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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．punctuationn．标点符号2．nationwideadv.全国性地3．trendn.趋势，倾向4．theoryn.理论，学说5．enlargevt.扩大6．theftn.偷窃7．re

lativen.亲戚，亲属8．tightadj.绷紧的9．transparentadj.清晰易辨的；透明的10．outlinevt.勾出轮廓11．certificaten.证书；证明12．diploman.毕业证书13．candidaten.候选人14．amateuradj.业余的15．sin

cerelyadv.真诚地16．purchasevt.购买Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．thankfuladj.为……感到高兴的；感谢的2．foldv.折叠；交叉3．decaden.十年4．ensurevt.

确保，保证5．attainvt.达到；获得6．acceleratevi.&vt.加速7．guaranteevt.保证8．resemblevt.像；与……相似9．targetn.目标10．unconsciousadj.无意的；不知不觉的11．mere

lyadv.只；仅仅12．competencen.能力13．registervt.登记14．punctualadj.准时的，守时的Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．fluencyn．流利度，流畅度→fluentadj.流利的，流畅的→fluentlyadv

.流利地2．accuracyn．精确度，准确度→accurateadj.精确的，准确的→accuratelyadv.精确地3．absencen．缺乏；缺席→absentadj.缺席的，不在场的4．su

rroundvt.环绕，围绕→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn．环境5．adequateadj.足够的，充分的→adequatelyadv.足够地；充分地6．adjustvt.调节；调整→adjustableadj.可调整的→adjustment

n．调节；调整7．informvt.告知，通知→informationn．信息8．announcementn．通告；宣告→announcev．通知；告知9．congratulatevt.祝贺→congratulationn．祝贺，贺喜10．negotiatevt.协商；谈判→negotia

tionn．谈判；协商11．offencen．冒犯；得罪→offendv．冒犯12．approvaln．赞成；赞许；批准→approvevt.赞成→approvingadj.同意的；赞成的13．applicantn．申请人→applyv．申请→applicationn．申请14．em

barrassvt.使窘迫→embarrassingadj.令人难堪的，令人窘迫的→embarrassedadj.感到窘迫的→embarrassmentn．窘迫，难堪1.想要一份工作需要什么？①certificate证书；证明②competence能力③diploma毕业

证书④resume简历⑤application申请书⑥interview面试⑦punctual准时的；守时的2.前缀“en-”/后缀“-en”动词知多少①enrich使充实②enable使能够③enlarge扩大④ensure确保，担保⑤endanger使……遭遇

危险⑥widen加宽⑦broaden扩大3.与“购物”相关的名词一览①discount折扣②customer顾客③consumer消费者④purchase购买⑤bargain便宜货⑥cashier出纳员⑦refund退款(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．team__up合作2

．stand__out出色；突出3．get__ahead取得成功；获得进步4．rely__on依靠；依赖5．take__the__form__of采取……形式6．adjust...to...调整……以适应……7．inform__sb.of__sth.通知某人某事8．consi

st__of__由……组成，构成9．catch__on学会，受欢迎10．for__ages很久，很长时间11．congratulate__sb.on__sth.就某事向某人祝贺12．on__purpose故意地13．

regardless__of不管；不顾14．on__the__other__hand另一方面15．I__bet我肯定16．more__than不仅仅，超过1.“devote...to(介词)”朋友圈①adapt...to...使适应；使配合②adjust...to...调节……以

适应③addict...to...使……对……上瘾④apply...to...把……应用于……⑤prefer...to...喜欢……胜过……2.“不管；不顾”词语一览①inspiteof尽管；不管②despite尽管；不管③regardle

ssof不管；不顾④nomatter不管，无论⑤leavealone不管；不理3.“偶然地”和“故意地”短语集锦①byaccident偶然地②bychance偶然地③bydesign故意地④onpurpose故

