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1“四省八校”2021届高三第一学期开学考试英语注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共150分，共4页。2.全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫

米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，

满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidth

emanthinkofthereceptionlastnight?A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Interesting2.Howdidthewomancometomeettheman?A.Bycarandbysubway.B.Bysubwayandonfoot.C.

Bybusandonfoot.3.Whendidtheman’sauntcome?A.Onthe13th.B.Onthe15th.C.Onthe17th.4.Whyisthemanhere?A.Tocollectthepapers.B.Tomeetacustomer.C.To

signthecontracts.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whentowatertheplant.B.WhatplanttogrowC.Whichflowerstoremove.第二节（共15小

题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读

两遍。2听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whenisthewomanavailableforvacation?A.InAugust.B.InSeptember.C.InOctober.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthes

peakers?A.Couple.B.Colleagues.C.Strangers.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Havesomefood.B.Showhis

ID.C.Lookforhisboardingpass.9.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Awaitress.B.Astewardess.C.Anairportstaff.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。1

0.Whodoesthemanthinkisthemostqualified?A.Amy.B.Cameron.C.Hector.11.WhatisthewomanunsatisfiedwithKarine?A.Herlanguage

ability.B.Herlittleenthusiasm.C.Herlackofconfidence.12.Whoexpectsthehighestsalary?A.Karine.B.Hector.C.Cameron.听第9段材料，回答第13

至16题。13.WhatisnotarequirementfortheFBTAwardapplication?A.Nationality.B.Grade.C.Age.14.WhatdoesthemanneedtodobeforeJune?A.Finishtheexams.B.Providet

hereferenceC.Submittheapplication.15.HowmanypeoplecanwintheBisikerAwardeveryyear?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.16.Whatdoesthewomanstress

atlast?A.Theapplicationshouldheneat.B.Thesummaryshouldbelong.C.Thepersonaldetailsshouldbereal请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatcanvisitorsdofirstnear

themaingate?A.Seethebands.B.Attendthebookfair.C.Watchthefootballmatch.318.Whoisthethirdgatefor?A.Booksellers.B.Folksingers.C.

Craftexhibitors.19.WhatisontheleftoftheI-building?A.Theinformationcenter.B.Therestaurant.C.Theexhibitioncen

ter.20.Whatcanlistenersdowiththeyellowticket?A.Parkforfree.B.Storetheitems.C.Collecttheequipment.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文

，从所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。ANationalSpaceCenter,LeicesterAninteractivemuseumofsuper-sizespaceexperiences:fromagiant

planetEarthyoucantouchtotheUK’sbiggestdomedplanetarium(穹顶天文台)anda42-meterrockettower.Youcan’tmissthelatterasyoudriveintoLeicester—thestru

cturelookslikeit’swrappedingiantinflatablepillows.Inside,ithousesBlueStreakandThorAblerockets.Takeinthefullsca

leofthembyridingaglass-sidedliftuptotheviewingplatform.Elsewhere,therearesixgallerieswithplentyofbuttonstopressandscreenstotouch.It’sallunderco

versoit’sagoodplacetovisitonarainyday!Whataboutlunch?TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks

(hotdogfrom￡4.95,plusjacketpotatoes,soups,sandwichesandsalads)atthefootofthecenter’stworocketsThecafeoffersveget

arianandveganoptionstoo.GettingthereThereisaregularbusservice(No.54withastoptwominutes’walkfromthecenter,aswellasaparkandrideservicefrom

Birstall.EastMidlandsTrainsandCross-CountryTrainsoperateservicestoLeicesterstation,fromwhichthecenterisa25-minutebusride.Ifdriving,it’sjustofftheA

6,northofthecitycenter.Parkingis￡3fortheday.ValueformoneyIt’snotcheap-adult:￡15,5to16-year-olds:￡12,butonceyou’vepaidyoucanre

visitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunderfive.Openinghours10am—4pmMondaytoFriday,10a

m—5pmweekendsandschoolholidays.41.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbefoundwhenyouvisittheNationalSpaceCenter?A.Ab

iginflatablepillow.B.Adomedplanetarium.C.TheBoostersCafe.D.Ahighrockettower.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEac

cordingtothearticle?A.VisitorscanarriveattheentrancetothecenterbyonlytakingtheNo.54bus.B.Ittakesvisitors25minutest

ogettothecenterfromLeicesterstationbyridingabike.C.Snacksanddrinksareservedatreasonableprices.D.Althoughtheparki

ngfeeisreasonable,therearelimitedparkinglots.3.Ifacouplewanttotaketheirdaughteraprimaryschoolstudent,and15-year-oldsontothespacecenter,howmuchw

illtheyspendonthetickets?A.￡45.B.￡57.C.￡42.D.￡54【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章对于参观莱斯特国家航天中心的游览项目、午餐、到达方式、门票价格以及

开放时间进行了介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Youcan’tmissthelatterasyoudriveintoLeicester—thestructurelookslikeit’swrappedingiantinflatablepillows

.（当你开车进入莱斯特时，你绝对不会错过后者——这座建筑看起来像是被巨大的充气枕头包裹着）可知这里是在描述建筑物的外观像是被巨大的充气枕头包裹着，而不是在国家航天中心可以看到一个巨大的充气枕头。所以当你参观国家航天中

心时，“一个大的充气枕头”是找不到的。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Whataboutlunch?部分TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks（Boosters咖啡馆提供

价格合理的冷热小吃和饮料）可知C选项“小吃和饮料价格合理”表述正确。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Valueformoney部分It’snotcheap-adult:￡15,5to16-year-olds:￡12,butonceyou’

vepaidyoucanrevisitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunderfive.（这并不便宜——成人：15英镑，5至16岁的孩子：12英镑，但一

