneverstickthemstraightuptoyourrice,neverdrum(敲打)them,orhavetheminyourhandswhilemakingagesture.Checkifyourgiftisn’
tonthebad-lucklistIfyouareofferingagifttoaChinesefriend,beawarethattherearemanyitemsconsideredtobringbadlucktothem,suchascl
ocks,umbrellas,scissorsandknives.Presentsshouldbegivenwithbothhandsandneverbewrappedinwhite.1．Whoisthemostrespectedin
sociallifeinChina?A．Amillionaire.B．Aseniorcitizen.C．Awiseman.D．Apowerfulleader.2．WhichofthefollowingisconsideredpoliteinC
hina?A．Makingagesturebyusingchopsticks.B．Openingthegiftassoonasyoureceiveit.C．Offeringtopaythemealinf
ullifyouarethehost.D．Payingforthebillwhenyouareinvitedtoadinner.3．Whoarethepotentialtargetreadersofthetext?A．Restaurantstaff
.B．Theassistantsinthegiftstores.C．Thehostsofaparty.D．ExchangestudentstoChina.BIhadjustarrivedinthisAsiancountryforaone-yeart
eachingposition.Oneday,Itookasubwaytovisitsomeancientpalacesandtemplesinthedowntown.Whathappenedtomenextonthesubwayhastaughtmemuchaboutculturedif
ference.Sincealltheseatsweretaken,Istood.Suddenly,Ifeltsomeonepullingonmybag.AssumingIprobablywasinsomeone’sway,Imovedoverslightly.B
utinonequickmotion,Ifeltmybagremovedfrommyback,andinaflash,itwasgone.Iturnedaroundtoseewhothethiefwas.Ilookedatthepeoplestandingbehindme,b
utdidn’tseemybagoranyonesuspicious.MyheartbegantobeatwildlyandIbegantopanic.Ilookedaround,onlytofind
directlyacrossfrommewasanelderlylady,andsittingonherlapwasmybag.Itriedtogetitbackfromherlap.ButasIbegantopullitup,shequick
lytookitbackandheldontoit.Ilookedaroundatthepeoplestandingbesideme,andthosesittingbesideher,butnoonetookanynoticeofthesituation.Tryingnott
ocauseascene,Itriedtonegotiatethroughgestures.IusedmyhandsasmuchasIcould,butsheignoredmyrequestsformybagandpointedtomyback.Shepick
edupmybag,showinghowheavyitwas.Ifinallybegantounderstand.Shewasholdingmybagtohelpme.Atthenextstop,amiddle-agedwomangotonthecrowdedsubway.Anot
herelderlywomansittingdowntookherbag,settingitonherlap.Theydidn’ttalk;yetthisolderwomanwasmorethanpleasedtositwiththisstranger’sbagonherlap
throughoutherjourney.AsthesubwaypulledintothemaindowntownstationandIwasgettingreadytogetoff,thewomangentlyhandedmebackmybag.B
utbeforeIhadachancetothankher,shehaddisappearedintothecrowd.4．Whathappenedafterthewritergotonthesubway?A．Thewriter’sbagwasstolenbyanelderlyl
ady.B．Thewriterstoodinsomeone’sway.C．Anoldladyaskedthewritertositbesideher.D．Astrangerofferedhelptothewriter.5．
Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmean?A．Feelfrightened.B．Feelgrateful.C．Feelrelaxed.D．Feelashamed.6．Whatcanweinferfromthewriter’se
xperience?A．Themiddle-agedwomanandtheelderlywomanweregoodfriends.B．Thepassengersonthesubwaywereveryunfriendly.C．H
elpingstandingpassengerswithheavybagswascommononlocalsubways.D．Thereweremanythievesonthesubway.7．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage
?A．Towarnusofthepotentialrisksintravellingabroad.B．Totellusaculturedifference.C．Torecommendatraveldestinatio
n.D．Togiveussometipsontakingasubway.CMadagascar,anislandnationoffthesoutheasterncoastofAfrica,ishometos
omeofthemostunusualanimalsintheworld.Butmanyofthesespeciesmaybeindanger.Bushesandlowlyingplantshavestartedtotakeuptoomuchspaceonthe
forestfloor,providingfuelforwildfires.Soscientistsareconsideringusinggianttortoisestohelppreventtheforestfiresandtherebyhelpthen
ativewildlifeinMadagascar.Why?Longago,gianttortoiseslivedalloverMadagascar.Theyateupmanyplantsthatgrewontheforestfloor.Theyalsospreadtheseedsofna
tivetrees—keepingtheecosystemincheck.Butwhenhumanssettledontheislandover2,000yearsago,huntingcausedthegianttortoisesnativetothe
islandtobecomeextinct.Now,scientistsplantoship300closerelativesoftheextinctMadagascarantortoisestotheisland.Theyhopethatthesetortoiseswil
lspreadtheseedsofnativeplantsandchowdownontheextrabushes—justliketheirrelativesdidlongago.Tofindtherelatives,scient
istsstudiedthefossilsofMadagascar'sextinctgianttortoises.Theydiscoveredthattheywereactuallyverysimilartoanothergroupofgianttortoises
thatliveontheAldabraAtoll,agroupofislandsintheIndianOcean.WhenthetortoisesfirstarriveinMadagascar,theywi