意地(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：Itispredictedthat...据预测……It__was__predictedasearlyasthe1700sthatEnglishwouldonedaybethegloballanguageandthathas

provedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.早在十八世纪的时候，人们就预测有一天英语会成为全球语言。在过去的几十年，事实证明确实如此。句型2：whether...or...无论是……还是……，不管是…

…还是……Qualityinputensuresqualityoutput，whetheritisspeakingorwriting.无论是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。句型3：while表示对比，意为“而，却”Somebodyjumpingforjoyiseasy

toseewhilearaisedeyebrowconveyingdoubtiseasiertomiss.欢呼雀跃的人很容易被看到，而挑起眉毛表示怀疑的(人)则更容易被忽略。句型4：providedthat引导条

件状语从句，意为“如果，倘若”Thirdly，yousaythatthereisadiscountprovided__thatIpayinadvance.第三，你们说如果我预付货款就有折扣。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式1．Ithinkitmaytak

esometimebeforewecanhaveanaccurate(准确的)assessmentofthedamage.2．Anumberofrecentstudiesindicatethathappinessismor

eeasilyattained(获得)aftermiddleage.3．(2017·江苏卷)Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreade

rsyoungandold,andguaranteed(保证)topresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomethingnew!4．Wejustnaturallythinkthatthefuturewillresemble(与…

…相似)thepast.5．Don’tbesoserious.Imerely(仅仅)playedajokeonyou.6．Itisabeautifulcity,surrounded(surround)bymountainsandthePacificOcea

n.7．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent(absence).Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.8．Weal

lcameuptotheluckyboytoofferourcongratulations(congratulate)tohim.9．Thefirmwantstoavoidanyembarrassing(embarrass)questi

onsaboutitsfinance.10．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment(adjust),highstatush

asjusttheoppositeeffectonus.Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．I’mnotconvincedabouttheaccuracyoftheweatherreport.Thatis,Ith

inkitisnotaccurate,__forit’simpossibletopredicttheweatheraccurately．(accurate)2．ShecouldspeakfluentEnglish.Whe

nweheardherspeakEnglishsofluently，wewereamazedatherfluencyinEnglish.(fluent)3．Tomhadhopedtomeetwiththemanage

r’sapprovalandfromthemanager’sapprovingnod,heknewthathisplanwasapproved．(approve)4．Toourembarrassment,__allofushadnomoneytopaythebill.Inthatembar

rassingsituation，allofuswereveryembarrassed．(embarrass)5．Thechildrenaregoodatadjusting．Asforthechairs,theyareadjustableandyoucanmakesomeadjustments

tothem.(adjust)Ⅲ.选词成篇catchon;providedthat;forages;consistof;differfrom;getahead;keepinmind;keepsb.informedofTo1.get__aheadinEnglish,LiHuahasbeenwork

ingveryhardto2.catch__onherlessons3.for__ages.Severaldaysago,shejoinedtheEnglishCorner4.consisting__oftwentystudents.She5.

differs__fromotherstudentsinsomeaspects.Forexample,sheoften6.keeps__in__mindwhatshehaslearnedandtriesherbestto7.keep__hersel

f__informed__ofthelatestlearningmethods8.provided__thatshehastheopportunity.ontheonehand;standout;adjustoneselfto;onth

eotherhand;congratulatesb.on;intheabsenceofTo9.stand__outinhisclassandmakeprogress,Johnworkedveryhard.Andtoachievehisgoal,he

10.adjusted__himselfquicklytothenewsurroundings,learningthelatestnews.Inaddition,heattendedEnglisheveningclasses,butsoonh

ewasawarethatitwashardtolearnitwell11.in__the__absence__ofthenativelanguageenvironment.Sotoensurethathecoulda

chievehisgoal,12.on__the__one__hand,__hetalkedwithhisforeignteacherasmuchaspossibleatschool,and13.on_

