【文档说明】14. 短文词汇填空十一选十（原题版）-2023版上海名校高中自主招生英语黄金宝典.docx，共(22)页，88.062 KB，由envi的店铺上传

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考点归纳、真题精练、考前巩固Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmoret

hanyouneed.A．luckilyB．alertsC．establishedD．entrancesE.contactF.habitatG.measuresH.wanderedI.studyingJ.rewardsK.enjoyFifteenwildAsianelephant

sthatlefttheir____1____inXishuangbannaNationalNatureReserve(保护区)inYunnanprovincehavesofarnotcausedanytroubleintheprovincialca

pital(省会),Kunming,thankstolocalauthorities’effectivemeasures.ByThursdayafternoon,theherd(兽群)hadmovedtoShuanghecounty,Jinningdis

trictinKunming’soutskirts,accordingtotheYunnanForestryandGrasslandAdministration,whichhas____2____aspecialworkteamundertheguidanceoftheprovincialgove

rnment.Provincialforestrypolicehavefollowedtheelephants’movementsroundtheclock,usingdrones(无人机)andcameras.Expertsfromboththen

ationalandprovincialforestrydepartmentsareadvisingon____3____tocontroltheelephants.PoliceandfirefightersinKunmingar

eworkingtopreventtheelephantsfromcominginto____4____withresidents.Trucks(卡车)anddiggingequipmenthavebeenputinplaceatthe

____5____ofvillagestotrytostopthepachyderms’(厚皮动物)entry.AwomanfromGanhevillage,wheretheelephants____6____aroundforseveralhoursonThursday

,toldlocalmediathattheyhadreceived____7____fromthevillagecommittee.“AllmyfamilymembersmovedtothesecondfloorofourhouseonWednesday.Wewere

verynervouslastnight,but____8____noonewashurt,”shesaid.Althoughit’snotknownwhentheelephantslefttheXishuangbannareserve,expertsbelievetheymayhavest

artedroaming(徜徉)lastyearandarenowabout500kilometersawayfromthereserve.TheAsianelephants,whicharelistedasendanger

ed(濒危的)ontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureRedListofThreatenedSpecies,____9____Class-AprotectionstatusinChina,thesamelevelaf

forded(给予)thegiantpanda.YunnanistheonlyhometowildAsianelephantsinChinaandhas300oftheanimals.However,morethantwo-

thirdsof第14讲：词汇填空（十一选十）thepopulationliveoutsidenaturereserves,saidChenMingyong,alifesciencesprofessoratYunnanUn

iversitywhohasbeen____10____wildelephantsfordecades.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.N

otethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．contributeB．globalC．bringingD．originallyE.concernedF.seekingG.featuresH.powerI.positionsJ.en

gineeredK.regularlyWhenitcomestoinnovativecountries,wealwaysthinkofplacesliketheUS,theUKandGermany.However,Israelisalso

a(n)____11____leaderininnovation.AccordingtotheWorldEconomicForum’sglobalCompetitivenessReport2016-2017,Israelisthesecondmost

innovativenationintheworld,justafterSwitzerland.Manyofusmaynotbeaware,buttechnologies____12____inIsraelhavechangedourlives.Fore

xample,antivirussoftwarethatprotectsourcomputerswas____13____developedinIsraelinthe1970s,accordingtoTheTelegraph.Inaddition,____14_

___onourmobilephonessuchasvoicemailandSMSwerealsodevelopedinIsrael.SoitcomesasnosurprisethatIsraelplanstouseitsinnovative

strengthto____15____thecooperationwithChinaintheBeltandRoadInitiative.AslongasIsraelisneeded,itwillsparenoeffortto____16____

totheproject,saidIsraeliPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahuduringhisvisittoChinainMarch,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.ManyIsraelienvironm

entaltechnologycompanieshavealreadysetupfacilitiesinShandongprovince,____17____Israelitechniquestomanyareassuch

asrecyclingwaterforagriculturaluse,reportedtheTimesofIsrael.Foundedonverydryland,Israelhadbeen____18____aboutwaterforaverylongtime.H

owever,inrecentyears,thequalityandquantityofwaterinIsraelhavebeenimproved,withthehelpoftechniquesthattu

rnMediterraneanseawaterandwastewaterintousablewater.Infact,suchinnovationshaveledtomoreandmoreChinesestudent

s____19____qualityhighereducationinIsrael.“WhenChinesestudentswhostudyheregobackhome,theywillbein____20____toinfluenceChina-Israelrelati

onshipsinthefuture,”EmmaAfter-man,managerofIsrael-ChinaAcademicRelationsattheCouncilforHigherEducation,toldtheJerusalemPost.Dire

ctions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmoret

hanyouneed.A．woundB．fundamentallyC．arguesD．virtueE.mirrorsF.universallyG.judgedH.simplyI.adoptedJ.fascinationK.similarlyJennyCarteranNHScoordin

atorisan“extremenightowl,”oneofanestimated8.2%ofthepopulationwhosenaturalinclination(倾向)istofallasleepwellaftermidni

ght.Lefttoherowndevices,she’dprefertogotobedaround3a.m.andwakeupaboutnoon.Whydonightowlsexist?Thereisnosingle___21___acceptedtheory,butev

olutionarybiologiststhinkthatcommunitieswithmorevariationinchronotypes(睡眠类型)mayhavebeenmorelikelytosurvive.Anothertheory