llliveinanareaclosedofffromtherestofthewildlife.There,researcherswillwatchthetortoises'everymovetoseehowtheywillreacttothenativeplants
.Ifallgoeswell,thetortoiseswillbereleasedintothewild.Similarpracticehasbeensuccessfulinotherplaces.Takethe
islandofRodrigues,locatedeastofMadagascar,forexample.Sevenyearsago,tortoiseswerebroughtthere.Nowthey
arespreadingseedsandkeepingthebushesfromtakingover.IfthesamethingworksinMadagascar,thegianttortoisesmaybeusedtohelpoutotherforestsaroun
dtheworld.8．Theunderlinedphrase“chowdownon”istheclosestinmeaningto“________”.A．walkaroundB．eatupC．gothroughD．livewith9．Howwillresearchersdeal
withthetortoisestobeintroducedtoMadagascar?A．Theywilldoanexperimentwiththem.B．Theywillalwayskeepthemoffthewildlife.C．Theywillmakethemadap
ttonativeplantsgradually.D．TheywillcomparethemwiththeextincttortoisesinMadagascar.10．BymentioningtheislandofRodrigues,theauthortriestoshow______
__.A．theimportanceoftheforestsB．tortoisesarewidelyspreadallovertheworldC．itusedtohavethesameproblemas
MadagascarD．thegianttortoisescanbringhopetoMadagascar11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Tortoisescometotherescue!B．Madagascar'snativetortoisesbrou
ghttolife!C．TroublescausedbytoomanybushesD．TherelationshipbetweentortoisesandforestsDThePolishtakegreatprideintheirculture.Ourcultur
ehasmanydifferentcustomsandtraditions.Iwilldiscussthreeofthesetraditionsandcustoms.ThePolishwillsay“Dziekuje”(“thankyou”)only
afterreceivingtheirchange.WhatImeanbythisisthatwhenyouareinPoland，youshouldwaittosay“thankyou”untilafteryouhavebeengivenyourchangeback.Ifyoudo
not，youaretellingcashiers(收银员)thattheycan“keepthechange”.Often，peoplevisitingPolandwillfeelthatthingsareveryexpen
sive，untiltheylearnthattheyaregivingthestoreclerkpermissiontokeepthemoneythatwouldhavebeengivenback.Polishpeoplebreak“bread”withthe
irfamiliesduringtheirChristmasEvemeal.TheChristmasEvecelebrationstartswiththebreakingoftheOplatek，whichisathinpieceof“bread”．Inmyfamily，thee
ldestinthefamily(mygrandfather)takesthebigOplatekandbreaksitintolargepiecesthathethenhandsdowntoeachofhisfourchildren(myaunt，uncles，andfather)．
Then，thesefamilymembersbreaktheirpiecesintosmallersizesandpassthemouttotheirownchildren.Oncethelastpiec
eispasseddowntotheyoungest，wesayaprayer(祷告)andeatthepieceofthinbread.Polishpeoplecelebrate“Imieniny”,orName’sDay.Thisda
yismoreimportantthanone’sbirthday.Theyoftennametheirchildrenafterasaint(圣徒)whosedayisclosesttothedatethattheywerebornon.Thent
heirsaint’sdaythattheywerenamedafterbecomestheir“new”birthday.OnName’sDay，familiesandfriendsgathertogetherandenjoyavarietyoffood，drinking，anddancing
.Asyoucansee，Polandhasafewveryunique(独特的)traditionsandcustoms.IhonormyPolishcultureandwillpassitontomyownchildrenb
ecauseitisimportanttoknowone’sownculture.12．InPoland，ifyousay“Dziekuje”beforegettingyourchange，___________.A．thestoreclerkwillkeepitB．the
productwillbechangedC．thestoreclerkwillcheckthemoneyD．theproductwillbereturnedtothestore13．OnChristmasEve，thea
uthorwillreceive“bread”from________.A．hisgrandfatherB．hisuncleC．hisauntD．hisfather14．APolishperson’sImieninyis________.A．adaytovisitfamiliesandfri
endsB．moreimportantthanName’sDayC．neartohisorherbirthdayD．adaytohonorasaint15．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofPolishtraditio
nsandcustoms?A．Hefeelsproudofthem.B．Heshowsnointerestinthem.C．Heisworriedaboutthem.D．Heconsidersthemver
yfunny.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Differencesdosetusapart,butweoftenforge
tthatweareallhuman,andourcultureismuchmorerepresentative(有代表性的)ofourdifferingenvironmentthantrulydifferentpeople.Herearesometipsonhow
tounderstandandadmireculturaldifferences.____16____Inalmosteverysinglecase,theonlythingrequiredtobridgeculturaldifferencesisanintro
duction.Thisisn'talwayseasy,butthebestthingtodoismakeaneffort—gototheinternationalfolkmusicfestival,eatinarestaurantwhereEnglishisn't
thefirstlanguage,andsayhellotothenewfamilydownthestreet.Inviteotherculturesintoyourhome.____17____Somepeopleopentheirhomes