_the__other__hand,__helistenedtoBBCnewsreportsandwatchedEnglishprogrammes.Atlast,hishardworkpaidoffandallofhisfriends14.congratu

lated__him__onhisprogress.Ⅳ.完成句子1．预计随着战争的继续，会有更多人失业。It__is__predicted__thatmorejobswillbelostwiththewargoingon.2．无论好坏，我已经决定接受这份工作邀请。Ihavedeci

dedtotakethejoboffer,whether__it__is__good__or__bad．3．我去游泳，而其他的人都打网球去了。Iwentswimmingwhiletheothersplayedtennis.4．只要情况允许，我们下周

将举行会议。Provided__thatcircumstancespermit,weshallholdthemeetingnextweek.absencen．缺席，不在；缺乏，不存在[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Ishallbeinch

argeintheabsenceofthemanager.②DuringhisabsencefromGuangzhouhisco­workersdidalotofwork.③Theaccidentresultedfromhisabsenceofmindduringdriving.[能力提升

]——一句多译在我很长时间没有上学后，我的老师和同学们都帮助我补习功课。④Myteachersandclassmateshelpedmewiththelessonsaftermy__long__absence__from__school．(absence)⑤Mytea

chersandclassmateshelpedmewiththelessonsafterI__had__been__absent__from__school__for__a__long__time．(absent)(1)abse

ncefromschool/work缺课/缺勤absenceofmind心不在焉的intheabsenceof(人)不在，缺席；(物)不存在，缺少inone’sabsence在某人不在时，在某人缺席时(2)absentadj.缺席的，不在的beabsentfrom缺席；不在[佳句背诵]

Itwashisabsenceofmindduringdrivingthatnearlycausedaseriousaccident.就是他开车时的心不在焉才差点导致一起严重事故。surroundvt.围绕；环绕[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①a.(2019·江苏卷)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surrounded(surround)byhisfamily.b．(2018·天津卷)Nowweliveinaw

orldsurrounded(surround)bythe“can’tdo”attitudes.c．(福建卷)Surrounding(surround)yourselfwithpeoplewho’llprovideyouwithrespectsupportc

anbeverybeneficial.②a.(2018·天津卷)Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundings(surround)duringthejourney?b．Standingon

thetopofthemountain,wecanhaveagoodviewofthesurrounding(surround)hills.[能力提升]——句式升级③(普通表达)Thetallbuildinginthedistanceishometomyfather’scom

pany.Thetallbuildingissurroundedbyagreatmanybigtrees.(高级表达)Thetallbuildingwhich__is__surrounded__by__a__great__many__big__t

rees__in__the__distanceishometomyfather’scompany.(定语从句)(1)surroundsb./sth.with/by...使某人/某物被……包围(2)surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.环境(通常用复数形式)[佳句背

诵]Seeingfromthehillinthedistance,youwillfindthecityofPingyaoisstillsurroundedbytheoldcitywalls.从远处的山上看，你会发现平遥市仍被古城墙围绕着。[名师点津](1)surroundings专指

自然环境；(2)environment可指自然环境也可指精神环境，常用单数形式。[词块助记]someissuessurroundingalcoholabuse有关酗酒的一些问题thesurroundingsc

enery四周的风景guaranteevt.保证；担保n．保证；保修；担保；抵押品[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.Iguaranteeto__pay(pay)offmydebtsontime,nomatterwhathap

pens.b．Weshouldpayattentiontosmalldetails,whichcanguaranteeusto__succeed(succeed)intheend.②Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethete

levisionaslongasitwasstillunderguarantee.[能力提升]——一句多译抓住这个机会吧，我保证你不会后悔的。③Takethisopportunity,andIguarantee__that__you__w

on’t__regret__it．(guaranteev．)④Takethisopportunity,andIgive__you__a__guarantee__that__you__won’t__regret

__it．(guaranteen．)(1)guaranteesb.sth./guaranteesth.tosb.向某人保证某事guaranteetodo/that...保证做……；确保……(2)underguarantee在保修期内givesb.aguara

ntee(that)．..向某人保证……[佳句背诵]①Notonlyisworkinghardaguaranteeofsuccess,butitisalsoamongtheessentialrequirements.努力工作不仅是成功的保证，而且是成功

