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40分阅读限时练(八)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2019·贵阳市期末监测]InSingapore,arti

smorethanwhatmeetstheeye.Galleriesandmuseumsherearenotjustplacestobeinspired,butalsohomestodistinctivesouveni

rs.Takehomewell-designedpiecesthatreflectyourpersonality.SingaporeTylerPrintInstitute(STPI)41RobertsonQuay,Singapore238236.＋6563363663.Mon.－Fri.10a．

m.－7p．m.;Sat.9a．m.－6p．m.STPIisaspaceforexperimentationofprintandpaper.Walkthroughthegalleryandjoinotherartloversindevelopinganap

preciationofprintandpaperartpractice.STPIallowsyoutoownapieceoftheworkproducedbyartistsatthegalleryworkshops.RedDotDesignMuseum(RDDM)11MarinaBoul

evard,Singapore018940.＋6565140111.Mon.－Thur.10a．m.－8p．m.;Fri.－Sun.10a．m.－11p．m.Fromlightingtoparasol(阳伞),theRedDotDesignMuseumpresents

award-winningproductsanddesignconceptsfromover30countries.HeadtotheDesignMuseumShop,therearemanyinterestingdesignobjectsandcollections

sourcedfromallovertheworld.NationalGallerySingapore(NGS)1St.Andrew'sRd,Singapore178957.＋6562717000.Mon.－Thur.,Sat.－Sun.10a．m.－7p．m.;Fri.10

a．m.－9p．m.NGSoccupiestwomajorlandmarks—theformerSupremeCourtandCityHall—andfeaturesover8,000artworks,whichisthelargestpublicdis

playofmodernSoutheastAsianartandculture.Itisalsoahometoahostofinternationalexhibitionsthathaveinspiredtheworldandwillberememberedforyearstocome.Singa

porePhilatelicMuseum(SPM)23-BColemanStreet,Singapore179807.＋6563373888.Daily10a．m.－7p．m..Fascinatedbystamps?SPMfeaturesposta

gestampsdatingallthewaybackfromthe1830s.Enjoythisvibrantmuseum'sin-depthpresentationoflocalandinternationalpostalhistory

.SendSingapore-inspiredpostcardsorcollectminiaturepostboxesfromSingaporeandaroundtheworld.Charmingsouvenirsatthemuseumstor

ewillmakecreativedecorationsforyourhomeoroffice.体裁：应用文题材：广告主题：新加坡的四个画廊和博物馆【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新加坡的四个画廊和博物馆，具体介绍了其地址、电话、开放时间、服务特色等。【难句分析】I

tisalsoahometoahostofinternationalexhibitionsthathaveinspiredtheworldandwillberememberedforyearstocome.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“thathaveinspired

theworldandwillberememberedforyearstocome”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“internationalexhibitions”，that在从句中作主语。译文：它也是许多国

际展览的举办地，这些展览鼓舞了世界，并将在未来的岁月中为人们所铭记。1．WhichnumberisavailableifyouhaveanyquestiononRedDotDesignMuseum?A．＋6563363663.B．＋6565140111.C．＋6562717

000.D．＋6563373888.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“RedDotDesignMuseum”定位至RedDotDesignMuseum(RDDM)部分。根据该部分中的＋6565140111可知选B项。2．Whichofthefollowingisth

eaddressofNationalGallerySingapore?A．41RobertsonQuay,Singapore238236.B．11MarinaBoulevard,Singapore018940.C．1St

.Andrew'sRd,Singapore178957.D．23-BColemanStreet,Singapore179807.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“NationalGallerySingapore”定

位至NationalGallerySingapore(NGS)部分，根据该部分中的“1St.Andrew'sRd,Singapore178957”可知选C项。3．Wherecanyougoifyouarefondofstamps?A．SingaporeTyle

rPrintInstitute.B．RedDotDesignMuseum.C．NationalGallerySingapore.D．SingaporePhilatelicMuseum.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据题干中的关键词“stamps”定位至SingaporePhilatelicMuse

um(SPM)部分，根据该部分中的“SPMfeaturespostagestampsdatingallthewaybackfromthe1830s”可推知，喜欢邮票的人可以去SingaporePhilatelicMuseum，故D项正确。B[