旦你付了钱，你可以在一年内任意多次重访，5岁以下的儿童免费入场）可知如果一对夫妇想带着女儿一个小学生，和15岁的儿子去太空中心，他们需要买票花费：15+15+12+12=54。故选D。B5Thedecisio

nonTuesdaybyJapanandtheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)topostponetheTokyo2020OlympicGamesuntilnextsummerbecauseofthenovelcoronavir

uspandemicmusthavebeenahardonetomake.AlthoughtheGameshavebeencanceled—threetimesinall,in1916,1940and

1944—duetothetwoworldwarsinthemodernOlympics’historyofmorethan120years,neverbeforehaveanyGamesbeenpostponedtoadifferentyea

r.Nonetheless,thedecisionistherightone.Ifitisnotbroughtundercontrol,theharmdonetohumansocietybythepandemiccouldb

emoreseriousandfar-reachingthaneventhetwoworldwars.Giventhenumberofcountriesaffectedandsocialandeconomicshockwavesthathavebee

ncausedbytherapidspreadofthevirus,postponingtheGamesistheonlyrightandsensiblechoicetomake.Afterall,nothingismoreimportantthanpeople’slives.Postpo

ningtheGamesnotonlysafeguardsthehealthofathletes,audiencesandeveryoneinvolvedintheGames,butalsoreducespotentialtransmissionofthevirusf

romoneplacetoanother.Evenlookingatitfromonlyasportinglevel,thepandemichasalreadycausedhugedisruptionstoathletes’trainingandtheq

ualificationprocess.ItisundoubtedlyabigblowforJapan,whichhaspreparedmeticulouslyforthelargestsportse

ventintheworld,includingrenovatingandupgradingitsinfrastructureandsportsvenues,suchasrebuildingTokyo’sOlympicStadiumatcostof$1.45billion.Japanwills

ufferhugelossatleastintheshortterm.Theinternationalcommunityowesabig“thankyou”toJapanforallithasdonef

ortheGamesdespitethepostponement.That’swhytheGameswillstillbecalledtheOlympicandParalympicGamesTokyo

2020despitetakingplacein2021.TheOlympicflamewillalsoremainstoredanddisplayedinJapan.Moreimportantly,allmembersintheOlympicfamily,guidedbytheOl

ympicspiritofrespectandunderstandingaremorallyboundtostandbehindJapantogothroughthismostdifficultmomentintheGames’

history.4.Whatdoestheword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Thedecision.B.TheGames.C.Thepandemic.D.Thewar.5.Whatdoestheu

nderlinedword“meticulously”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Wisely.B.Recently.C.Easily.D.Precisely.6.Weknowfromthepassage__

______.A.theGamesshouldbeputoffintimesofwaranddisasterB.theGameswillstillbecalledTokyo2020Gamesforitssacrifice

CpostponingtheGameswillhaveabadinfluenceontheathletesD.theOlympicfamilywillhavetomakeupforthelossofJapan67.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.The

wholeworldwillsupportJapan.B.JapanwillkeeptheOlympicflameburning.C.PostponingtheGameswillbringtheworldhope.D.TokyowillbecomethesymboloftheGame

s.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。因为新型冠状病毒大流行，周二，日本和国际奥委会做出决定将2020年东京奥运会推迟到明年夏天举行。文章说明了历史其他几次奥运会取消的事件，考虑到受影响国家的数量以及病毒的迅速传播造成的社会和经济影响，

推迟奥运会是唯一正确和明智的选择。日本为此次奥运会做出了巨大投入，尽管日本推迟了奥运会，但国际社会应该感谢日本为奥运会所做的一切。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文theharmdonetohumansocietybythepandemic

couldbemoreseriousandfar-reachingthaneventhetwoworldwars.可知如果这种流行病不加以控制，那么大流行病对人类社会造成的危害可能比两次世界大战还要严重和深远。由此可知，it指的是“流行

病”。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文forthelargestsportseventintheworld,includingrenovatingandupgradingitsinfrastr

uctureandsportsvenues,suchasrebuildingTokyo’sOlympicStadiumatcostof$1.45billion可知，包括对基础设施和体育场馆进行翻新和升级，比如耗资14.5亿美元重建东京的奥林匹克体育场。由此可知，日本已经为这场世界上最大的体育赛

事做了精确准备。所以划线词意思为“精确地”。A.Wisely.明智地；B.Recently.最近；C.Easily.容易地；D.Precisely.精确地。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Theinternationalcommunityowesabig“thankyou”to

JapanforallithasdonefortheGamesdespitethepostponement.That’swhytheGameswillstillbecalledtheOlympicandParalympicGamesTokyo2020despit

etakingplacein2021.可知尽管日本推迟了奥运会，但国际社会应该感谢日本为奥运会所做的一切。这就是为什么2020年东京奥运会和残奥会的名称仍然是东京2020年奥运会和残奥会，尽管它是在2021年举办的。由此可知，由于做出了巨大的牺牲，本届奥运会仍将被称为2020年东京奥运会。故选

B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Moreimportantly,allmembersintheOlympicfamily,guidedbytheOlympicspiritofrespectandunderstandingaremorallyboundtostandbe

hindJapantogothroughthismostdifficultmomentintheGames’history.可知更重要的是，在以尊重和理解为中心的奥林匹克精神指引下，奥林匹克大家庭的所有成员在道义上一定会