必不可少的要求之一。②Thecarisstillunderguarantee,soyoushouldbeabletogetitrepairedfreeofcharge.这辆汽车还在保修期内，所以你应该可以免费修理。adjustv．调节，调

整；校准；使适应[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thiskindofdeskcanbe__adjusted(adjust)totheheightyouneed.Besides,it’snotexpensiveatall.②Iwaswondering

whethershecouldadjusttoliving(live)inthemountainousvillagealone.③(江苏卷)Someschoolswillhavetomakeadjustments(adjust)

inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级④(普通表达)Mike’smotherdidalmosteverythingforhimwhenhewasinhighschool,andthat

made__it__difficult__for__him__to__adjust__to(让他很难适应)thefirst-yearcollegelife.⑤(高级表达)Mike’smotherdidalmosteverythingforhimwhenhewasinhighschoo

l,making__it__difficult__for__him__to__adjust__to__the__first­year__college__life．(现在分词作状语)(1)adjust...to...调整……以适应……adjust(oneself)to...(使自己)适应……

(2)adjustmentn.调整；调节makeanadjustmentto对……进行调整[佳句背诵]Ithinkthatyouwillquicklyadjust(yourself)tothemthought

heweatherandthefoodaredifferentfromyours.虽然天气、食物与你那儿的有所不同，但我相信你会很快适应的。[名师点津]adjustto...和adjust...to...中

的to都是介词，其后需接名词或动名词。informvt.告知；通知[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Now，Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomerelevantdetails.②Thebossaskedhissecretarytokeephimwe

llinformed(inform)oftheprogramme’sprogress.③Hethreatenedto__inform(inform)thegovernmentofhisillegalactiv

ities.[能力提升]——词汇升级④(普通表达)I’mmorethandelightedtotellyouthegoodnewsthatashortEnglishfilmwillbeshownthisweekendino

urschool.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)(高级表达)I’mmorethandelightedtoinform__you__ofthegoodnewsthatashortEnglishfilmwillbeshownthisweeken

dinourschool.(1)informsb.ofsth.告诉/通知某人某事informsb.that/when/how...通知某人……keepsb.informed(of...)使某人随时了解(……)(2)informati

onn.[U]通知；消息；情报；信息[佳句背诵]I’mLiHua,thecaptainofourschoolvolleyballteam.IamwritingtoinformyouthatourteamisgoingtoplayintheNationalLeague.我是李

华，是我们学校排球队的队长。我写信是想通知你我们队要参加全国联赛。(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)congratulatevt.祝贺；庆贺[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·天津卷)IhadhopedtosendPet

eragiftto__congratulate(congratulate)himonhismarriage,butIcouldn’tmanageit.②Congratulations(congratulate)toyouonyourqualificationforthisWor

ldCupFootballChampionship![能力提升]——一句多译我祝贺你在“汉语桥”汉语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。③Iwouldliketo__express__my__congratulations__to__you__onyourreceivingthefi

rstprizeofChineseBridgeChineseSpeechContest.(congratulationn．)④Iwouldliketocongratulate__you__on__yourreceivingthefirstprizeofChineseBrid

geChineseSpeechContest.(congratulatevt.)(1)congratulatesb.onsth.doingsth.祝贺某人某事/做某事(2)congratulationn.祝贺；恭喜congratulationstosb.ons

th.祝贺某人某事[佳句背诵]CongratulationsonyourmakinggreatprogressinlearningChinese.祝贺你在学习汉语方面取得了很大的进步。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)[名师点津]congratulation在用作名