isthatvariationis___22___howgeneticsworks.Rightfrombirth,ourpersonalbiologicalclocksarealready___23___.Genetic

sestablishesaperson’schronotype.ColinEspie,professorofsleepmedicineattheUniversityofOxford,saysthis___24___differencesinhaire

yeandskincolororheight.Naturalnightowlsare___25___differentfrominsomniacsorpeoplewhostayupuntiltheearlyhoursbecauseoffamilyorworkcircumstances.Being

anightowlisn’taproblem.Butthisisn’talwayswellunderstood.JessicaBatchelorisamedicalwriterwhofeelsmostproductivea

t11p.m.“Ican’ttellanyonewhenIwenttosleep,wokeup,showeredorateamealwithoutbeing___26___,”shesays“Istrugglewithfeelingsofguiltandshame.”Thismentalityi

srootedinouragrarian(耕地的)pastwhenfarmworkhadtobeginatdawn.Ourculturemistakenlyassociatessleepinglittleandrisin

gearlywith___27___.Itisoftenextolled(颂扬)asahabitofsuccessfulpeople:forinstanceinthe___28___withMargaretThatcher’sfour-hourrest,orarticlesab

out“sleepless-elite”CEOswhostarttheirdayswitha4a.m.jog.Actually,thereisnothingwrongwithstayinguplateaslongasyou’regettingagoodamountofsleepeverynigh

t;___29___,earlyrisershavenospecialbiologicaladvantage.Whatresearchhasnotdisproved,however,isthatmorningpeopletendtogetmore

done.TheproductivityexpertLauraVanderkam____30____thatpeopleshouldconsiderswitchingtheirschedulenotbecauseit’snecessarilybette

rbutbecauseit’spractical.Wakingupearliertoworkout,makeheadwayonacreativeprojectorenjoyastress-freecupofcoffeecanhelpmakeiteasiert

oaccomplishmorewithoutsacrificingtimeforyourself.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachw

ordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．bodiesB．containersC．cutD．decomposedE.denselyF.engagedG.preventionH.propertyI.removeJ.

scarcelyK.unwantedGetridofmosquitoes,buthow?Almosteveryonewhospendstimeoutdoorshasexperiencedmosquitoes.Thesebloodsuckinginsectsg

iveitchybitesandcanspreaddisease.Buthowcanyouavoidthemandprotectyourself?JessicaDamianoisagardeningexpert.Inarecentstory,Damianosaid

thebestcontrolis___31___.Andshegavesuggestionsonhowto___32___mosquitopopulations.Itmayseemdifficulttoavoidmosquitoes,asm

ostoftheareasintheworldare___33___populatedwiththem.Peoplewholivenear___34___ofwater,suchaslakeside,mayexperiencemoremosquitoes.Butthereareseveralm

easuresyoucantaketoreducetheirnumbers.Mosquitoesneedlessthanacentimeterofwatertolayeggs.Afemalecanlayhund

redsofeggsatatime.So,checkyour___35___toseeifthereisanywherethatcollectswater.Watercaneasilycollectinsmall__

_36___—achild’stoy,atrashcanlid,oracookingpot.Eveniftheamountofstandingwaterseemssmall,___37___it.Makeholesinthebottomsofcontainersthatcanho

ld___38___water.Otherstandingwatersuchasinpondsandbirdbathscanbe___39___withchemicals.Thereareotherthingsyoucandotoprotectyo

urself.Putscreensinyourdoorsandwindowsorkeepthemclosed.Andcutdownontimespentoutdoorsbetweentheearlyeveningandtheearlymorning.Mosqui

toesaremost___40___duringthattime.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmoreth

anyouneed.A．bendB．fascinatedC．implicationD．invitesE.resemblesF.habitableG.outpacingH.determineI.explorationJ.a

lternativeK.colonizedGoodevening,ladiesandgentlemen:We’reatatippingpointinhumanhistory,betweengainingthestarsandlosingt

heplanetwecallhome.Atthesametimeaswe’rediscoveringthistreasureofpotentially____41____worlds,ourownplanetissinking.2014wasthehottestyearonrecord.Gla

ciersandseaicearenowdisappearinginamatterofdecades.Theseplanetary-scaleenvironmentalchangesarerapidly____42____ourabilitytoaltertheircourse.I’mno

taclimatescientist,I’manastronomer.YoucouldsaythatIlookfor____43____alienrealestate.Now,assomebodywhoisdeeply____44____inthesearchforlifeintheunive

rse,IcantellyouthatthemoreyoulookforplanetslikeEarth,themoreyouappreciateourownplanetitself.Eachoneofthesenewworlds_

___45____acomparisonbetweenthenewlydiscoveredplanetandtheplanetsweknowbest:thoseofourownSolarSystem.Considerourneighbor,Mars.Thoughth

eMartianview____46____thedesertsofourownhomeworld,Marsisaprettyterribleplacetoliveconsideringtheextenttowhichwehavenot____47____

thedesertsofourownplanet.Eveninthedriest,highestplacesonEarth,theairissweetandthickwithoxygenexhaled(呼气)fromthousandsofmiles

awaybyourrainforests.IworrythatMarsandotherplanetscarrieswithitalong,darkshadow:the____48____bysomethatMarswillbe

theretosaveusfromthedestructionoftheonlytrulylivableplanetweknowof,theEarth.AsmuchasIloveinterplanetary____49____,Ideeplydisagreew

iththisidea.TherearemanyexcellentreasonstogotoMars,butforanyonetotellyouthatMarswillbetheretobackuphumanityislikethecapta

inoftheTitanictellingyouthattherealpartyishappeninglateronthelifeboats.Ifwetrulybelieveinourabilityto____50____theh

ostileenvironmentsofMarsforhumanhabitation,thenweshouldbeabletosurmountthefareasiertaskofpreservingthehabitabilityoftheEarth.Directions

:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．importan

ceB．convincingC．challengesD．scheduledE.privateF.standG.settledH.qualityI.trendJ.anxietyK.publicOnMonday,t

heMinistryofEducationpublishedthedraft(草案)ofthepreschooleducationlawtoinvitepublicopinion.Ofalltheclauses(条款),whatattractsmostattentionis

theonethatforbidskindergartensfromteachingkidsorholdingactivities____51____forolderkids.Thatmighteasethepressureonparentswhofe

artheirchildrenmightlose“atthestartingline”.Somekindergartenstrytoforcethechildrentolearnsomethingbeyondtheirage,____52____theirpare

ntsthatthreeyearslatertheirchildrenwillhaveanadvantageoverothersinprimaryschool.That____53____hasimposed(把……强加在……

上)aheavyburdenonthekids.Besides,puttingpressureonkidsaheadoftimewillonlykilltheirpassiontolearn.However,manyparentscalledit“impractical”

,despitethe____54____ofthedraftlaw.Thatisbecauseteachingaheadoftimeisnotlimitedtokindergartens.Itexistsinprimary,middleandhighschools,too.Thereha

salwaysbeenpressureinChinathatchildrenhavetostandoutfromacademiccompetitiontogetintoabetterhigher-levelinstitute(学府).Topreparestudentsforthe____55__

__,sometimesevenschoolsteachthemwhattheyneednotlearnontheirgradelevel.Notsurprisingly,manyparentssharethesame____5

6____withschoolsandsomeevenpushschoolstogofurther.Besides,someparentsfearthebanmightworkinkindergartens,butnotinextracurricularorganiza

tions.Infact,somekindergartenteachersthemselvesarereportedtoorganizeextracurricularcoursesforchildrenin____57____.Andmanypar

entswillsendtheirchildrenthereincasetheymightmisssomethingimportant.Itistheparents’____58____andspeculation(投机)bybusinessthathav

eturnedtheofferingoftheteachingaheadoftimeandthebanonitintoacat-and-mousegame.Sinceparents’anxietyorigin

atesfromthelackof____59____educationresourcesandlimitedpromisingcareeropportunities.Iftheseproblemsarenot____60____,any

newlawtobantheteachingoflessonsaheadoftimewillbenothingbutanewyetineffectiverule.根据句意，选择单词并以其适当形式填空。UCLAenvironmentallawprofessorSeanHechtwaswalkin

gacrossthecampusrecentlywhenhephotographedfourfood-deliveryrobotsthatcouldn’tfigureoutawayaroundapileofdiscardedelectricscoote

rs.“Automatedfooddeliveryrobotswereapparentlyall___61___behindacarelesslyplacedscooter.Ijustobserved

acoupleofstudentsclearingapathoutofpityfortherobots,”Hechttweeted,“Thisisourfuture,Iguess.”TwitterjumpedonHecht’spostwithenthusiasm:Som

esaidtheywouldhavehelpedtherobots.Otherssaid,noway,nohelp.Somejokedaboutturningtherobotsoverontotheirbacks.It’snoteasybeinga

deliveryrobot.Theyhavebeenkickedbyangrypedestrians,peedonbydogs,and___62___byheavyglassdoors,amongothermisfortunes.They’vebecomepopu

lar___63___ofonlinefailvideos.Inthesevideostheycanbeseenfallingdownstairs,bumpingintoafirehydrant(消防栓)and___64___uparamp(斜坡)muchtooquickly.And,ofcou

rse,crashing.Therearealsosomepotential___65___toovercomebeforedeliveryrobotscanbewidelyadopted.Manypeoplestillhavec

oncernswiththeirsafety,nottomentionthepossibilityofsidewalkcongestion(拥堵)andjobloss.Plus,theyhaveafairlylowcarryingcapacity,whichisa/an___66___

factortothelimitednumberandtypeofdeliveriesthattheycancomplete.Moreover,therobotsneedtoremainwithinacertainradius(

半径)ofachargingstation,sotheyarealso___67___intheirpotentialrange.Thiscouldmaketheir___68___slow,especiallyinthoseareaswhicharelocatedfartherfro

mthecountry’smajorcitycenters.Itisalsoworthnotingthatevenifthedeliveryrobotsthemselvesarepoweredbyelectricit

y,thesourceoftheelectricitymaynotbeenvironmentallyfriendly.Thisisanotherconcernthatwillneedtobe___69___astheirusag

egrows.Society’sgrowing____70____forcontactlessdeliveryserviceshavehelpeddrivenupdemandfordeliverybots.Itseems,however,thatthesemach

inesstillhavealongwaytogo.选词填空A．genuineB．creativeC．proudD．throughoutE.forwardF.assignmentG.teenagerH.pressureI.reflectJ.aimK.relatedDearstudents,Good

morning,everyone.I’myourheadmaster,Mr.Lee.WelcometoABCHighSchool.Isyourfirstdayasseniorhighschoolstudents,s

othereareafewthingsIwantyoutoknow.FirstIwanttosay—Congratulations!Iknowyoumusthavebeenundergreat____71____toprepar

efortheSeniorHighSchoolEntranceExaminationinordertomakesureyougetaplaceinourschool.Youmusthavebeenlooking__