支持日本，度过奥运会历史上这一最困难的时刻。由此可知，全世界都会支持日本。故选A。7CItisfoodnewsguaranteedtoputasmileonyourface.Scientistshavefo

undthateatingdarkchocolateappearstolowertheriskofdepressionbyaquarter.While7.6percentofthe13,000peoplesurveyedreporteddepressivesymp

toms,just1.5percentofthechocolateeatersdid.ThestudybyUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL),theUniversityofCalgaryandAlbertaHealthServi

cesCanada,alsofoundthatthepeoplewhoconsumedthemostofanychocolatewerealso57percentlesslikelytoreportdepressivesymptoms.LeadauthorDr.SarahJacksonsaid

,“Thisstudyprovidessomeevidencethatconsumptionofchocolate,particularlydarkchocolate,maybeassociatedwithreducedo

ddsofclinicallyrelevantdepressivesymptoms.”Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetyp

eofchocolateconsumed.Theteamassesseddatafrom13,626adultsfromtheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey.Arangeof

otherfactorsincludingheight,weight,maritalstatus,ethnicity,education,householdincome,physicalactivity,smokingandchronichealthp

roblemswerealsotakenintoaccounttoensurethestudyonlymeasuredchocolate’seffectondepressivesymptoms.Afteradjustingfor

thesefactors,itwasfoundthatindividualswhoreportedeatinganydarkchocolateintwo24-hourperiodshad70percentloweroddsofreportingclinicallyrelevantdepr

essivesymptomsintheprevioustwoweeksthanthosewhoreportednoteatingchocolateatall.Chocolatecontainsanumberofpsychoactiveingredie

ntswhichproduceafeelingofeuphoriasimilartothatofcannabinoid(大麻素),foundincannabis.Italsocontainsphenylethylamine

(苯乙胺),aneuromodulator(神经调节物质)whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople’smoods.Darkchocolatealsohash

igherconcentrationofflavonoids(类黄酮),antioxidantchemicalswhichlowerinflammationandcanpreventtheonset(发生)ofdepr

ession.However,Britishscientistspointedoutthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors.Forexample,people

whochoosedarkchocolatemaybemorehealthconsciousingeneral,whichisknowntoprotectagainstdepression.Depressedpeoplearealso

morelikelytodesireformoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalterativewhenchoosingchocolate.8Whichofthefollowingstatements

isTRUEofthestudy?A.minorityofchocolateeaterssufferfromdepression.B.majorityofpeoplesurveyedaredepressive.C.Allkindsofchocolatecanhelpfightd

epression.D.Halfofpeoplewithdepressionaresurveyed.9.Thestudyistypicalinthat________.A.itpointedouttherelations

hipbetweendepressionandchocolate8B.itdemonstratedtheprotectiveeffectsofblackchocolateC.thefindingswerebasedonthety

peofchocolateconsumedD.theresearchersconductedthesurveyworldwide10.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofch

ocolate.B.Thereasonsfortheprotectiveeffects.C.Thecausesofdepression.D.Theeffectsofchocolate.11.What’stheBritishs

cientists’attitudetowardthefindings?A.Cautious.B.Supportive.C.Unimportant.D.Curious.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。说明了科学家发现，吃黑巧克力似乎可以降低四分之一的抑

郁风险。在1.3万名被调查者中，有7.6%的人有抑郁症状，而吃巧克力的人只有1.5%有抑郁症状。介绍了这项研究的过程，以及巧克力可以产生保护效果的原因以及英国科学家对此发现的态度。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段

中Scientistshavefoundthateatingdarkchocolateappearstolowertheriskofdepressionbyaquarter.While7.6percentofthe13,000peoplesurveyedreporteddepressivesy

mptoms,just1.5percentofthechocolateeatersdid.可知科学家发现，吃黑巧克力似乎可以降低四分之一的抑郁风险。在1.3万名被调查者中，有7.6%的人有抑郁症状，而吃巧克力的人只有1.5%有抑郁症状。由此可知，

A选项“少数吃巧克力的人患有抑郁症”正确。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeof

chocolateconsumed.可知这项研究是第一次根据巧克力摄入的类型来研究巧克力与抑郁症之间的关系。由此可知，这项研究的典型之处在于，研究结果是基于人们摄入的巧克力的类型。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段Chocolatecont

ainsanumberofpsychoactiveingredientswhichproduceafeelingofeuphoriasimilartothatofcannabinoid(大麻素),foundincannabis.Italsocontainsphen

ylethylamine(苯乙胺),aneuromodulator(神经调节物质)whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople’smoods.Darkchocolatea

lsohashigherconcentrationofflavonoids(类黄酮),antioxidantchemicalswhichlowerinflammationandcanpreventtheonset(

发生)ofdepression.可知巧克力含有许多精神活性成分，能产生一种欣快感，类似于在大麻中发现的大麻素。它还含有苯乙胺，一种神经调节剂，被认为对调节人的情绪很重要。黑巧克力还含有更高浓度的类黄酮，抗氧化化学物质，可以降低炎症，防止抑郁症的发生。由此可知，第五段主要讲了巧克9力有

保护效果的原因。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段However,Britishscientistspointedoutthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors.Forexample,

peoplewhochoosedarkchocolatemaybemorehealthconsciousingeneral,whichisknowntoprotectagainstdepression.Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikel

ytodesireformoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalterativewhenchoosingchocolate.可知不过，英国科学家指出，决定吃黑巧克力可能与其他健