toexchangestudentswithappslikeAirBnB,whileothersmightworkthroughachurchorcharitytohelpprovidefortravelinggroups.Eveneasier,youcansimplyinvitepeop
lefromotherculturesoverfordinner.____18____Readasmuchaboutthelocalcultureasyoucanbeforearriving.Itisirresponsibletoarriveinanewplacewithoutknowingho
wthingsusuallyrun.Youmaygetimmediatelyshockeduponlanding,whichcanmakeithardertoaccepttheculturelateron.____19____Read
online,checksomebooks,andgenerallyarrivewell-informed.Havingsomeknowledgebeforehandwillhelpwithanyculture
shock.Sharepartsofyourowncultureandlifetoencourageotherstosharetheirs.Oneofthebestthingstobringwhiletravelingisasetofphotosfromhome,allowingyoutobr
ingpeopleintoyourownlifeandculturefromanywhere.____20____Andlearningisthekeytounderstandingand,finallyacceptance.A．Youcanaccepttravelersorexch
angestudents.B．Therefore,bereadyforsomeshocksorchangesintherealworld.C．Seekoutexperiences,foods,andpeoplewhoseemforeigntoyou.D．Getoutto
seenewplaces,pushingyourcomfortzoneasmuchaspossible.E．Givingalittlebitofyourselfisthebestwaytolearnalittlebitaboutothers.F．You'll
besurprisedhowmuchmostpeoplewanttomeetandtalktoforeigners.G．Thebestwaytounderstandandadmireculturaldifferencesisoverfoodandfriends
hip.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Group-CenteredSocie
tiesHaveJustasMuchCreativityWhatdoesculturehavetodowithcreativity?Theanswercouldbe“alot”.Fordecades,psychologiststryingtounderstandther
ootsofcreativeimaginationshavelookedatthewaysinwhichtwodifferenttypesofculturescancometohaveaneffectover
itsartisticand____21____output.Individualisticculturesencouragepeopletobeuniqueandto____22____theirowninterestsevenifdoing
socomesatacosttothegroupoverall.Collectivisticculturesarebasedonrelationshipsanddutiestootherpeople.Thesetypesofcul
turesoften____23____theindividual’swantsfortheneedsofthosewhoareclosetothemorforthoseintheircommunity.Indivi
dualismhaslongbeenthoughttohaveacreative____24____.Individualists____25____socialconvention,thelogicgoes,andthatpus
hbacksupportsinnovation.Forinstance,aroundtheworld,individualisticcultureshavemorepatentsthancollectivisticculturesdo.____26____,anewstudysuggeststh
attheseideasaboutcultureandcreativitycouldbeoffbase.Peopleincollectivisticculturesactuallydobetterwithaparticulartypeofcreativethink
ingthanthoseinindividualisticcultures.Andthefindingsoverallrevealtheshortcomingsofthinkingaboutinnovationtoo____
27____.ThenewworkcomesfromcomparingcommunitiesindifferentpartsofChina.Thoughitscoreshigh,asanation,onmeasuresofcultural____28____,China’s1.4billion
peoplearemorethanjustasingleculture.PeoplefromareasnorthoftheYangtzeRivertendtobemore____29____,opentostrangersandself-confident,whereaspeoplealo
ngtheriverandfarthersouthareoftenmoreinter-dependent,partialtofriendsoverstrangersandlikelytotryharde
rto_____30_____.Inthenewcreativitystudy,researchersinvestigatedinnovationwiththesetwogroupsinmind.Theteamusedadrawingtestthathadbeencreatedbypsycho
logists.Theygavekidsasheetofpaperwithjustafewbasicelementsprintedonit:somedotshere,squiggles(弯曲的线条)there,anda
rectanglethatsuggestedadrawingframe.Thechildrengot15minutestousetheelementsalreadyonthepagetodrawwhatevertheywanted.Theycouldget“adaptivecreativity”
pointsfordoodlinginwaysthatconnectedthesquigglesandlinesintoanoriginaland_____31_____image.Inaddition,ajudgecheckedwhetherthechildre
nchosetoincorporateasmallshapethatcouldbefoundjustoutsidetherectangular.Thiselementwaseasyto_____32_____,sothosewhoincludedthisoutside-the-bo
xdetailcouldgetpointsfor“boundary-breakingcreativity.”Theresearchersgavethetestto683middleschoolstudentsfromn
orthandsouthoftheYangtzeRiver.Whenthescientistsgotthescoresback,theydiscoveredthattherewerenodifferencesinthechildren’soverallcreativity
.Whentheybrokedowntheresultsintocomponents,theyfoundthatstudentsfromcollectivisticregionsscored_____33_____inadaptivecreativitywhilethosef
romindividualisticareasdidbetterinboundary-breakingcreativity.Thefindingsarealsoawarningagainstculturalchauvinism
(极端民族主义).Westerncountrieshavetendedtoleadthewayininnovation—atleastasdefinedbythemetrics(指标)weWesternershavecreated.Perhapswehavebeen___