词时常常要用复数形式。resemblevt.像；与……相似[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Sheresembleshersisterinappearancebutnotincharacter.②Theanimalsmakeastrangesound,resemb

ling(resemble)thebarkofadog.[能力提升]——一句多译电影里发生的事和现实生活几乎没有相似之处。③Whathappensinthefilmis__hardly__similar__to

whatactuallyhappened.(similar)④Whathappensinthefilmbears__little__resemblance__towhatactuallyhappened.(resem

blance)(1)resemblesb./sth.(in)...(在……方面)与某人/某物相似(2)resemblancen.相似beararesemblanceto(＝besimilarto...)与……相似[佳句背诵]Fromafar,thereedh

ousesresemblethericedumplingswehaveatDragonBoatFestival.芦苇屋远看像极了我们端午节吃的粽子。getahead取得进步；获得成功；领先[能力提升]——完成句子①对我来讲，此时最重要的是在

工作上获得成功。Getting__ahead__at__workisthemostimportantthingtomeatthemoment.②现在我们必须忘掉所有不愉快的事并且展望未来。Wehavetoforgetallthesadthingsnowandloo

k__ahead．③(全国卷Ⅲ)他虽然受了伤，但是没有被打垮，他仍然是超越我的。Damagedbutnotdefeated,hewasstillahead__of__me．getaheadof超过；胜过goahead前进

；干吧；说吧goaheadwith开始lookahead向前看aheadof在……之前；胜过，超过[佳句背诵]Hewastalkingaboutthewaytogetaheadinbusiness.他正在谈如何成功地拓展

业务。takethe/aformof以……的形式出现(存在)[基础练习]——单句语法填空①IsawMikelastnight—hewasingoodform，whichmademerelieved.②Inotherw

ords,helpintheformofmoneywillbeverywelcome.③(广东卷)Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofente

rtainment.④Youneedtofillin/outaformifyouwanttoapplyforthisposition.[能力提升]——完成句子⑤(重庆卷)自从那时，我已养成了与朋友定期打篮球的习惯

，这有助于我们变得更强大、更自信。Sincethen,I__have__formed__the__habit__of__playing__basketballwithmyfriendsregularly,whichhelpsustogrowstrongera

ndbecomemoreconfident.(1)formthehabitofdoingsth.＝getinto/fallintothehabitofdoingsth.养成做某事的习惯(2)intheformof以……的形式；呈现……的

形式inform竞技状态佳的outofform竞技状态不佳的fillin/outaform填表[佳句背诵]Usuallythesefavorstaketheformofanintroduction,reference,feedback,orbroadcasto

nsocialmedia.通常情况下，这些人情的表现形式是相互介绍、做出担保、给予反馈或者在社交媒体上传播信息。catchon学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解；被接受[一词多义]——写出下列

句中catchon的含义①Heinventedanewgame，butitneverreallycaughton.流行起来②Heisveryquicktocatchontothings.理解③Ithink

thisnovelwillcatchonwellafteritcomesout.受欢迎④Ifonlythisideacouldcatchon，weshouldbeabletomakemuchmoneyoutofit.被接受[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单

句改错⑤ItisanicesongandIthinkitwillcatchonquickly.⑥Johnrantoofastformetocatchupwithhim.⑦Thegirldressedinwhitewasoncecaughtstealfromthes

upermarket.steal→stealing⑧Hewaswalkinginthestreetwhenhecaughtthesightofabirdinthetree.删除第二个thecatchholdof抓住

catchup(with)赶上catchsb.doingsth.撞见某人做某事catchsightof看见[佳句背诵]①Motherscatchontowhattheirchildrenthinkabou

t.妈妈们最理解她们的孩子们在想什么。②Keepaneyeoutforthebeautiful,observetheunusual,andcatchsightofthesurprising.留意周围不经意的美丽，观

察那些不同寻常的事物，捕捉那令人惊艳的一瞥。[名师点津]“v.＋on”的相关短语还有：agreeon,carryon,comeon,dependon,focuson等。ontheotherhand另一方面；反过来