2019·九江二模]IwenttoaNewYorkMetsfantasycampin1995,anincredibleexperience.IwasfortunatetobeonateamwhosepitchingcoachwasMelStottlemyre,theforme

rYankeesstarpitcher(投手)andMetsandYankeescoach.IwasupsetwhenMeldiedofcanceronJan.13,2018,attheageof77.Hew

aswarm,friendlyandtreatedusasifweweremajorleagues.HeaskedmewhetherIwouldliketopitchandshowedmehowtothrowa“two-seamer，”afastballthatte

ndstosink,aswellasastraightfour-seamfastball.Iknewthatpitchingwasnotforme.Atage45,myexperienceinorganizingbaseballwaslimitedtoa

coupleofyearsinLittleLeagueintheBronx,andsoftballgamesasanadult.MeleventuallylefttheMetsandbecamethepitchingcoachfortheYankees.Ifollowe

dhiscareerandknewabouthisdiagnosis(诊断)ofmultiplemyeloma,abloodcancer,inApril2000,andastemcelltransplant.I

nthesummerof2002,IwasdiagnosedasmultiplemyelomaandwastoldthatIneededastem-celltransplantbythesamegroupofdoctorsatMemorialSloanKetteri

ngCancerCenterthathadtreatedMel.Thisshockedme,andfrankly,Ibecamequitedepressed.IvowedthatsomehowIwouldtry

tospeaktoMel.Oneday,myphonerang.MelwascallingfromtheYankees'lockerroom.Iaskedhimtotellmeeverythingabouthistreatment.Hespent30minutesgene

rouslyexplainingallthedetails.Ihungoneveryword.Hetoldmehowwellhewasfeelingandendedtheconversationbygivingmehi

shomephonenumber!“Ifeelgreat,andI'mnotretiring，”hetoldme.Thisincredibleexperienceliftedmyspirits.EverytimeIsawMelduringgamesonTVas

Iawaitedmytransplant,Irepeatedtomyself,“LookatMel.Ifhecandoit,socanI．”体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：教练的乐观精神鼓励“我”战胜病魔【语篇解读】文章叙述了作者在参加度假营时遇到了对

他影响深远的投球教练，后来在教练的乐观精神的鼓励下战胜病魔，克服困难。4．WhydidtheauthorsayhewasluckyinParagraph1?A．Hejoinedafamousteam.B．Hemetanunusualcoa

ch.C．Hewassuccessfullycured.D．Hewaschosenasapitcher.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Iwasfortunatetobeonateamwhosepi

tchingcoachwasMelStottlemyre,theformerYankeesstarpitcherandMetsandYankeescoach”和第二段中的“Hewaswarm，friendly”以及最后一段内容可知，作者认为自己遇到了一个难得的好教练，为此感到很幸运，故

选B项。5．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hewasnotskilledinpitching.B．Hewasagoodbaseballplayer.C．HecalledMelforhistreatment.D．HeforgotwhatMelhadtoldhim.答案与

解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Iknewthatpitchingwasnotforme.”可知，作者不擅长投球，故选A项。根据倒数第二段中的“Oneday，myphonerang.Melwascalling...”可知，是教练打电话给作者，排除C项；根据倒数第二段中的

“Ihungoneveryword.”可知，作者一字不漏地聆听教练的话，每句话都记在心里，排除D项。6．HowoldwasMelwhenhewasdiagnosedasmultiplemyeloma?A．23.B．45.C．59.D．61.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Iw

asupsetwhen...onJan.13,2018,attheageof77.”和第二段最后一句“Ifollowedhiscareerandknewabouthisdiagnosisofmultiplemyeloma,...inApril2000...”可知，教练2018年是77岁

，被诊断出多发性骨髓瘤时是2000年，也就是59岁时被诊断出了疾病，故选C项。7．Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheSkillsTaughtbyMyFormerCoachB．TheTransplantGivenb

ytheSameDoctorsC．MyBaseballTeamHelpingMeOutD．MyCoach'sSpiritsShiningonMe答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。根据最后一段可知，教练的经历振奋了作者的情绪，每一次他等待移植手术时，在电视比赛中看到教练，他都会跟自己说“如果他

能做到，我也能做到”，所以是教练的精神鼓励着作者战胜病魔，故选D项。C[2019·湖南六校联考]Notonlydoestheuseofplasticwaterbottleshurtyourwallet,italsoincreasespollutionandwastesenergyandwat

er.Only23%ofallplasticinAmericaendsupinarecyclingbin,meaningover$1billionworthofplasticistreatedasrubbishayear.Recently,SkippingRocksLab

hasinventedakindofwaterbottlecalledOoho.Itisaconvenient,clearwaterbottlethatcaneitherbedrunkoreaten.Todrinkit,youcaneitherpeeloffthemembrane(薄膜