__72____tostudyinghere.ItturnsoutthatyouhavemadeitandIfeelreally____73____ofyou.Next,Iwantyoutoknowthatt

hosewho____74____higharemorelikelytosucceed.Soeveryoneofyouwillbegivenawriting____75____towritesomethinginaway____76_

___toyourdream.Don’tbeafraidtowritedownwhatyouwanttodo.Youareexpectedtobeasmuch____77____asyoucan.Then,thenewschoolisanewsocietywhereyouwillfind___

_78____friendsandqualifiedstaff.Youareadvisedtomakemoreattemptstofigureoutwhatdifferenceyoucanmaketothissociety.Don’tbeafraidofm

akingmistakesbecauseafteryou____79____onyourfailures,alotoflessonswillbelearned.Andtheselessonswillalsobebeneficialtoyou_____80_____your

adultlife．Finally,IhopethateveryoneofyouwillbeabletoenjoyyourthreeyearsinABCHighSchool!Direction:Compl

etethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.TheK

ingandtheRoyalTreesA．handsomeB．helplesslyC．asleepD．observedE.removeF.freezinglyG.damageH.contentI.aweJ.pickK.providedTheKinghadafrightfuldream.Hedrea

mtthatwhileridinghishorsethroughtheRoyalForest,thesouthwindcalled:“Mindthefallingtees!Mindthefallingtrees!”Thoughthetreeswerebeautifulandwavedgen

tlyinthewind,theKingwasin____81____.Heturnedhishorseanddashedoutoftheforest.ThenextmorningtheKingorderedhispeopletocutdownallthetree

sinthekingdom.“Wedonotwantthetreestofalldownandhurtourchildren,”hereasoned.“Wewill____82____theforestandgrowvegetablesinstead.”ThepeoplelikedtheKin

g’sidea,fornowtheyhadtheir____83____ofthefinestwoodintheforesttobuildhousesandfurniture.Andtherestofthetreesweresoldat____84____pric

estoneighboringkingdoms.Onceallofthetreeswerecutdown,theKingfelt____85____—andrelieved.Butthepeopleweregloomy.Theym

issedthetrees,whichhad____86____workforloggersandcarpenters,andhomesforbirds.Althoughtheysadlymissedtheirwork,theym

issedthebirdsmostofall.Soonafterthetreesweregone,adrysouthwindbegantoblow.Itblewdayafterday.Thevegetablecropsbegantowitheranddie.People

huddled(蜷缩)____87____intheirhouseswatchingthewinduproottheirgardensandscatterthedeadplantsacrosstheland.TheKingwasworried.Hecalledforh

ishorseandrodethroughthefieldstoinspectthe____88____Therewerenomoretreestobreakthefuryofthewind.Asthewindblewfa

ster,itsweptwitheredplantsandsoilpasttheKing,who____89____dumblyashiskingdomblewnorthward.Lostincloudsofdustanddrifting

sand,fatigueovercametheKing.Nodding_____90_____inthesaddle(马鞍),heheardthesouthwindcall:“Mindthefallingtrees!Mindthefallingtees!”Directions:Fillinea

chblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce,Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．backedB．commonlyC．coverD．cu

stomsE.specialF.majorG.markH.misfortunesI.performedJ.puzzledK.thoroughlyTellingthebees“LondonBridgeisdown”ishowSir

EdwardYoung,Queen’sprivatesecretary,conveyedtheofficialnewsaboutthedeathofQueenElizabethIIonThursday.Asthenewsspreadthroughtheworld,aheadl

ine____91____manyonsocialmedia:“royalbeekeeperhasinformedtheQueen’sbeesthattheQueenhasdied.”Didbeesneedto

betoldabouthumanaffairs?Wouldtheyhaveanysortofopiniononthematter?Butsomebeekeepers,____92____byhistorians,say“tellingthebees”isast

andardpracticethatgoesbackcenturies,withpotentiallyseriousconsequencesifnotfollowed.“It’saveryoldand____93____tradition,butno

tsomethingthat’sverywell-known,”saidMarkNorman,afolkloristandtheauthorofTellingtheBeesandOther____94_

___:TheFolkloreofRuralCrafts.Thetraditionholdsthatbees,asmembersofthefamily,shouldbeinformedof____95____lifeeventsin

thefamily,especiallybirthsanddeaths.Beekeeperswouldknockoneachhive,deliverthenewsandpossibly____96____thehivewithabl

ackclothduringamourningperiod.Thepracticeismore____97____knowninBritainbutisalsofoundintheUnitedStatesandotherpart

sofEurope,Mr.Normansaid.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,itwasbelievedthatneglectingtotellthebeescouldleadtovarious____98____,includingtheird

eathordeparture,orafailuretomakehoney.Nowadays,beekeepersmaybelesslikelytobelievetheyriskbadluck,buttheymaycontinuetofollowth

etraditionas“a____99____ofrespect,”Mr.Normansaid.StephenFleming,abeekeeperfor25yearsandtheco-editorofBe

eCraft,amagazineforBritishbeekeepers,saidheonce_____100_____thetraditionafterafrienddied.Hewenttothefriend’sbees,gentlyknoc

kedonthehivesandtoldthemthenews,hesaid.“ItwasjustsomethingIthoughtmyfriendwouldhaveenjoyed,”headded.Mr.Flemingsaidmostbeekeeperswouldm

ostlikelybeawareofthetradition,butnotasmanywouldpracticeit.“It’sgenerallythoughttobeagoodandnicethingtodo,”hesaid.Directions:Completethe

followingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Today’schildrenareexhausted,andnotjus

tbecauseoneinthreekidsisnotgettingenoughsleep.Sleepdeprivationinkids(whorequireatleastninehoursanight,dependingonage)hasbeenfoundto____101__