说[基础练习]——单句语法填空①ToimproveyourEnglish,firstly,youshouldlistenmore；secondly(second),youshouldreadmore；lastbutnotleast,youshouldputwhatyouhavel

earnedintouse.②Theydidn’tbuythecar.Foronething,theydidn’tlikeitscolor;foranother,__itwastooexpensive.[能力提升]——完成句子③(2018·浙江卷6月)一方面，我精通英语；另一方面我有陪伴外

国朋友的经验。On__the__one__hand,__IhaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish；on__the__other__handIhavesomeexperienceinaccompanyingforeignfrien

ds.④一方面，我对那部电影没有兴趣；另一方面，我没有时间。For__one__thing,__Idon’thaveanyinterestinthatmovie;for__another,__Ihavenotime.表示列举的表达方式：(1)on(the)one

hand...;ontheotherhand...一方面……；另一方面……(2)foronething...;foranother(thing)...首先/一则……；其次/二则……(3)first(ly

)...;second(ly)...第一……；第二……[名师点津](1)ontheonehand...;ontheotherhand...“一方面……；另一方面……”，常用来表述一个事物的两个方面，通常用于引

出不同的，尤其对立的观点、思想等。(2)foronething...;foranother(thing)．..“首先……；其次……”，所述两个方面的情况常常一致。whether...or...无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……(教材P6)Quality

inputensuresqualityoutput，whetheritisspeakingorwriting.无论是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(山东卷)Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryoupaybycashorcreditca

rdinthisstore.②(2018·北京卷)WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.[能力提升]——

完成句子③(牛津词典)不管成功与否，我们确实已尽了最大努力。Whether__we__are__successful__or__not,__wecanbesurethatwedidourbest.(让步状语从

句)④究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待验证。Whether__it__will__do__us__harm__or__good__remainstobeseen.(主语从句)(1)whether...or...“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。(2)

whether...or...也可引导名词性从句作主语或宾语。(3)whether也可和ornot连用。[佳句背诵]Yoursonmaynotbethebestbasketballplayeronhisteam.Butifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghar

d,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.你儿子可能不是他队里最好的篮球运动员。但是如果他每天都在那里努力训练，不管他的球队是赢还是输，你都应该

对他的努力提出表扬。(2019·浙江卷6月)providedthat引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，倘若”(教材P12)Thirdly,yousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.第三，你们说如果我预付货款就有折扣。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空①I’llagreetogotothatfamouscityprovided(provide)thatmyexpensesarepaid.②Given(give)thatflightsarefullybookedonthatday—whichotherday

couldwego?[能力提升]——一句多译只要你把作业做完，你就可以出去玩。③Youcangoouttoplayas__long__as__you__finish__your__homework．(aslonga

s)④Youcangoouttoplayon__condition__that__you__finish__your__homework．(onconditionthat)⑤Youcangoouttoplayprovided__that__you__finish__y

our__homework．(providedthat)此句中的providedthat为连词，表示“如果，倘若”，引导条件状语从句，that可以省去，也可用providing替换provided。与之同义的结构还有suppose/supposing

that/giventhat/assumingthat/aslongas/onconditionthat等。[佳句背诵]①Providedthatthereisnoobjection,wewillbeginthenextitem.如果没有异议，我们将开始下一

个项目。②Providingthathecanwinthesupportofmostofhisclassmates,hewillbeelectedmonitor.如果他能赢得大多数同学的支持，他就会被选为班长。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．(2018·天津卷)Itto

okhimalongtimetoacquire(acquisition)theskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.2．Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoun

dhimselfsurrounded(surround)．3．MyhorseturnedtothelefttoavoidthelittlerabbitasIheldontightly(tight)andtriednottofall.4．Itisimpossibletosaywi

thanyaccuracy(accurate)howmanyareaffected.5．Withthelevelsofcarbondioxideintheairincreasingrapidly,theglobal(globe)temperatureco

ntinuesgoingup.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．ItisreportedthatamineaccidenthappenedinatowninShanxiProvince.2．Thebossaskedustokeephiminformedofwhat’s