康因素有关。例如，选择黑巧克力的人可能在一般情况下更注重健康，众所周知，黑巧克力可以防止抑郁症。抑郁症患者也更有可能渴望更多的含糖脂肪食物，因此在选择巧克力时，可能不太会选择黑巧克力的替代品。由此可推知，英国科学家对这些发现持谨慎态度。故选A。DW

astesortingisacomplexphenomenonthatcanbeanimportantsteptowardaglobalcirculareconomy.Maybeitevenwillbesomethingwewilllookbackonasoneofthefirststep

stowardanecologicalsociety.Butsortingofwastecouldalsomeanparticipatinginanactivitythatgraduallyweakenssustainabl

edevelopmentbyallowingunsustainablecompaniestouserecyclingasawaytopretendtheyaresustainable.WhenRoyalDutchShell,British-Du

tchoilandgascompany,wantedtodumpanoilrigintheoceanin1995manypeopleinEuropehadjuststartedtoseparateglassbottlesandnewspapers.Thecompany’spla

nwasviewedasasignofarrogance.Theincidentledtoanimportantmeeting,afterwhichmanycompaniesstartedincludingen

vironmentalfactorsintheirriskassessment.Thesituationisdifferenttoday.ItisnolongerclearifthekindofwastesortingdoneinWesternnationsispartoftheproblem

orthesolution.Thereareareaswherethesortingofwasteisworkingreasonablywell,forexampletheglassandmetalin

dustries.Butatatimewhenwearelookingatatransformativesystemchangeandglobalsustainability,thereisaneedt

ofundamentallyrethinkwastesorting.Inthecomingdecades,theworldneedstoeliminate(消除)theuseoffossilfuels,becomemoreresourceeffic

ientliftbillionsoutofpovertyandensuregreaterequity.Inordertoensurethis,weneedaresource-efficientcirculareconom

y,andwastesortingcanplayakeyrole.Butthatshouldbeaverydifferentkindofwastesorting.Chinacouldinitiatethenextgenerationofwastesor

tingsystems.Suchawastesortingsystemwouldbeadriverforinnovationandextremeresourceefficiencyandatruesteptowardecologicalcivilization.12.

Wastesortingisacomplexphenomenonbecause________.A.itisanimportantsteptowardaglobalcirculareconomyB.itmeanseconomyandmaybeanactivi

tythatgraduallyweakenssustainabledevelopmentC.itisafirststeptowardanecologicalsociety10D.itisslowlymovingintothecenterofconversat

ion13.WhatdidthebehaviorofRoyalDutchShellcompanyresultin?A.Thedumpingofoilrig.B.Separatingglassbottlesandnewspapers.C

.Includingenvironmentwhenassessingrisks.D.StartingwastesortinginEuropeancountries.14.Thereisaneedtofu

ndamentallyrethinkwastesortingbecause________.A.thesortingofwasteisworkingwellinsomeareasB.atransformativesystemchangeandglobalsu

stainabilityshouldbeconsideredC.thewesternrecyclingsystemdoesnotfitforthewholeworldD.peopleareconcernedaboutgre

aterequity15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceWesternrecyclingsystems.B.Tocomparetworecyclings

ystems.C.Topredictthechangeofecologicalsystem.D.Toadvocateamoresustainablewastesortingsystem.【答案】12.B13.C

14.B15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，可持续的垃圾分类有助于人类回归生态社会。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Wastesortingisacomplexphenomenonthatcanbeanimportant

steptowardaglobalcirculareconomy.”（垃圾分类是一个复杂的现象，可能是迈向全球循环经济的重要一步。）和第二段“Butsortingofwastecouldalsomeanparticipat

inginanactivitythatgraduallyweakenssustainabledevelopmentbyallowingunsustainablecompaniestouserecyclingasawayto

pretendtheyaresustainable.”（但垃圾分类也可能意味着参与一项活动，这项活动通过允许不可持续的公司利用回收来假装它们是可持续的，从而逐渐削弱可持续发展。），可知垃圾分类是一个复杂的现象，是因为它意味着经济并且可能

是一种逐渐削弱可持续发展的活动。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Theincidentledtoanimportantmeeting,afterwhichmanycompaniesstartedincludingenvironment

alfactorsintheirriskassessment.”（这一事件导致了一次重要的会议，之后许多公司开始将环境因素纳入其风险评估。），可知评估风险时包括环境因素。故选C项。11【14题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Butatatimewhenw

earelookingatatransformativesystemchangeandglobalsustainability,thereisaneedtofundamentallyrethinkwastesorting.”（但在我们看到变革性的系统变革和全球可持续发展之际，有必

要从根本上重新思考垃圾分类。），可知有必要从根本上重新思考垃圾分类，是因为应考虑变革性的制度变革和全球可持续性。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Wastesortingisacomplexphenomenonthatcanbeanimportantste

ptowardaglobalcirculareconomy.Maybeitevenwillbesomethingwewilllookbackonasoneofthefirststepstowardanecologicalsociety.”（垃圾分类是一个复杂的现象，可能是迈向全球循环经济的重要一步

。也许它甚至会成为我们回首生态社会的第一步。），第三段中的“Theincidentledtoanimportantmeeting,afterwhichmanycompaniesstartedincludingenvironmentalfactorsintheirris

kassessment.”（这一事件导致了一次重要的会议，之后许多公司开始将环境因素纳入其风险评估。），第四段中的“Butatatimewhenwearelookingatatransformativesystemchangeandgloba

lsustainability,thereisaneedtofundamentallyrethinkwastesorting.”（但在我们看到变革性的系统变革和全球可持续发展之际，有必要从根本上重新思考垃圾分类。），第五段中的“Inordertoensurethi

s,weneedaresource-efficientcirculareconomy,andwastesortingcanplayakeyrole.Butthatshouldbeaverydifferentk

indofwastesorting.”（为了确保这一点，我们需要一个资源节约型的循环经济，而垃圾分类可以发挥关键作用。但那应该是一种完全不同的垃圾分类。）和最后一段“Chinacouldinitiatethenextgenerationo

fwastesortingsystems.Suchawastesortingsystemwouldbeadriverforinnovationandextremeresourceefficiencyandatruesteptowardecologicalcivilizati

on.”（中国可以启动下一代垃圾分类系统。这样的垃圾分类系统将是创新和极端资源效率的驱动力，是迈向生态文明的真正一步。），可知文章主要讲可持续的垃圾分类有助于人类回归生态社会，所以文章的目的在于提倡更可持续的垃圾分类系统。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从