__decreaseacademicachievement,lowerintelligencetestscores,slowphysicalgrowth,and____102____tomoodinessandir

ritability.Whiletheargumentforprotectingourchildren’ssleeptimeisconvincing,thereisanotherkindofrestthati

s____103____andbeneficialtoourchildren’sacademic,emotional,andcreativelives:daydreaming.Notallmentaldowntime

(停工休息期)isalike,ofcourse.Downtimespentplayingavideogameorwatchingatelevisionshowmayhaveits____104____,butthekindofdowntimeIa

mtalkingaboutisdifferent.I’mtalkingaboutthekindofmind-wanderingthathappenswhenthebrainisfreeofinterruptionandallowedt

ogetridofthe____105____oftheday.Television,videogames,andotherelectronic____106____preventthiskindofmentalwanderingbecausetheyinterrupt

theflowofthoughtsandmemoriesthat____107____thefoundationofpositive,productivedaydreaming.Thereis,however,anotherwayoflookingatmind

wandering.Fortheindividual,mindwanderingoffersthepossibilityofveryreal,personalreward,someimmediate,somemore____108____.Thesere

wardsincludeself-awareness,memoryconsolidation,futureplanning,simulatingthe____109____ofanotherperson,

evaluatingtheimplicationsofselfandothers’emotionalreactions,moralreasoning.Inotherwords,daydreamingonlyseemslazyfromtheoutside,butviewe

dfromtheinsideorfromtheperspectiveofapsychologist,suchasKaufman,oraneuroscientist,suchasMaryHelen,acomplicatedandextre

mely____110____neurologicalprocessistakingplace.Viewedfromtheinside,ourchildrenareexploringtheonlyspac

ewheretheytrulyhaveautonomy:theirownminds.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthe

reisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．agreementB．awareC．communicatingD．considerE.conflictsF.gapG.recognizeH.reflectionI.sharingJ.thou

ghtfulK.valueThemeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroup.Silencemaybe____111____,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversat

ionmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsm

aybemadetofillevery____112____withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunders

tandingaperson’sneeds.ManynativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartof____113____amongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipe

rsonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneofthesecultureisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimpliedisthatthepersonwantsthelistenerto____114

____whathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallfor____115____.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularl

ywhendealingwith____116____amongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencet

oshow____117____betweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersonina

uthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,personsinAsianculturesmayvi

ewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobe____118____ofthepossiblemeanings

ofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshould____119____theirownpersonalan

dculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehe

aling_____120_____ofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaprop

erwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．improveB．ignoreC．acceptableD．crowdE.desireF.affectG.sec

ondaryH.assignmentI.reduceJ.achieveK.up-to-dateEveryonewantstobethebestHighSchoolstudent.Unlikely,onlyfewtopit.Wa

nttobeoneofthem?Followthesetips,knowthesecretonlythetoppersknow!DreambigYouaretheproductofyourthoughts.Dreambigandhaveahigherpurposetolive.Dreammak

esyou____121____forsomethingnecessaryforyourlife.Itensuresahighlevelofexcitement,andthusyoustayhighlyfocused.Therefore,youshouldbeseriousa

boutdreamingbigand____122____thequalityofyourlife.Findthereasonstogetgoodgrades.Makeyourparentshappyandyourco-matesadmireyou.Donotbeoneamongthe

____123____;trybeingthetoponeabovethecrowd.Dreamingbigmotivatesyouandmakesyou____124____more.DoonetaskatatimeAvoidmultitasking,like

listeningtosongswhiledoingyourhomeworkorwatchingyourfavoritefootballshowwhiledoinga(n)____125____.Doyouthinkyouaresavingyourtime?Butno,y

ouarenot.Multitaskingcan____126____yourproductivityandeffectiveness.Affectingyourworkis____127____,youknowwhat?Multitaskingcan____128____

yourmemoryandreduceyourIQby15points.Donotprocrastinate(拖延)Timeandtidewaitfornone.It’sveryeasytoprocrastinateanditis__