__34_____China’sadaptivecreativity.Forexample,whilethecountrymaynothaveinventedtheassemblyline,itislargelythankstothe_____35_____itspeopleh
avemadetothissystemthatthecountryhassuchathrivingmanufacturingsectortoday.21．A．theoreticalB．inventiveC．pr
oductiveD．regular22．A．prioritizeB．depriveC．tolerateD．abandon23．A．satisfyB．stimulateC．cherishD．sacrifice24．A．shel
terB．edgeC．borderD．alternative25．A．embraceB．proposeC．resistD．create26．A．HoweverB．ThereforeC．MeanwhileD．Mor
eover27．A．broadlyB．objectivelyC．seriouslyD．narrowly28．A．individualismB．identityC．collectivismD．flexibility29．A．sel
fishB．collectiveC．individualisticD．realistic30．A．fallapartB．fitinC．giveinD．showoff31．A．separateB．uglyC．unifiedD．tiny
32．A．catchB．missC．targetD．misuse33．A．higherB．averagelyC．lowerD．vaguely34．A．capturingB．approachingC．imitat
ingD．overlooking35．A．improvementsB．drawbacksC．insightsD．attempts第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Local__
__36____(official)inBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity’sculturalheritage(遗产),inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownashutongs.Hutongsare___
_37____(common)foundinthecitiesofNorthChina,buttheyareindanger.Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000hutongs,mostof____38____a
reneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago,thenumberofthehutong____39____(be)3,250.“Onaveragemorethan100,000peoplevisittheForb
iddenCityduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitsputpressureonthe____40____(protect)ofculturalrelics,”saidHuangYan,directoroftheBeijingMu
nicipalCommissionofUrbanPlanning,____41____(add)thathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.Thegovernmen
tconcentrated____42____howtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritageworked.WangShaofe
ng,headoftheXichengDistrictGovernment,saidtheareahas182culturalrelics,andmanyofthemwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty(
1271—1368).ThedistrictofXichenghas1.28millionresidentsin____43____(it)57squarekilometersofland.“Themostefficientwayistodecrea
sethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage,”Wangsaid.“Eachcommunityhasbeenrequired____44____(r
eport)thestatusofitsculturalheritage.”Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongs_____45_____(leave)inthecoming100years.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（
满分15分）46．最近，你们班级进行了以“HowtoprotecttraditionalChineseculture?”为题的讨论活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文来报道此次活动。内容包括：1.时间与地点：4月10日，学校演讲大
厅；2.进行这次讨论得意义；3.同学们讨论得具体内容；4.对活动得感受。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onceuponatimetherewas
arichmanwhohadaservantwhoservedhimdiligentlyandhonestly.Everymorningtheservantwasthefirstoneoutofbed,andatnightthelastonetogo
tobed.Whenevertherewasadifficultjobthatnobodywantedtodo,hewasalwaysthefirsttovolunteer.Henevercomplainedaboutanyofth
is,butwascontentedwitheverythingandalwayshappy.Whenhisyearwasover,hismastergavehimnowages,thinking,“Thatisthesmar
testthingtodo,foritwillsavemesomething.Hewon’tleaveme,butwillgladlystayhereworkingforme.”Theservanthadagoodheart,sohedidhisworkthesecondyearasheha
ddonebefore.Attheendofthisyearhereceivednowagesagain,buthestillstayedonwithoutcomplaining.Whenthethirdyearhadpassed,themasterthoughtitover,thenpu
thishandintohispocket,butpulledoutnothing.However,thistimetheservantsaid,“Master,Ihaveservedyouhones
tlyforthreeyears.Besogoodastogivemewhatbyrights(按理说)Ihavecomingtome.Iwouldliketobeonmywayandseesomethingelseoftheworld.”“Yes,mygoodserv
ant,”answeredthemaster.“Youhaveservedmewithoutcomplaint,andyoushallbekindlyrewarded.”Thenheputhishandint
ohispocket,andcountedoutthreedollarsoneatatime,saying,“There,youhaveadollarforeachyear.Thatisalargeandgenerousr
eward.Onlyafewmasterswouldpayyousomuch.”Thegoodservant,whounderstoodlittleaboutmoney,puthiswealthintohispocket,andthought,“Ah,now
thatIhaveafullpurse,whyshouldIworryandcontinuetoplaguemyselfwithhardwork?”Sohesetforth,uphillanddownhill,singingandjumpingforjoy.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.