)ortearaholeinthemembranewithyourteethtopourthewaterintoyourmouth.Toeatit,yousimplyputthewholebottleinyourmout

h.OneproblemthescientistshaverunintoishowtoshiplotsofOohobubbleswithoutarrivingwithaverywettruck.However,theyhaveattemptedtopackageunitsofind

ividualbubblestogetherinsidealargerandthickermembrane.Itistargetinglargeoutdooreventssuchasmarathons,musicfe

stivals,andsportingevents,wheretonsofplasticbottlesareused,andfrequentlyleftbehindaslitter.Andtoomuchplasticissur

etodoharmtotheenvironment,whichcouldaccountfortheirpurposeofsuchanewinvention.Theteamhasbeenworkingforthepastt

woyearstodevelopthetechnologyandmaterialsneededtoproduceOoho;theyhaverecentlyappliedforapatentfortheirnewadvanceme

nt.Thepriceforanindividualbubbleoraunitofbubbleshasnotbeensetyet,buttheycostabouttwocentstocreateaunit,whichischeaperth

anplasticbottles.IthasappearedateventsinLondon,SanFrancisco,Boston,atconferences,festivals,andsoon.Oohoiscatchingmanypeople'sattentionandhasraisedov

er$1millionandgained1,000investorsinonlythreedays.Itismostlybeingsoldateventsatthemomenttokeeptheconsumer'sinterestwhentheproductionmachineisrunning.

Itisquicklymakingarise,sokeepaneyeoutthisyearforthesebottlesofthefuture.体裁：说明文题材：环境保护主题：可以食用的包装材料Ooho

。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪费金钱，还造成环境污染，SkippingRocksLab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho。本文介绍了Ooho的食用方法，运输方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市场前景。【难句分析】Itistargetinglargeoutdooreve

ntssuchasmarathons,musicfestivals,andsportingevents,wheretonsofplasticbottlesareused,andfrequentlyleftbehindaslitter.分析：该句为主从复合句，句中“whereton

sofplasticbottlesareused,andfrequentlyleftbehindaslitter”为where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“outdoorevents”，where在从句中作地点状语。译文：该产品是针对诸如马拉松、音乐节和体育赛事等大型户外活动而发明的

，在这些活动中，会用数吨塑料瓶，且这些塑料瓶经常被当作垃圾扔下。【背景知识】Ooho是一种由海藻基膜制成的可生物降解的水包，主要用于马拉松参赛者补充水分。参赛者既可以咬破Ooho的边缘喝水，也可以将之整个吃掉。它同时具备可食用性和生物可降

解性，不会对环境造成太大的负担。8．HowismostplasticdealtwithinAmerica?A．It'ssold.B．It'srecycled.C．It'sburied.D．It'swasted.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Only23%ofallplastici

nAmericaendsupinarecyclingbin,meaningover$1billionworthofplasticistreatedasrubbishayear”可知，在美国只有23%的塑料最终回到回收站，这意味着价值超过10亿美元的塑料

被视为垃圾。据此可知，在美国，大部分塑料被当成垃圾处理了，故D项正确。9．WhydidtheteaminventOoho?A．Tomakeaprofitforacompany.B．Toprotecttheenvironment.C．Tomakepeo

pleeatastheydrink.D．Toreducethecostoftheplasticbottle.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“Andtoomuchplasticissuretod

oharmtotheenvironment,whichcouldaccountfortheirpurposeofsuchanewinvention”可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了环境，故SkippingRocksLab

发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho，故B项正确。10．WhatcanweinferaboutOohofromthetext?A．Itiseasyandsafetoshipitinlargeamounts.B．Ithasbec

omepopularsinceitbegantobesold.C．Itmightbesoldatalowerpricethanplasticbottles.D．Itcosttheteamalotofmoneytodevelopth

etechnology.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句“Thepriceforanindividualbubbleoraunitofbubbleshasnotbeensetyet,buttheycostabouttwocentstocre

ateaunit,whichischeaperthanplasticbottles”可知，该产品的制造成本比塑料瓶低；据此可推知，该产品的售价也可能比塑料瓶低，故C项正确。11．Whatdoestheauthorreallywanttosayinthelastparagraph?A．O

ohoistobeasuccessinthefuture.B．Oohoisbeingsupportedbysmartpeople.C．Oohoistakingtheplaceofplasticbottlesnow.D．Oohoisbeingproducedtoattr

actmoreinvestors.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据尾段第一句“Oohoiscatchingmanypeople'sattentionandhasraisedover$1millionandgained1,000investorsinonlythreedays.