短文后的选项中选出能填空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyourfriendshipsaregoingtolastalongtime,yousimplyhavetoacceptthatthingswillalwayschange.Butnev

erfear.____16____.Hereisalittleoftheiradvice:Startwiththefriendshiptriangle.ShastaNelsonisafriendshipexpertwhogivesaconce

ptcalledthe“friendshiptriangle”.____17____.Anyway,thebaseispositivity,andtwosidesofthetriangleareconsis

tency(一致性)andvulnerability(脆弱性).Ifyourfriendshiphassomethingwrong,it’smucheasiertoseewhatisoffbalanceandadjustintime.F

igureoutwhatyouvalue.AnotherhelpfultoolcomesfromRachelWilkersonMiller.WilkersonMillerrecommendslookingatfriendships12throughy

ourTME-time,moneyandenergy.“Thoseareyourmostvaluableresources,”shesays.“ThinkaboutwhereyourTMEisgoing,howyou’respendingitandwhoyo

u’regivingitto.”____18____Don’tbeafraidtoaskforthings.____19____.Beingdirectcanfeelawkward,butifyougetinthehabitofstatin

gyourneeds,youcanavoidapileofhatemuchlateron.“Askforexactlywhatyouneed,”Havrilesky,afamouswriter,says,“Sometimesitcanworklikeme

dicine.Soask!”____20____.Duringlonglife,yougothroughlotofdifferentversionsofyourself.Thatcanmeanthatsometimes,afriendisonlypresentforacertaincha

pter—andthatisOK.A.NoteveryfriendisgoingtobethereforeverB.WeoffersomeadvicefromexpertstoyoudealwiththeshiftsinyourfriendshipC.Friendshipis

likeashiptocarryyougofurtherD.ThefriendshiptriangleismadeofthreeequallylongsidesE.Ifyouwastetheseresources,itmightbetimetoshifttherelationshipF.

YoushouldgetcomfortableaskingforwhatyouneedG.Theexpertrecommendsbeingclearwhenyourfriendshipisnolongerthes

ame【答案】16.B17.D18.E19.F20.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者针对友谊可能会发生改变这一问题，给出了一些看法和建议。【16题详解】上文Ifyourfriendshipsaregoingtolastalongtime,yousimplyhavetoacceptthatthi

ngswillalwayschange.Butneverfear.说如果你的友谊要持续很长一段时间，你只需要接受事情总是会变化的这一事实。但不要害怕。下文Hereisalittleoftheiradvice说以下是他们的一些建议。该空承上启下，

说明面对这个问题时，一些建议可能会对你有所帮助，选项中的theshifts指代上文中的change，选项中的someadvice与下文中的alittleoftheiradvice相呼应。B选项“我们为你提供一些专

家的建议，帮助你应对友谊中的变化”切题，故选B。【17题详解】上文ShastaNelsonisafriendshipexpertwhogivesaconceptcalledthe“friendshiptriangle”.说沙斯塔·纳尔逊是一位友谊专家，他提出了一个叫做“友谊

三角形”的概念。下文Anyway,thebaseispositivity,andtwosidesofthetriangleareconsistency(一致性)andvulnerability说不管怎么说，底边是稳定的，三角的两边具有一致性和脆弱性。该空承上启下，进一步解释“友

谊三角形”，D选项“友谊三角形由三条等长的边组成”，选项中的sides与下文中的sides相呼应。故选D。【18题详解】13上文“Thoseareyourmostvaluableresources,”shesays.“ThinkaboutwhereyourT

MEisgoing,howyou’respendingitandwhoyou’regivingitto.”说“这些是你最宝贵的资源，”她说，“想想你的时间都花在哪里了，你怎么花的，你把它给了谁。”该空承接上文，说明如果你没有考虑这些因素，可能造成的

后果，E选项“如果你浪费了这些资源，可能是时候改变你们的关系了”切题，选项中的resources对应上文中的resources，故选E。【19题详解】本段标题是Don’tbeafraidtoaskforthings.（不要害怕提出要求），下文Beingdirectcanfeela

wkward,butifyougetinthehabitofstatingyourneeds,youcanavoidapileofhatemuchlateron.说直率可能会让人感到尴尬，但如果你养成了陈

述自己需求的习惯，你就可以避免日后一大堆讨厌。该空承接标题，引出下文，说明你要坦白的表明自己的需求，F选项“你应该坦然地提出你需要的东西”切题，选项中的need对应下文中的needs,故选F。【20题详解】下文Duringlonglif

e,yougothroughlotofdifferentversionsofyourself.Thatcanmeanthatsometimes,afriendisonlypresentforacertainchapter—andthatisOK.说在漫长的一生中，你会

经历很多不同版本的自己。这意味着有时候，朋友只会在某一章节出现——这也没关系。该空引出下文，说明朋友并非永恒不变的，A选项“不是每个朋友都能永远在那里”切题，故选A。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20题；每小