请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Ontheway,alittledwarfsteppedout,andcalledtohim._______________________________________________________
____________________________________Thedwarfwasnotsatisfied.Heaskedformorehelpfromtheservant._______________________
____________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．B2．C3．D【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一些中国的传统文化。1．细节理解题
。根据第二段的“InChina,itisabigdealtorespecttheeldestoneinthefamily.(在中国，尊重家庭中的最年长的人是件大事。)”可知，在中国社会，最受尊重的是老年人。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Andi
tisnotpoliteifyoudon’toffertopayitinfullifyouarethehost.(如果你是主人，如果你不主动全额支付，是不礼貌的。)”可知，如果你是主人，吃饭时全额付款是礼貌的。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Tr
avelingtoChinaisthedreamofmanypeoplebutitisimportanttobeawarethattheChinesecultureisdifferentfromWeste
rncultures.SobeforearrivinginChina,makesurethatyouunderstandtheChinesetraditions.(到中国旅游是许多人的梦想，但重要的是要知道中国文化不同于西方文化。所以在来中国之前，一定要了解中国的传统。)”可知，文
章是写给来中国旅行的外国人的，因此推断来中国的交换生是潜在的目标读者。故选D。4．D5．A6．C7．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文化差异带来的误解。作者在某亚洲国家乘坐地铁时，地铁上的当地人见作者的行李包很重就主动帮其拿着行李，作者由最初误解行李被盗到后来理解这是当地人的一个常见的习惯
做法。4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butinonequickmotion,Ifeltmybagremovedfrommyback,andinaflash,itwasgone.Iturnedaroundtoseewhothethief
was.(但很快，我感到背上的包被拿走了，刹那间，包不见了。我转过身去看小偷是谁)”以及第三段中“Shepickedupmybag,showinghowheavyitwas.Ifinallybegantounderstand.Shewasho
ldingmybagtohelpme.(她捡起我的包，让我看它有多重。我终于开始明白了。她拿着我的包是想帮我)”可知，作者上了地铁后发生了，一个陌生人向作者提供了帮助。故选D。5．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Iturnedaroundtoseewhothethiefwas.I
lookedatthepeoplestandingbehindme,butdidn’tseemybagoranyonesuspicious.MyheartbegantobeatwildlyandIbeg
anto(我转过身去看小偷是谁。我看着站在我身后的人，但没有看到我的包或任何可疑的人。我的心开始狂跳)”可知，作者在地铁发现自己的包不见了，所以当时内心是害怕的，划线词意思是“感觉害怕”。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Atthenext
stop,amiddle-agedwomangotonthecrowdedsubway.Anotherelderlywomansittingdowntookherbag,settingitonherlap.Theydidn’ttalk;yetthisolderwom
anwasmorethanpleasedtositwiththisstranger’sbagonherlapthroughoutherjourney.(到了下一站，一位中年妇女上了拥挤的地铁。另一位坐下来的老妇人接过包，放在膝盖上。他们没说话；然而，在整个旅程中，这位老妇人却非常高兴
地把这个陌生人的包放在腿上)”可推知，在当地的地铁上，帮助站着的乘客提沉重的行李是很常见的。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whathappenedtomenextonthesubwayhastaughtmemuchaboutculturediff
erence.(接下来在地铁上发生的事情教会了我很多关于文化差异的知识)”可推知，作者讲述这个经历是为了告诉我们一个关于文化差异的故事。故选B。8．B9．A10．D11．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。全文主
要介绍岛国马达加斯加为防止森林火灾和保持生态平衡，考虑引进一种巨型陆龟。8．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Bushesandlowlyingplantshavestartedtotakeuptoomuchspaceonthefor
estfloor,providingfuelforwildfires.Soscientistsareconsideringusinggianttortoisestohelppreventtheforestfires
andtherebyhelpthenativewildlifeinMadagascar.(灌木丛和低洼植物已经开始在森林地面上占据太多的空间，为野火提供了燃料。因此，科学家们正在考虑使用巨型陆龟来帮助防止森林火灾，从而帮助马达加斯加的本土野生动物)”以
及划线词组后文“theextrabushes—justliketheirrelativesdidlongago.”可知，科学家们希望这些陆龟能传播本地植物的种子，并吃掉多余的灌木丛——就像它们的亲戚很久以
前做的那样。即划词组意思是“吃光”。A.walkaround.四处走动；B.eatup.吃光；C.gothrough.参加，通过；D.livewith.忍受。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“WhenthetortoisesfirstarriveinMadagas
car,theywillliveinanareaclosedofffromtherestofthewildlife.There,researcherswillwatchthetortoises'everymovetoseehowtheyw
illreacttothenativeplants.Ifallgoeswell,thetortoiseswillbereleasedintothewild.(当这些陆龟第一次到达马达加斯加时，它们将生活在一个与其他野生动物隔离的地区。在那里，研究人员将观察乌
龟的每一个动作，以观察它们对本地植物的反应。如果一切顺利，这些乌龟将被放归野外)”可知，研究人员将用引入马达加斯加的陆龟做实验。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Similarpracticehasbeensuccessfulinotherplaces.Taketheislandof
Rodrigues,locatedeastofMadagascar,forexample.Sevenyearsago,tortoiseswerebroughtthere.Nowtheyarespreadin
gseedsandkeepingthebushesfromtakingover.IfthesamethingworksinMadagascar,thegianttortoisesmaybeusedtohelpoutotherforestsaroundtheworld.(类似的做法在其他
地方也取得了成功。以马达加斯加东部的Rodrigues岛为例。七年前，乌龟被带到那里。现在他们正在播撒种子，防止灌木丛占据森林。如果同样的事情在马达加斯加也能奏效，巨型陆龟可能会被用来帮助世界上其他的森林)”可推知，作者通过提到Rodrigues岛，是想说明巨型陆龟可以
给马达加斯加带来希望。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“SoscientistsareconsideringusinggianttortoisestohelppreventtheforestfiresandtherebyhelpthenativewildlifeinMadagascar.