__129____occasionally.However,makingahabitoutofitiswherethingsgowrong.Awarenessanddiligencearethekeystobeexcellentstudentsinhighscho

ol.Beingontimeisthevirtue(美德).Itisalwaysadvisabletocompletetaskswellbeforetime,stay_____130_____,havepreparationforexamsb

eforehand,andstayontopofyourgame.Thereisnoshortcuttoreachyourdream.Stillgettingsuccessfuldoesnotdemandmoreofhardwork.Littlesmartworkca

ndoeverything.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmoret

hanyouneed.A．fitB．practiceC．promisingD．boastE.ingredientsF.disturbedG.evolutionH.excusesI.passingJ.stuckK.honouringTheOriginofTri

ck-or-treatOnOctober31,hordesofchildrenarmedwithJack-o’-lantern-shapedbucketsandpillowcaseswilltaketothestreetsinsearchofsugar.Trick-or-t

reatingforcandyisequivalenttoHalloween,butthetraditionhadtogothroughacenturies-long____131____toarriveattheplaceitistoday.Sohowdidtheholidaybecomeano

pportunityforkidstogetfreesweets?Youcanblamepagans(异教徒),Catholics,andcandycompanies.HistoriansagreethataCelticautumnfestivalcalledSamhain(萨温节)wa

stheoriginofmodernHalloween.Samhainwasatimetocelebratethelastharvestoftheyearandtheapproachofthewinterseason.Itwasalsoafestivalfor____

132____thedead.OnewayCelticsmayhaveappeasedthespiritstheybelievedstillwalkedtheEarthwasbyleavingtreatsontheirdoorsteps.WhenCatholicsinvadedIrelan

dinthe1stcenturyCE,theyrebrandedmanypaganholidaysto____133____theirreligion.November1stbecamethe“feastsofAll

SaintsandAllSouls,”andthedaybeforeitwasdubbed“All-Hallows’-Eve.”ThenewholidayslookedalotdifferentfromtheoriginalCelticfe

stival,butmanytraditions____134____around,includingthepracticeofofferingfoodtothedead.ThefoodofchoiceforChristiansbec

ame“soulcakes,”smallpastriesusuallybakedwithexpensive____135____andspiceslikecurrantsandsaffron.Insteadofleavingthemoutsid

efor____136____ghosts,soulcakesweredistributedtobeggarswhowentdoor-to-door____137____toprayforsoulsofthedeceasedinexchangeforsomethin

gtoeat.Sometimestheyworecostumestohonourthesaints—somethingpagansoriginallydidtoavoidbeing____138____byevilspirits.Theritual

,knownas“souling”,isbelievedtohaveplantedtheseedsformodern-daytrick-or-treating.Itwasn’tuntilthe1950sthattrick

-or-treatgainedpopularityintheUS.FollowingtheGreatDepressionandWorldWarII,thesuburbswerebooming,andpeop

lewerelookingfor____139____tohavefunandgettoknowtheirneighbours.Theold_____140_____ofsoulingmadeacom

ebackandgavekidsachancetodressupincostumesandroamtheirneighbourhoods.Commontrick-or-treatofferingsincludednuts,coins,andhomemadebakedgoods(“treat

s”thatmostkidswouldturntheirnosesupattoday).Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwo

rdcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．ignoredB．coincidentallyC．immoralD．inexpensiveE

.publishedF.casesG.valuesH.changeI.simplyJ.announcedK.honestMoneyistherootofallevilandnewstudyclaimstheremaybesometruthbeh

indthesaying.ScientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,US,____141____onFebruary27thatrichpeoplearemorelik

elytodo____142____things,suchaslieorcheat,thanpoorerpeople.Thescientistsdidaseriesofeightexperiments.They____143

____theirfindingsonlineintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Theycarriedoutthefirsttwoexperimentsf

romthesidewalknearBerkeley.Theynotedthatdriversofnewerandmoreexpensivecarsweremorelikelytocutoffothercarsandpedestriansatcrossw

alks.Nearly45percentofpeopledrivingexpensivecars____144____apedestriancomparedwithonly30percentofpeopled

rivingmore____145____cars.Inanotherexperiment,agroupofcollegestudentswasaskediftheywoulddounethical(不道德的)thingsinv

ariouseverydaysituationsand____146____includedtakingprinterpaperfromworkandnottellingasalespersonwhenheorshegavebackmore____147____.Stud

entsfromhigher-classfamiliesweremorelikelytoactdishonestly.Accordingtothescientists,richpeopleoftenthinkmo

neycangetthemoutoftrouble.Thismakesthemlessafraidtotakerisks.Italsomeanstheycarelessaboutotherpeople’sfeelings.Finally,it____148___

_makesthemgreedier.“Higherwealthstatusseemstomakeyouwantevenmore,andthatincreasedwantleadsyoutobendth

erulesorbreaktherulestoserveyourself-interest,”saidPaulPiff,leadscientistofthestudy.Piffpointedoutthatthefindingsdon’tm

eanthatallrichpeopleareuntrustworthyorallpoorpeople____149____.Hesaidtheexperimentsweretoshowhowpeoplelivingindif

ferentsocialsituationsexpresstheir____150____andinstinctsindifferentways.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Ea

chwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．hikeB．requiresC．hostsD．man-madeE.attractionF.BelongingG.peakH.in

troduceI.romanticJ.fascinatingK.sun-batheTouring“TreasureIsland”ChinesemainlandtouristswillbeabletovisitTaiwanviachartedflight

sinJulyaccordingtotwolandmarkagreementssignedonJune13.So,21stCenturyinvitedtwoyoungTaiwaneseto__151__theirfa

voritesiteontheisland.YangmingMountain,northofTaipeiYoungcouplescandefinitelyenjoya__152__eveningonthemountainandabird’seyeviewofth

eTaipeicity.Collegestudentsoftenvisitthemountainfora__153__:othersridemotorbiketothetop.Themountainandthenearbyt

ownofPei-touhavemanyhotsprings,whichoftenappearinromanticTaiwanTVdramas.AliMountain,JiayiCountyAliMountainisthegeneralnamefor18h

ills.Thehighest__154__ofAliMountainisTowerHill,whichhasaheightof2,663meters.AliMountainisfamousforits“fiveraresites”-thesunrise,theAlim

ountainForestRailway,thefamousAlishanSacredTree,theGrandSeaofCloudsandtheFlamboyantCherryBlossom.Thebesttimetovisitthe__155__sceneryisduringth

ecomfortablemidsummer.Taipei101tower,TaipeiThe101-floorlandmarkisoneoftheworld’stallestcompletedskyscrapers.Besidestheshopsinsideandoutsidethetow

er,Taipei101__156__splendidfireworkshowsduringfestivals.Anew__157__nexttothetowerisunderconstruction