题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Sometimes,lifegivesyouthegiftofamomentthatchan

geseverything.Forme,thatcameon____21____homeinJanuary,2009.Asa____22____,Ispecializedincorporatelawinoilandgasprojects.Actually,I’d____23____tohate

myjob.Itinvolvedtoomuchpaperworkandalotoftraveling,whichwasreally____24____forme.Becomingalawyerwasun

intended.Ilovedmyschoolbutitwas____25____andstudentsweredestined(注定)forgooduniversityandthengraduateplan.Thatwasth

etrackIwason.After____26____,Ibecamealawyer,butthatjustmademetrapped.Iwantedtomakea____27____,butIhadnoideawhatelseIco

ulddo.Onthatlife-changingflight,Iaskedastewardesstobringmeahotdrink.Whenshe____28____,Icouldn’thelpcrying___

_29____me,shesaid,“Idon’tknowwhat’swrongbut____30____you’recryinginbusinessclass,youneedtochangeyourlife

.”Those____31____hadagreateffectonme.Icouldn’t____32____inajobthatmademesouncomfortable.Aftermuch____33____,Iresigned18mont

hslater.ThelasttimeI’dbeenhappywaswhenIwasvolunteering14ataschool.____34____that,myfriendSophiakepttellingmeI

’dloveteaching.ThenI____35____fourschoolsandbecameateacherintheend.Noamountofplanningwouldhavepreparedmeformyfirstdayas

teacher.Itwas____36____,butasbecamefamiliarwiththecurriculum,Irelaxed.Fiveyearson,I’mheadofdepartment

.Watchingmystudentsdevelopisso____37____andresultsdaymakesmeburstwithpride.Iusedtofeel____38____aboutthethoughtof

becomingamoreseniorlawyer,butI’msopositiveaboutthe____39____teachingcanoffer.IearnlessnowbutIbecome____40____inmanyways.Everysingleday,Ifeel

excitedtogotowork.21.A.trainB.planeC.taxiD.ship22.A.teacherB.managerC.journalistD.lawyer23.A.grownB.refu

sedC.regrettedD.pretended24.A.necessaryB.surprisingC.exhaustingD.dangerous25.A.boringB.unfairC.disappointingD.competitive26.

A.schoolB.graduationC.workD.business27.A.differenceB.planC.scheduleD.trip28.A.admittedB.returnedC.apologizedD.

escaped29.A.DraggingB.AdmiringC.ComfortingD.Following30.A.ifB.thoughC.unlessD.before31.A.wordsB.giftsC.notesD.lesso

ns32.A.giveupB.setoffC.showupD.carryon33.A.testingB.searchingC.discussionD.consideration34.A.ButforB.ApartfromC.BecauseofD.Regardlessof35.A.attendedB

.contactedC.financedD.established36.A.urgentB.stressfulC.annoyingD.unforgivable37.A.helpfulB.practicalC

.rewardingD.ridiculous38.A.excitedB.proudC.scaredD.confident39.A.arrangementsB.coursesC.instructionsD.opportunities40.A.richerB.sl

owerC.warmerD.smarter【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.B29.C30.A31.A32.D33.D34.C35.B36.B37.C38.C39.D40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要

记叙了曾经是一名律师的作者，因为忍受不了律师工作的繁重和压力，经过深思熟15虑后，选择辞职。最后成为了一名老师，作者觉得看到学生进步很有意义，成绩发布日让自己充满了骄傲。虽然挣得少了，但是在很多方面变得更富有了。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是2009年1

月在回家的飞机上得到的。A.train火车；B.plane飞机；C.taxi出租车；D.ship船。根据第三段中Onthatlife-changingflight可知改变了作者生活的礼物，是作者在坐飞机时得到的。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词

词义辨析。句意：作为一名律师，我的专业是石油和天然气项目的公司法。A.teacher老师；B.manager经理；C.journalist记者；D.lawyer律师。根据第二段中Ibecamealawyer可知作者是

一名律师。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我逐渐开始讨厌我的工作了。A.grown变成，生长；B.refused拒绝；C.regretted遗憾；D.pretended假装。根据后文tohatemyj

ob可知作者逐渐开始讨厌律师的工作。growto表示“逐渐开始做某事”。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它涉及太多的文书工作和大量的旅行，这对我来说真的很累人。A.necessary必要的；B.surprising令人惊讶的；C.exhausting使人筋疲力尽的；D.dang

erous危险的。结合上文Itinvolvedtoomuchpaperworkandalotoftraveling可知，律师的工作涉及太多的文书工作和大量的旅行，这让作者感到筋疲力尽。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我热爱我的学校，但它竞争激烈，学生们注定要

进入好的大学，然后进行毕业计划。A.boring无聊的；B.unfair不公平的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.competitive竞争的。根据后文studentsweredestinedforgoodu

niversityandthengraduateplan可知学生要进入好的大学都是注定了的，说明作者所在的学校竞争激烈。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我成为了一名律师，但这让我陷入了困境。A.school学校；B.graduation毕业；C.work工作；D.busin

ess生意。根据后文Ibecamealawyer可知作者成为律师应该是从学校毕业后的事情。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想有所作为，但我不知道我还能做些什么。A.difference差异；B.plan计划；C.schedule日程表；D.trip旅行。根据上文Iw

antedtomakea可知此处为短语makeadifference表示“有影响，有关系”。故选A。16【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她回来时，我忍不住哭了起来。A.admitted承认；B.retu

rned返回；C.apologized道歉；D.escaped逃走。根据上文Onthatlife-changingflight,Iaskedastewardesstobringmeahotdrink.可知作者让空姐

去拿一杯热饮，因此是指她拿了热饮回来时，作者忍不住哭了。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她安慰我说，“我不知道怎么回事，但如果你在商务舱哭泣，你需要改变你的生活。”A.Dragging拖动；