(因此，科学家们正在考虑使用巨型陆龟来帮助防止森林火灾，从而帮助马达加斯加的本土野生动物)”结合全文主要介绍岛国马达加斯加为防止森林火灾和保持生态平衡，考虑引进一种巨型陆龟。可知，A选项“乌龟来救援了！”最符合文章标题。故选A。12．A13
．D14．C15．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者是波兰人，他讲述了波兰的三种传统习俗。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句和第三句“Ifyoudonot，youaretellingcashiers(收银员)thattheycan‘keepthechange’．”可知，在波兰，如果你在收银
员给你找钱之前说Dziekuje，就等于让收银员留下零钱。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Inmyfamily，theeldestinthefamily(mygrandfather)takesthebigOplat
ekandbreaksitintolargepiecesthathethenhandsdowntoeachofhisfourchildren(myaunt，uncles，andfather)．Then，th
esefamilymembersbreaktheirpiecesintosmallersizesandpassthemouttotheirownchildren.(在我的家族中，最年长的人(我的祖父)会把大Oplatek掰成大块，然后传给他的四个孩子(
我的姑姑、叔叔和父亲)。然后，这些家庭成员把它们分成小块，传给自己的孩子。)”可知，在圣诞节前夜作者会得到他父亲切的面包。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theyoftennametheirch
ildrenafterasaint(圣徒)whosedayisclosesttothedatethattheywerebornon.Thentheirsaint’sdaythattheywerenamedafterbecomestheir‘new’birthday.(他们通常用圣
徒的名字给孩子取名，圣徒的生日和孩子的出生日期最接近。然后他们的圣徒日，他们的名字，成为他们的“新的”生日。)”可知，一个波兰人的命名日与她或者他的生日很接近。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“IhonormyPolishcultureandwillpassitont
omyownchildren...(我尊重我的波兰文化，并将把它传给我自己的孩子。)”可推知，作者以自己国家的传统习俗为荣。故选A。16．C17．A18．G19．B20．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何理解和欣赏文化差异提出了几点建议。16．根据空后内容“Thisi
sn'talwayseasy,butthebestthingtodoismakeaneffort—gototheinternationalfolkmusicfestival,eatinarestaurantwhereEnglishisn'tthefirstlanguage,a
ndsayhellotothenewfamilydownthestreet.(这并不总是那么容易，但最好的办法是努力——去国际民间音乐节，在英语不是第一语言的餐馆吃饭，向街上的新家庭问好。)”可知，这里主要讲怎样在不同文化架桥的具体措施，而C项See
koutexperiences,foods,andpeoplewhoseemforeigntoyou(寻找对你来说陌生的经历、食物和人)正好对应了下文提到的这几点，符合语境。故选C项。17．根据该空前一句话“Inviteotherculturesint
oyourhome.(邀请其他文化进入你的家。)”可知，这里在建议接触不同文化的人，而A项Youcanaccepttravelersorexchangestudents.(你可以接纳游客或者交换生)符合语
境，同时和后面内容“SomepeopleopentheirhomestoexchangestudentswithappslikeAirBnB”相呼应。故选A项。18．根据该空前一句话“Eveneasier,youcansimplyinvitepeoplefromotherculturesover
fordinner.(更简单的是邀请从其他文化背景来的人吃饭。)”可知，G项Thebestwaytounderstandandadmireculturaldifferencesisoverfoodandfriendship(理解欣赏文化差异最好
的办法是通过食物和友谊)承接上文，其中food与前文dinner对应。故选G项。19．该空前面的内容“Youmaygetimmediatelyshockeduponlanding,whichcanmakeithardertoaccepttheculturelateron.(你可
能一着陆会感到文化冲击，这样就会使你在以后接受这里的文化变得困难。)”可知，该空后面具体介绍了应对文化冲击的做法。B项Therefore,bereadyforsomeshocksorchangesintherealworld.(因此，对现实世界中的一些冲击
或变化做好准备)，符合语境，与上文构成因果关系。故选B项。20．由上文“Sharepartsofyourowncultureandlifetoencourageotherstosharetheirs.Oneofthebestthingsto
bringwhiletravelingisasetofphotosfromhome,allowingyoutobringpeopleintoyourownlifeandculturefromanywhere.(分享自己的文化和生活，鼓励他
人分享自己的文化和生活。旅行时最好带的东西之一是一组来自家里的照片，让你可以从任何地方把人们带入你自己的生活和文化)”可知，本段讲述的是分享自己的文化来鼓励别人分享他们的文化。E项Givingalittlebitofyou
rselfisthebestwaytolearnalittlebitaboutothers.(让别人了解一点儿自己是了解别人的一种最好的方式)符合语境。其中Givingalittlebitofyourself与
上文Sharepartsofyourownculture对应。故选E项。21．B22．A23．D24．B25．C26．A27．D28．B29．B30．A31．A32．B33．A34．D35．A【导语】这
是一篇说明文。主要介绍了集体主义文化实际上在特定类型的创造性思维方面做得更好。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，试图理解创造性想象力的根源的心理学家一直在研究两种不同类型的文化影响其艺术和创造性输出的方式。A.theor
etical理论的；B.inventive善于创新的；C.productive多产的；D.regular有规律的。根据上文“Whatdoesculturehavetodowithcreativity?”可知，此处表示心理学家研究不同类型的文化影响
艺术性和创造性输出的方式。故选B项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：个人主义文化鼓励人们独树一帜，优先考虑自己的利益，即使这样做会给整个团队带来损失。A.prioritize优先处理；B.deprive剥
夺；C.tolerate容忍；D.abandon放弃。根据下文“evenifdoingsocomesatacosttothegroupoverall”可知，个人主义文化鼓励人们优先考虑自己的利益。故选
A项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些类型的文化往往牺牲个人的需求来满足与他们关系密切的人或团体中的人的需求。A.satisfy满足；B.stimulate激励；C.cherish珍惜；D.sacrifice牺牲
。根据下文“fortheneedsofthosewhoareclosetothemorforthoseintheircommunity”可知，集体主义文化会为了满足其他人的需求，牺牲个人的需求。故选D项。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，个人主义被认为具有创新优势。A.shelter避
难所；B.edge（微弱的）优势；C.border边界；D.alternative可供选择的事物。根据下文“Individualists____5____socialconvention,thelogicgoes