.Itwillbea__158__beachonwhichthepublicwillbepermittedto__159__.Dr.SunYat-sen’sMemorialHallandChiangKai-shekMemorialHall,TaipeiThesquaresin

frontofthesehallsareopenalldaytothepublic.Theyhavebecomeaparadisetocollegesstudents,whooftenmeetthereforanact

ivitythat__160__space.Youwillrunintostudentsdancing,rehearsingskitsorevenplayingmusicalinstruments.Directi

ons:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonew

ordmorethanyouneed.A．publicB．inadequateC．loweredD．releasedE.disappointmentF.castingG.possibilityH.objectiveI.desp

eratelyJ.balanceK.comparedWhyAren’tWomenHappier?Whyaren’twomenhappierthesedays?That’sthequestionraisedbyathoug

ht-provokingstudy,TheParadoxofDecliningFemaleHappiness,___161___lastmonth.Theresearchshowedthatoverthepast35yearswomen’shappinesshasdeclined,both___1

62___tothepastandrelativetomeneventhoughthelivesofwomenintheUShaveimprovedinrecentdecadesbymost___163___measures.Theresearch,byUniversityofPenns

ylvaniaeconomistsStevensonandWolfers,andmade___164___bytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch,foundthedecl

ineinhappinesstobewidespreadamongwomenacrossavarietyofdemographic(人口统计)groups.Theresearchers,forinstance,m

easuredsimilardeclinesinhappinessamongwomenwhoweresingleparentsandmarriedparents,“___165___doubtonthehypothesis(假设)t

hattrendsinmarriageanddivorce,singleparenthoodorwork/family___166___areattherootofthehappinessdeclinesamongwomen,”theywrote.Oneth

eoryforthedeclineinhappinessisthatexpectationsforworkplaceandgeneraladvancementwereraisedtoohighbythewomen’smovementandwomenmightfeel___167___forno

t“havingitall,”asaLosAngelesTimescolumnistrecentlyputit.Theresearchersacknowledgethat’sa___168___:“Ifthewomen’smovementraisedwomen’se

xpectationsfasterthansocietywasabletomeetthem,”thepapersays,“theywouldbemorelikelytoexperience___169___in

theirlives.”Buttheyaddthingscouldchangeforthebetter:“Aswomen’sexpectationsmoveintoadjustmentwiththeirexperien

ces,thisdeclineinhappinessmayreverse.”Readers,whydoyouthinkwomenareunhappierthaninthepast?Doyouthinkthatifexpectationsfor“havingitall”were___170__

_to“moveintoadjustmentwithexperiences,”womenmightbehappier?Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordconon

lybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．virtuallyB．swiftlyC．avoidingD．appealE.feasibleF.imposedG

.reducingH.releasedI.limitedJ.fuelK.authorityItsoundslikeascience-fictionnightmare.But“killerrobots”havethelike

sofBritishscientistStephenHawkingandAppleco-founderSteveWozniakwarningthemachinescould____171____ethniccleans

ings(种族清洗)andanarmsrace.Autonomousweapons,whichuseartificialintelligencetoselecttargetswithouthumaninterventionhavebeendescribedas“

thethirdrevolutioninwarfare,aftergunpowderandnucleararms,”about1,000teachscientistswroteinanopenletteronJuly28

,2015.Unlikedrones,whichrequireahumanhandintheiraction,thiskindofrobotwouldhavesomeautonomousdecision-makingabilities

andthecapacitytoactonitsown____172____.“ThekeyquestionforhumanitytodayiswhethertostartaglobalAI(artificialin

telligence)armsraceortopreventitfromstarting,”theywrote.“IfanymajormilitarypowerpushesaheadwithAIweapondevelopment,aglobalar

msraceis____173____inevitable,”saidtheletter____174____attheopeningofthe2015InternationalJointconferenceonArtificialintelligenceinBuenos

Aires.Theideaofanautomatedkillingmachine,madefamousbyAmoldSchwarzenegger’sTerminator,ismoving____175