”可知，Ooho吸引了很多人的注意，在三天时间内就得到了1000位投资者的关注，筹集到100多万美元；再结合最后一句“Itisquicklymakingarise,sokeepaneyeoutthisye

arforthesebottlesofthefuture.”可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是，在未来Ooho一定能获得成功，故A项正确。D[2019·绵阳市诊断]We'veallhadtheexperienceofwantingto

getaprojectdonebutputtingitofftoalaterdate.Sowhydowedelaythings?Arewebuilttooperatethiswayatsometimes?Thesequestionsarecentraltomyr

esearchongoalpursuit(追求).Itallstartswithasimplechoicebetweenworkingnowonagivenprojectanddoinganythingelse.Thedecisionto

workonsomethingisdrivenbyhowmuchwevalueaccomplishingtheprojectinthatmoment—whatpsychologistscallitssubjectivevalue.Anddelay,inpsychologicalter

ms,iswhathappenswhenthevalueofdoingsomethingelseoutweighsthevalueofworkingnow.Thiswayofthinkingsuggestsasimpletricktodefeatdelay.For

example,insteadofcleaningmyhouse,Imighttrytofocusonwhygradingpapersispersonallyimportanttome.It'ssimpleadvice,butsticking

tothisstrategy(策略)canbequitedifficult.Peoplearenotentirelywiseinthewaytheyvaluethings.Forexample,adollarbillisworthexactl

ythesametodayasitisaweekfromnow,butitssubjectivevalue—roughlyhowgooditwouldfeeltoownadollar—dependsonotherfactorsbesidesitsfacevalue,suc

haswhenwereceiveit.Thetendencyforpeopletodevaluemoneyandothergoodsbasedontimeiscalleddelaydiscounting.Forexample,receiving$100threemonthsfromnowi

sworththesametopeopleasreceiving$83rightnow.Peoplewouldratherlose$17thanwaitafewmonthstogetalargerreward.Gettingsomethingdoneisadela

yedreward,soitsvalueinthepresentisreduced:thefurtherawaythedeadlineis,thelessattractiveitseemstoworkontheprojectrightnow.Thetendencytodelay

thingscloselyfollowseconomicmodelsofdelaydiscounting.Onewaytomanageitistomakethefinishlineseemcloser.Forexamp

le,vividlyimaginingafuturerewardreducesdelaydiscounting.体裁：议论文题材：社会生活主题：拖延【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，作者在文中主要分析了拖延的原因以及应对办法。12．Whichof

thefollowingbestexplains“outweighs”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Isequalto.B．Isgreaterthan.C．Isinvolvedin.D．Iscentralto.答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。根据本段内容可知，要去做某件事的决

定是被我们在那一刻完成计划的评估驱动的——心理学家称其为某件事的“主观价值”。而拖延从心理学的角度讲，就是当做别的事情的价值大于即刻就工作的价值时发生的情况，故选B。13．Whatshouldwedotoovercomedelayinthe

author'sopinion?A．Avoidsettingadeadlinetoostrictly.B．Considerdoingnothingtemporarily.C．Increasethesubjectivevalueofworkingnow.D．Realizegrea

tfunofworkingimmediately.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thedecisiontoworkonsomethingisdrivenbyhowmuchwevalueacc

omplishingtheprojectinthatmoment—whatpsychologistscallitssubjectivevalue.Anddelay,inpsychologicalterms,iswhathappenswhenthevalue

ofdoingsomethingelseoutweighsthevalueofworkingnow”可知，作者认为人们之所以会拖延是因为他们对完成当前工作任务的主观价值评估较低；再结合第三段的内容可推知，人们可以通过提高对自己完成当前工作任务的主观价值评估来克服拖延，故选C。14．W

hichproverbcanbestsummarizethetheoryofdelaydiscounting?A．Timeandtidewaitfornoman.B．Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.