,andthatpushbacksupportsinnovation.”可知，此处表示个人主义被认为有创新优势。故选B项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：逻辑是这样的，个人主义者抵制社会惯例，这种抵制支持创新。A.embrace拥抱；B.propos
e提议；C.resist抵制；D.create创造。根据下文“thatpushbacksupportsinnovation”可知，此处表示个人主义者抵制社会惯例。故选C项。26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一项新的研究
表明，这些关于文化和创造力的想法可能是偏离基准的。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Meanwhile同时；D.Moreover此外。结合语意，上下文表示转折关系，空处应用副词however，表示“然而”。故选A项。27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些发现
总体上揭示了过于狭隘地看待创新的缺点。A.broadly大体上；B.objectively客观地；C.seriously严重地；D.narrowly狭隘地。根据上文“Peopleincollectivisticculturesactuallydobet
terwithaparticulartypeofcreativethinkingthanthoseinindividualisticcultures.”可知，此处表示发现揭示了狭隘地看待创新的缺点。故选D项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽
管中国作为一个国家，在文化同一性方面得分很高，但中国14亿人口不仅仅是一种文化。A.individualism个人主义；B.identity同一性；C.collectivism集体主义；D.flexibility灵活性。根据下文“China’s1.4
billionpeoplearemorethanjustasingleculture.”可知，尽管中国的文化同一性得分很高，但是中国不仅仅有一种文化。故选B项。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：长江以北地区的人往往更具集体性，对陌生人更开放，更自
信，而长江沿岸和更南的地区的人往往更相互依赖，更偏向朋友而不是陌生人，并且可能更努力地分开。A.selfish自私的；B.collective集体的；C.individualistic奉行个人主义的；D.realistic现
实的。根据下文“opentostrangersandself-confident”可知，长江以北地区的人更倾向于集体化。故选B项。30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：长江以北地区的人往往更具集体性，对陌生人更开放，更自
信，而长江沿岸和更南的地区的人往往更相互依赖，更偏向朋友而不是陌生人，并且可能更努力地分开。A.fallapart破裂；B.fitin相处融洽；C.givein让步；D.showoff炫耀。根据上文“peoplealongtheriverandfarthersoutha
reoftenmoreinter-dependent,partialtofriendsoverstrangers”可知，长江沿岸和以南地区的人更偏向朋友而不是陌生人，可能更努力与别人分开。故选A项。31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们可以通过将曲线和线条连接到原来的分开的图
像上的涂鸦方式获得“适应性创造力”分数。A.separate分开的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.unified统一的；D.tiny微小的。根据上文“Theygavekidsasheetofpaperwithjustafewbasicelementsprintedonit:som
edotshere,squigglesthere,andarectanglethatsuggestedadrawingframe.”可知，孩子们的纸上有一些印好的分开的基本元素。故选A项。32．考查动词
词义辨析。句意：这个元素很容易被错过，所以那些把这个框外细节包括在内的人可以获得“突破边界的创造力”的分数。A.catch接住；B.miss错过；C.target把……作为目标；D.misuse误用。根据上文“asmallshapethatcouldb
efoundjustoutsidetherectangular.”可知，这个元素在矩形框外，很容易被错过。故选B项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们将结果分为几个部分时，他们发现来自集体主义地区的学生在适应性创造力方面得分较高，而来自个人主义地区的学生在突破边界
创造力方面得分较高。A.higher更高的；B.averagely平均；C.lower更低的；D.vaguely稍微。根据下文“whilethosefromindividualisticareasdidbetterinboundary-breakingcrea
tivity”可知，此处表示集体主义地区的学生们在适应性创造力方面得分更高。故选A项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我们一直忽视了中国的适应性创造力。A.capturing捕获；B.approaching接近；C.im
itating模仿；D.overlooking忽视。根据下文“China’sadaptivecreativity”可知，此处表示也许中国的适应性创造力一直被忽视了。故选D项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句
意：例如，虽然中国可能没有发明流水线，但在很大程度上，正是由于中国人民对这一系统所做的改进，中国才有了今天如此繁荣的制造业。A.improvements改进；B.drawbacks缺点；C.insig
hts了解；D.attempts尝试。根据下文“thecountryhassuchathrivingmanufacturingsectortoday”可推知，中国对于流水线做出了改进。故选A项。36．officials
37．commonly38．which39．was40．protection41．adding42．on43．its44．toreport45．willbeleft【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了北京的政府官员承诺进一步保护城市的文化遗产。36．考查名词的数。句意：北京的地方官员承诺将进一
步保护城市的文化遗产，特别是被称为胡同的狭窄街道。根据语境可知，此处表示不止一位官员，故应用名词复数形式。故填officials。37．考查副词。句意：胡同在中国北方的城市中很常见，但它们正处于危险之中。空处修饰谓语动词arefoun
d，作状语，应用副词形式。故填commonly。38．考查定语从句。句意：北京目前被认为只有不到1000条胡同，其中大部分都在紫禁城附近。空处指代先行词hutongs，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故用关系代词which。故填which。39．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“仅在6
0年前，胡同的数量是3250条。”北京城市规划委员会主任黄岩说，他还补充说，胡同应该受到保护，不受人为破坏。由时间状语“60yearsago”可知，应用一般过去时；且主语为thenumberofthehutong（胡同的数量）是单数。故填was
。40．考查名词。句意：“仅在60年前，胡同的数量是3250条。”北京城市规划委员会主任黄岩说，他还补充说，胡同应该受到保护，不受人为破坏。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应用名词，protection（保护），抽象名词，不可数。故填protection。41．考查非
谓语动词。句意：“仅在60年前，胡同的数量是3250条。”北京城市规划委员会主任黄岩说，他还补充说，胡同应该受到保护，不受人为破坏。分析句子结构可知，HuangYan与add之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。故填adding。42．考查介词。句意：政府集中讨论了保护计划是如
何实施的以及文化遗产管理是如何工作的。考查短语concentrateon集中注意力于。故填on。43．考查代词。句意：西城区57平方公里的土地上有128万居民。空处作定语，要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。44．考查非谓语动词。句意：每个社区都被要