____fromsciencefictiontoreality,accordingtothescientists.“Theorganizationofsuchsystemsis—practicallyifnotlegally—____1

76____withinyears,notdecades,”thelettersaid.Thedevelopmentofsuchweapons,whilepotentially____177____theextentofbattlefieldinjuries,mig

htalsolowerthenecessityforgoingtobattle,notedthescientists.Thescientistspaintedaterriblescenarioinwhichautonomousweaponsfallintothehandsofterrori

sts,dictatorsorwarlordshopingtocarryoutethniccleansings.Thegroupconcludedwitha(n)____178____fora“banonoffensi

veautonomousweaponsbeyondmeaningfulhumancontrol.”Ina2014BBCinterview,Howkingsaidthedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldspellthee

ndofthehumanrace.“Itwouldtakeoffonitsown,andre-designitselfataneverincreasingrate.Humans,whoare____179____byslowbiologicalevolution,couldn’tcomp

ete,andwouldbereplaced,”hesaid.Authoritiesaregraduallywakinguptotheriskofrobotwars.LastMay,theUSgovernment____180____a10-yearhumancon

trolrequirementonautomatedweapons.Forthefirsttime,theUnitedNationsbroughtgovernmentstogethertobegintal

ksonso-calledfatalautonomousweaponssystemsthatcanselecttargetsandcarryoutattackswithoutdirecthumanintervention.Dire

ctions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcononlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewo

rdmorethanyouneed.A．sufferingB．intensiveC．demandingD．adoptingE.inactiveF.adaptingG.availableH.guaranteeI.distinctiveJ.disco

uragingK.distinctHealthanddietInrecentcars,manyAsiancountrieshavenoticedaworryingnewproblem:obesity,whichisalsoveryseriousinChina.

MorethanathirdofChineseadultsareoverweight.EvenmoreworryingisthelevelofobesityamongChinesechildren.It

isestimatedthatthenumberofchildreninChina____181____fromobesityisincreasingby10%everyyear.Therearemanyreason

sforthissituation.Thesimplestexplanationisthatfoodisnow____182____ingreaterquantitiesthaneverbefore.Also,Chinesesocietyischangingandpeo

pleare____183____newkindsoflifestyle.TherehasbeenaninfluxofWesternstylefastfoodlikehamburgersandfriedchicken.T

hesefoodscontainalotofcalorieandareamajorcauseofobesity.Inaddition,manychildreninChinaspendtoomuchtim

einfrontofTVsorcomputers.Tomakethingsworse,millionsoffamiliesdrivearoundinsteadofcyclingorwalking.This____

184____lifestyleisanotherreasonforheavierpeople.Increasingobesityisworryingformanyreasons.Theconditioncanleadtoserioushealthproblems,includingincre

asedriskofheartdiseaseandevendiabetes.Dealingwiththeirhealthproblemsseemsreallycostlyand____185____,thusaffectingpeople’lifenegati

vely.ThegovernmentinChinaistakingactiontodealwithobesity,however.Inmanyprimaryandmiddleschools,youngstudentsarereceivinglowcalorieluncheswithmo

revegetablesandlessmeatandfat.Also,parentsare____186____childrenfromwatchingTVandplayingcomputergames.Insomebigcities

,therearealso“fatcamps”whereseriouslyobesechildrenreceive____187____training,aimingatlosingextrafat.Itisnot____1

88____ifthesemeasureswillbeenoughtoslowdownorstoptheobesitytrendinChina.Itisclear,though,whatwearedoingno

wistoguidepeoplein____189____tohealthierandmoreactivelifestyle.Itisthe____190____oftheriseintheindexofpeople’shappin

ess.选用适当的单词或短语补全短文。A．declinedB．eventuallyC．floodedD．handmadeE.producerF.profitG.remainedH.rulerI.shareL.stressfulK.typicallyIntheearly19

thcentury,Egyptconnectedtwovastregions:theOttomanEmpire(奥斯曼帝国)andtheAfricancontinent.Forcenturies,theOttomanEmpirehadbeenatthecenterofEurasiantra

de.Ithadalsobeenamajorcenterofmanufacturingwhichproduced____191____goodsforEuropeandAfrica.However,theindustrializationofEuropemeantthatcheapergoods

madebymachinessoon____192____intotheOttomanEmpire.TheresultofthiscompetitionwasthatAfricawasincreasinglyseenasaplacethatp

rovidednewmaterialsforEuropeanfactories,ratherthanonethathadfactoriesofitsown.EgyptwasanAfricancountrythatwas

technicallypartoftheOttomanEmpire.ItwasfirstinvadedbytheFrencharmy.WithBritishhelp,theOttomanforcesdrovetheFrenchoutofEgypt.Followingt

his,MuhammadAlisuccessfullybroughtaboutEgyptianindependencefromtheOttomanEmpire.By1831,hewaseffectivelyanindep

endent____193____ofamoremodernEgypt.Egyptwasalreadyasmall-scale____194____ofcotton,whichwassoldtoBritain.Aliencouragedevenmorecottonproductionnation

wide.Withthemoneyfromthiscottonproduction,Ali’sgovernmentbegantoaidfactoriessothatthecountrycould____195____fromitsownindustrialization.Bythelate

1840s,itlookedlikeEgyptwould____196____becomeanindustrialpower.However,Egypt’seconomyslowly____197____.Thefactoriesstoppedproduction

,andbythe1880s,ithadtoborrowmoneyfromBritain.ThoughEgypt____198____formallyindependent,itseemedtobemorelikeaBritishcolony

(殖民地).EuropeanskeptinterferinginEgyptpartlybecauseoftheSuezCanal(苏伊士运河).Egypt’snewleaderswerealready____199____becauseoftheindustrialcolla

psethatlefttheircountryunabletorepaythemoneyborrowedfromBritain.Finally,in1875,thekingsoldhis____200____intheSuezCanalCompanytotheBritish

,givingthemcontrolofthisimportantnationalresource.ThepowerfulBritishtookadvantageofthisinstabilityandseizedthecountry.