B.Admiring钦佩；C.Comforting安慰；D.Following跟随。结合常识，空姐看到作者哭泣，应当是安慰作者。故选C。【30题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：她安慰我说，“我不知道怎么回事，但如果你在商务舱哭泣，你需要改变你的生活。”A.if如果；B.though虽然；C.unle

ss除非；D.before在……之前。此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些话对我有很大的影响。A.words话语；B.gifts礼物；C.notes笔记；D.le

ssons课程。结合上文shesaid,“Idon'tknowwhat'swrongbut…you'recryinginbusinessclass,youneedtochangeyourlife.”可知此处指空姐说的话，对作者有很大影响。故选A。【32题

详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我无法继续从事一份让我如此不舒服的工作。A.giveup放弃；B.setoff出发；C.showup露面；D.carryon继续。结合后文inajobthatmademesouncomfortable.可知，指作者无法继续从事一份让自己感觉不

舒服的工作。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过深思熟虑，18个月后我辞职了。A.testing测试；B.searching搜索；C.discussion讨论；D.consideration考虑。在空姐对作者说了那番话之后，又过了18个月，

作者才辞职，说明是经过了深思熟虑的。故选D。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：正因为如此，我的朋友索菲亚一直告诉我，我喜欢教书。A.Butfor要不是；B.Apartfrom除了；C.Becauseof因为；D.Regard

lessof不管。后文that指代上文提到的作者在一所学校做志愿者的事情，因为这件事，朋友索菲亚才说作者喜欢教书。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我联系了四所学校，最终成为了一名教师。A.attende

d出席；B.contacted联系；C.financed提供资金；D.established建立。根据后文fourschools可知作者联系了四所学校。故选B。17【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有压力，但随着我熟悉了课程，我感觉放松了。A.urgent紧急的；

B.stressful紧张的；C.annoying讨厌的；D.unforgivable不可原谅的。结合后文butasbecamefamiliarwiththecurriculum,Irelaxed.可知

but表示转折，说明一开始教书也是很有压力的，后面熟悉了课程，作者才感觉放松了。故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着我的学生进步是如此的有意义，成绩发布日让我充满了骄傲。A.helpful有帮助的；B.practical实际的；C.rewarding有

益的，值得的；D.ridiculous可笑的。根据后文resultsdaymakesmeburstwithpride可知作者看到学生们进步，觉得这份工作是有意义的。故选C。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾经对成为一名更资深的律师感到害怕，但我非常看

好教学所能提供的机会。A.excited激动的；B.proud自豪的；C.scared害怕的；D.confident自信的。根据后文aboutthethoughtofbecomingamoreseniorla

wyer,butI'msopositive可知but表示转折，作者如今对教学态度积极，说明曾经对成为资深律师感到恐惧害怕。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经对成为一名更资深的律师感到害怕，但我非常看好教学所能提供的机会。A.arrangemen

ts安排；B.courses课程；C.instructions指令；D.opportunities机会。结合后文teachingcanoffer可知此处指教学能够给作者提供的机会。故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我现在挣得少了，但我在很多方面变得更富有了。A.rich

er更富有的；B.slower更慢的；C.warmer更温暖的；D.smarter更聪明的。根据上文IearnlessnowbutIbecome可知虽然作者现在收入少了，但是在许多方面都变得更富有了。故选A。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入

适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Thebrightnessoflightfromourcitieshasreached____41____highlevelsthatitisreducingthedarkness

ofnight.Acenturyago,whennight-time____42____(fall)thedarkofnightarrived.Thingsare____43____(differ)today.Anewstudyreportsthatartificia

llightatnightisincreasingaroundtheworld.Scientistssayitgrew____44____2.2%ayearbetween2012and2016.Thisintrusionofartificiallightiscau

singusmanyproblems.TheInternationalDark-SkyAssociationsays,“itisnotonlydamagingourviewoftheuniverse,butitis____45____(severe)threateningou

renvironment,oursafety,ourenergyconsumptionandourhealth”.Dr.FranzHolkersaidartificiallightis____46____threattoournaturalenvironmen

t.Hecalleditapollutant18____47____threatensnocturnalanimalsandaffectsplantsandmicroorganismsHeaddedthatitisaffectingeveryt

hingfrombacteriatomammals,humans____48____(include).Hesaiditisreshaping“entiresocialecologicalsystems”.EnvironmentaliststhoughtLEDlightswouldhelp.Ho

wever,citiesareusingmoreLEDlightsbecause____49____arecheaper.Thisisaddingtothepollutionoflight.Night-timelightdecreasedinsixteencountries

,including_____50_____(nation)atwar,likeYemenandSyria.【答案】41.such42.fell43.different44.by45.severely46.a47.that/which48.included49.

they50.nations【解析】这是一篇说明文。城市的过度照明已经成为了一种污染，它对人们生活的方方面面都造成了威胁。【41题详解】考查状语从句。句意：来自我们城市的灯光亮度已经达到如此高的水平，以至于它正在减少夜晚的

黑暗。此处为结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，且修饰后文名词短语highlevels，应用such…that…。故填such。【42题详解】考查动词时态。根据上文时间状语Acenturyago，可知应用一般过去时

。故填fell。【43题详解】考查形容词。根据上文Thereare可知应填形容词different，作表语，表示“不同的”。故填different。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：科学家表示，2012年至2016年，该数字每年增长2.2%。短语growby表示“增长

……”，by表示增长的幅度。故填by。【45题详解】考查副词。修饰动词threaten，应用副词severely，表示“严重地”，作状语。故填severely。【46题详解】考查冠词。此处泛指“一个威胁”，应用不定冠词，且threat

为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【47题详解】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词pollutant，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。19【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，humans和本空在