求报告其文化遗产的状况。requiresb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”，为固定用法，此处是其被动形式berequiredtodosth。故填toreporte。45．考查时态和语态。句意：没有人确切地知道在未来的100年里会有多少胡同被保
留下来。根据时间状语“inthecoming100years”可知，应用一般将来时；且hutongs与leave之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态，故填willbeleft。46．Whenitcomestohowtoprotecttra
ditionalChineseculture,thestudentsholddifferentpointsofview.SomesuggestresistingWesternholidaysduetotheirstronginfluence.Somearguetha
twearesupposedtoholdsomecreativeactivitiestocelebratetraditionalculturesothatwecanhavefunduringtradit
ionalChinesefestivals.Still,othersconsiderallkindsofcompetitionsshouldbeheldfromtimetotime,whichcanprovidemorechancesf
orthecitizenstoreciteChinesepoemsandpracticecalligraphy.Personally,itishightimethatwesparednoefforttoprotecttraditionalChinesecultur
e,orwewillregretoneday.【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇短文来报道以“HowtoprotecttraditionalChineseculture?”为题的讨论活动。
【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.时间与地点：4月10日，学校演讲大厅；2.进行这次讨论得意义；3.同学们讨论得具体内容；4.对活动得感受。第二步：
列提纲（重点词组）whenitcomesto;traditionalChineseculture;holddifferentpointsofview;suggestdoing;dueto;besupposedto;cele
brate;sothat;havefun;allkindsof;fromtimetotime;recite;itishightimethat…第三步：连词成句1.WhenitcomestohowtoprotecttraditionalChineseculture,the
studentsholddifferentpointsofview.2.SomesuggestresistingWesternholidaysduetotheirstronginfluence.3.Somearguethatwearesuppose
dtoholdsomecreativeactivitiestocelebratetraditionalculturesothatwecanhavefunduringtraditionalChinesefesti
vals.4.Still,othersconsiderallkindsofcompetitionsshouldbeheldfromtimetotime,whichcanprovidemorechancesforthecitizenstoreciteChinesepoemsandpractice
calligraphy.5.Personally,itishightimethatwesparednoefforttoprotecttraditionalChineseculture,orwewillregretoneday.根据提示及关键词（组）进
行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second,Andthen2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furt
hermore3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句)4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词
进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Somearguethatwearesupposedtoholdsomecreativeactivitiestocelebratetradi
tionalculturesothatwecanhavefunduringtraditionalChinesefestivals.(运用了that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Still,othersconsiderallkindsofcompetitionsshouldbeheldf
romtimetotime,whichcanprovidemorechancesforthecitizenstoreciteChinesepoemsandpracticecalligraphy.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)47．Ontheway,al
ittledwarfsteppedout,andcalledtohim.“Whereareyouheading?Youdon’tseemtobeburdenedwithcares.”“WhyshouldIbesad?”answeredthese
rvant.“IhaveeverythingIneed.Threeyears’wagesareinmypocket.Threedollars!”“Iamapoorandneedyman,”thedwarfsaid.“Givemeyo
urwages.Icannolongerwork,butyouareyoungandcaneasilyearnyourbread.”Theservantfeltpityforthedwarfandgavehimhisthre
edollars.Thedwarfwasnotsatisfied.Heaskedformorehelpfromtheservant.“Myhomeisabitfarfromhere.Sinceyouhavenodestinationin
yourmind,couldyouaccompanymehome?”Theservantsaidyeswithouthesitation.Atdusk,thedwarf,accompaniedbytheservant,cametoabeautif
ulhouse.Thenthedwarfsaid,“BecauseIseethatyouhaveagoodheart,Iwillgrantyouthishouse.Nowyouhaveyourownhome.”【分析】本文以人物为
线索展开，讲述了从前一个富人有一个忠诚的仆人，辛苦劳作了三年，富人仅给了他三美元的工钱，善良的仆人没有怨恨主人，高兴地离开去游历世界，最后一个小矮人看到仆人的诚实善良，帮助仆人的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句
内容“在路上，一个小矮人走出来叫他。”可知，第一段可描写仆人与小矮人的互动，善良的仆人把挣到的钱送给了小矮人的经过。由第二段首句内容“那个小矮人并不满意。他向仆人寻求更多的帮助。”可知，第二段可描写仆人陪小矮人
一起回家，给了小矮人更多的帮助，小矮人报答仆人的经过。2.续写线索：碰到了小矮人——帮助——陪回家——赠送房子报答3.词汇激活行为类①朝……出发：head/moveforward②.赚钱：earn/bringin③.一起走路：accompanyme/walkto
gether//keepmecompany情绪类①.悲哀：sad/sorrowful②怜悯：pity/merciful【点睛】[高分句型1].Atdusk,thedwarf,accompaniedbythes
ervant,cametoabeautifulhouse.（运用了非谓语动词作状语）[高分句型2].Sinceyouhavenodestinationinyourmind,couldyouaccompanymehome?（运
用了since引导的原因状语从句）