goingoninthecompany.3．Wehavebeentrainingourstudentstoadjustthemselvestothelifehere.4．Provided/Providingthattheyrefu

seourplan，whoelsecanyouturntoforhelp?5．Youmayevencatchsightofapolarbearontheice.维度三易错混用(改正下列句子中的错误)1．Theoldmanhasadjustedhimselft

oliveinthisbigcitysincehecamehere.live→living2．Beingaforeigner，Mikedidnotcatchonthejokeatthetime.在on后加to3．Providethat

thepriceisreasonable，Iwillbuythesecond­handcar.Provide→Provided/Providing4．Helikesthekindofcar，whichhasguaranteedforoneyearforpartsandlabor.在has

后加been5．Theteacherwouldinformthewomananyprogressthathersonmadeatschool.在any前加of维度四语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．Weofferedoursincerecongr

atulationstoherwhenshefinallygraduatedfromcollege.祝贺2．Surroundedbytheseaonthreesides,modernQingdaoisconsider

edoneofthemostlivablecitiesinChina.包围；环绕3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptextinforminghimthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital,w

aitingforthearrivalofababy.告知；通知4．Onlywhenoneisingoodhealthcanheguaranteeefficientlearning.保证5．Asanoldsayinggoes,“Happinessis

nottheabsenceofproblems,buttheabilitytodealwiththem.”不存在提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Asacandidate

,Davidworkedveryhardtoattainhistarget.Ontheonehand,headjusted1.himself(him)tothenewsurroundings.Ontheotherhand,hekepthimself2.inform

ed(inform)ofthelatestnews.Besides,3.to__ensure(ensure)adequatechancestospeak,heregisteredforclassesonline,4.becausehewasawarethatitwa

shardtolearnEnglishwell5.intheabsenceofnativespeakers.6.Whatsurprisedallwasthathenotmerelyattendedclasses7.punctually(punctual)andreadbooksadapte

dforbeginners,buthealso8.enlarged(enlarge)hisvocabularythroughdifferent9.media(medium).Atlast,hishardwork10.paid

(pay)offandallofhisfriendscongratulatedhimonhisprogress.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①在当今社会，说流利的英语对我们非常重要。Itisver

yimportantforustospeak__fluent__Englishintoday’sworld.②要掌握一门外语，我认为扩大词汇量是必不可少的。Toacquireagoodknowledgeofaforeignlanguage,Ithinkit__is__es

sential__to__enlarge__our__vocabulary．③我们应该尽量置身于母语是英语的人的包围之中。Weshouldtry__to__be__surrounded__by__those__native__speakers．④我们不能太依赖母语。Weshouldn’tr

ely__on__our__mother__tongue__too__much．⑤只要我们坚持努力练习，迟早我们会脱颖而出的。IfwekeeppracticingEnglish,wewillstand__out__sooner__or__later

．2．升级平淡句⑥用“beof＋名词”升级句①It__is__of__great__importance__for__us__to__speak__fluent__English__in__today’s__world.

⑦用aslongas引导条件状语从句升级句⑤As__long__as__we__keep__practicing__English,__we__will__stand__out__sooner__or__later.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词

汇：firstofall,secondly,lastly)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Itisofgreatimportancefo

rustospeakfluentEnglishintoday’sworld.Toacquireagoodknowledgeofaforeignlanguage,Ithink,firstofall,itisessentialto

enlargeourvocabulary.Secondly,weshouldtrytobesurroundedbythosenativespeakers.Lastly,weshouldn’trelyonourmotherto

nguetoomuch.AslongaswekeeppracticingEnglish,wewillstandoutsoonerorlater.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇完形Ⅰ阅读理解A(2020·太原模拟)Gabriella’sfamilyimmigrat

edtotheUSfromPeruwhenshewastwoyearsold.Asacompoundbilingual(熟谙两种语言的人),Gabrielladevelopstwolinguisticcodesatthesam