句中作状语，为独立主格结构；且humans与include之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填included。【49题详解】考查代词。句意：然而，城市正在使用更多的LED灯，因为它们更便宜。此处指代LEDlights，且在从句中作主语，应用代词they。故填they。【50

题详解】考查名词的数。nation为可数名词，根据后文likeYemenandSyria可知应用复数形式。故填nations。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老

师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把

多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Asweallknow,classisaplacewh

ichstudentsoughttoworkhardtorealizetheirdreams.However,therearesomestudentnotusingclassproper,makingthingsgofrombadtoworse.Forexample,somes

tudentsplayedmobilephonesorsleepinclass,wastequantitiesofprecioustime.What’smoreworse,somestudentsenjoychattingwithot

hers.Notonlydoesitaffectourownstudy,butalsoitdoesharmforothers.Asfarasamconcerned,themainreasoniswhytheydon’trea

lizetheimportanceofstudy.Tosolvethisproblem,theyhavetounderstandmakingfulluseofclassisbestwaytoimprovetheefficiencyofstudy.Afterall,timewaitsfornoman

.【答案】1.which→where2.student→students3.proper→properly4.played→play5.waste→wasting6.去掉more7.our→their8.for→to209.why→that10.在bes

t前面加the【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，课堂上，有一些学生上课不得体，不仅影响他们自己的学习，而且对他人也有害，主要原因是没有意识到学习的重要性。【详解】1.考查定语从句关系词。此处是定语从句，先行词是aplace，在从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where。故将which改为

where。2.考查名词的数。可数名词student前面有some修饰，应用名词复数。故将student改为students。3.考查副词。此处用副词properly作状语修饰动词using。故将pro

per改为properly。4.考查时态。本文讲述发生在现在的事情，应用一般现在时，主语somestudents是复数，主谓一致，谓语也用复数，用play。故将played改为play。5.考查现在分词。本句已有谓语动词play且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语somestudents和动词was

te是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故将waste改为wasting。6.考查固定搭配。句意：更糟糕的是，有些学生喜欢和别人聊天。此处指“更糟糕的是”，固定搭配What’sworse（更糟糕的是

），去掉more。故去掉more。7.考查代词。句意：这不仅影响他们的学习，而且对他人也有害。由上文可知，上文一直在讲somestudents的课堂行为，所以是“影响他们的学习”，应用形容词性物主代词their指代。故将our改为their。8.考查介词。

固定搭配doharmto…（对……有害），应用介词to。故将for改为to。9.考查表语从句连接词。is后接表语从句，从句theydon’trealizetheimportanceofstudy结构完整，不缺成分，意义完整，所以用只起连接作用的that。故将why改为that。10.考查冠词

。句意：要解决这个问题，他们必须明白充分利用课堂是提高学习效率的最佳途径。当最高级best后面有名词时，前面一般都要加定冠词the，表“最好的”。故在best前面加the。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.对于高三的学生来说，时间管理无疑是至关重要的。但是事实上不是每位同学都足够重视，做事拖延。假

定你是某中学高三的学生李华请在你校英语校报上写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们恰当地管理时间。表达要点：1.拖延的弊端；2.你的建议；3.发起倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开篇和结束语已为你写

好，不计入总词数。Dearfellowstudents,Timemanagementiswithoutdoubtofvitalsignificance,especiallyforusSeniorThreestudents.______________________________________

______________________________________________________21_____________________________________________________________________LiHua【答案】Dearfel

lowstudents,Timeiswithoutdoubtofvitalsignificance,especiallyforusSeniorThreestudents.Butthetruthisthatnoteveryoneisattachingadeq

uateimportancetoit.Ifweareinthehabitofleavingthingsundoneandputtingthemoffuntilthelastminute,thereisnodoubtth

at,rushingtomeetthedeadline,nothingwillturnoutsatisfactory.Wewilllosemanyapreciousopportunitywiththehelpofourparentsandteachers

shouldbeagoodchoice.Besides,rememberlocombineworkwithplay.Justasthesayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadul

lboy”.Whynottakeactionnowtomanageourprecioustimeeffectively,thusproducingbetterresults?LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书

面表达属于应用文。要求考生向校英语校报写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们恰当地管理时间。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.拖延的弊端；2.你的建议；3.发起倡议。第二步

:列提纲（重点词组）attachimportanceto…；inthehabitof…；put…off；withthehelpof…；combine…with…；takeactiontodosth.第三步：连词成句1.Butthetruthisthatno

teveryoneisattachingadequateimportancetoit.2.Ifweareinthehabitofleavingthingsundoneandputtingthemoffuntilthelast

minute,3.Wewilllosemanyapreciousopportunitywiththehelpofourparentsandteachersshouldbeagoodchoice.4.rememberl

ocombineworkwithplay.5.Whynottakeactionnowtomanageourprecioustimeeffectively,thusproducingbetterresults?(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题

。）22第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast,Lastbutnotleast2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,More

over,Furthermore,Inaddition,Aswellas,notonly…but(also),including,also3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Althou

gh+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Th

erefore,Asaresult5表换一种方式表达：Inotherwords,thatistosay,6.表进行举例说明：Forexample;Forinstance;suchas+n/doing7.表陈述事实：Infact,franklyspeaki

ng8.表选择：either…or…，or连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如Butthetr

uthisthatnoteveryoneisattachingadequateimportancetoit这句话中用了that引导的表语从句，如thereisnodoubtthat,rushingtomeetthedeadline,nothingwillturnoutsatis

factory这句话中用了that引导的同位语从句（nothingwillturnoutsatisfactory）；使用了非常好的短语，如attachimportanceto…，inthehabitof…，combine…with…，takeactiontodosth.等，为文章增色不少。全文中没

有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。