C．Oneofthesedaysisnoneofthesedays.D．Don'tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Thete

ndency...receiving$100threemonthsfromnowisworththesametopeopleasreceiving$83rightnow.Peoplewouldratherlose$17thanwaitafewmonthstoge

talargerreward”可知，人们给事物评估的方式并非完全是理性的，人们基于时间(流逝)评估钱和其他货品贬值的趋势称为“延迟折扣”，比如人们宁愿要马上就能拿到手的83美元，也不要3个月后才给的100美元。这都强调

了在延迟折扣的理论中，人们更看重眼前利益，故B项Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush“一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林”符合题干要求。15．Whatissuggestedtodealwithdelaydiscountin

g?A．Askingfornothinginreturn.B．Loweringourhighexpectations.C．Searchingforinstantsatisfaction.D．Makingfuturerewardsmorei

nviting.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是最后两句“Onewaytomanageitistomakethefinishlineseemcloser.Forexample,vividlyimaginingafutu

rerewardreducesdelaydiscounting”可知，作者认为应对拖延的一种方式就是让终点线看上去更近。比如说，生动地想象未来的奖赏会减少延迟折扣，故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内

容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2019·成都诊断]Fromsportsteamstomoviecharacters,welovesupportingtheweak.Whilethat'sinspiringforafilmoras

tory,itcanbehardtoremainpositivewhenyou'reexperiencingastruggle.It'ssaidthatwhatismostpersonalismostuniversal.__1__H

erearesomeimportantreasonswhyyoushouldshareyourstoryofstruggles.Youcanshinealightforothers.__2__Sometimes,that's

allsomeoneneedstogetthroughadifficulttime.Youcanhelpevenmorebyapplyingideasandsolutionscreativelytotheirownproblems

.__3__It'suncomfortabletoadmittoothersyourfailures,strugglesorothermomentsofweakness.That'strueforeveryone,yetopeningyoursel

fuptomomentsofweaknessissurprisinglysatisfying.Itrequirescourageandbeingcourageousrequirespractice.Peoplewillsupportyou.__4__Wealldo.Sowhynots

harethewaysyou'vefacedgreatdifficultyandbouncedback?Ifnooneknowsyourstrugglesthenthey'llneverknowtocheerforyouorwhatyou'veove

rcometoreachwhereyouaretoday.Anothergreataspectofsharingyourstoryisthatithelpsyourememberthelessonyoulearned.__5__Understandingwhathappenedand

howyouhandledsituationscanprovideyouwiththewaysclearlyonhowtodothingsbetterandmoveforward.Youcanalsosharekeyexperiencealongsid

eyourstorysootherscanlearn,too.A．Ithelpsyoufindyourvoice.B．Youloveagoodcomebackstory.C．Itallowsyoutopracticecou

rage.D．Youcanobjectivelyanalyzeyourownpast.E．That'swhyyourstorycanbringmuchvalue.F．Beopenwiththeworldaboutthego

odandthebad.G．Sharingyourstorywillhelpthemrealizetheyaren'talone.体裁：说明文题材：社会生活主题：分享奋斗故事【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了与

他人分享你的奋斗故事的原因。1．答案与解析：E承接上文“It'ssaidthatwhatismostpersonalismostuniversal”，并与下文“Herearesomeimportantreasonswhyyoushouldshareyourstoryofstruggl

es”相呼应可推知，E项“这就是你的故事能带来很多价值的原因”符合语境，所以选E项。2．答案与解析：G根据下文“Sometimes,that'sallsomeoneneedstogetthroughadifficulttime”，并结合上文“Youcanshinealigh

tforothers”可推知，分享你的故事有助于他人产生共鸣，所以选G项。3．答案与解析：C根据下文中的“Itrequirescourageandbeingcourageousrequirespractice”可推知，本段主要讲述的是分享你的故事有助于加强自己

的勇气，所以选C项。4．答案与解析：B根据下文“Wealldo.Sowhynotsharethewaysyou'vefacedgreatdifficultyandbouncedback？”可推知，人们都喜欢东山再起的故事，所

以不如将你身处重重困难却能重整旗鼓的方法分享给别人，所以选B项。5．答案与解析：D根据下文“Understandingwhathappenedandhowyouhandledsituationscanprovideyouwiththewaysclearly

onhowtodothingsbetterandmoveforward”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客观地分析自己的过去，从而总结经验、吸取教训，所以选D项。