etime,withasetofconcepts,learningbothEnglishandSpanish.Herteenagebrother,ontheotherhand,mightbeacoordinatebilingual,workingwithtwosetso

fconcepts,learningEnglishinschool,Spanishathome.Finally,Gabriella’sparentsarelikelytobesubordinatebilingualswholea

rnedasecondlanguagebytranslatingitintotheirmothertongue.Regardlessofaccentandpronunciation,alltypesofbilingualpeoplecanbecomefullyprofic

ientinalanguage.Itseemsthatthedifferencemaynotbeapparent.Butrecentlybrainimagingtechnologyhasgivenaglimpseintohowspecificaspectsoflanguag

elearningaffectthebilingualbrain.It’swellknownthatthebrain’slefthemisphere(半球)isinchargeoflogicalproces

ses,whiletherighthemisphereismoreactiveinemotionalandsocialones.Languageinvolvesbothtypesoffunctions.Cr

iticalperiodhypothesissayschildrenlearnlanguagesmoreeasilybecausetheirdevelopingbrainsletthemusebothhemispheresinlanguagelear

ning,whileinmostadults,languagereliesononehemisphere,usuallytheleft.Beforethe1960s,bilingualismwascon

sideredahandicapthatslowedthechildren’sdevelopmentbyforcingthemtospendtoomuchenergydistinguishingbetweenlanguages.Butarecentstudydidsh

owthatbilingualismmaymakeyousmarter.Itdoesmakeyourbrainmorecomplex,healthier,andmoreactivelyengaged,andevenifyoudi

dn’thavethegoodfortuneoflearningasecondlanguagelikeachild,it’snevertoolatetodoyourselfafavorandmaketheli

nguisticleapfrom“Hello”to“Hola”“Bonjour”or“nihao”becausewhenitcomestoourbrains,alittleexercisecangoa

longway.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更加聪明、更加健康、更活跃；学习外语永远不迟。1．WhyisGabriella’sfamilyusedastheexampleinParagraph1?A．Toshowthatthefamilyarebilinguals.B．

Toexplaintheadvantagesofbilinguals.C．Toillustratethethreetypesofbilinguals.D．Toproveallagescanlearnforeignlanguag

es.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。2．Whydothechildrenlearnlanguagesmoreeasilythanadults

?A．Becausetheylearnlanguageswithasetofconcepts.B．Becausetheyusebothhemispherestolearnlanguages.C．Becausetheirmotherto

nguedoesn’tinfluencethemmuch.D．Becausetheycaneasilytranslateonelanguageintoanother.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“childrenlearnlanguagesmoreeasilybecau

setheirdevelopingbrainsletthemusebothhemispheresinlanguagelearning,whileinmostadults,languagereliesononehemisphere,usuallytheleft”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发

育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个大脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个大脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlin

edword“handicap”inParagraph3?A．Disease.B．Disability.C．Disadvantage.D．Illness.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Beforethe1960s,bilingualismwasconsidered

ahandicapthatslowedthechildren’sdevelopmentbyforcingthemtospendtoomuchenergydistinguishingbetweenlanguages.”尤其是该句

中的“slowed”和“forcingthemtospendtoomuchenergydistinguishingbetweenlanguages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．The

leftbrainismoreimportantforlanguagelearning.B．Learninglanguagescanpromotethebraindevelopment.C．Theproficiencyoflanguagebecomesweakgraduallywit

hage.D．Immigrantshaveadvantagesinlearninglanguagesovernatives.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“Butarecentstudydids

howthatbilingualismmaymakeyousmarter.Itdoesmakeyourbrainmorecomplex,healthier,andmoreactivelyengaged”可知，最近的一项研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明。它确实会让你的大脑

更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，学习语言会促进大脑的发展，故B项正确。B(2020·郑州高三第二次质量预测)ThomasCheathamhadplannedtostudyLatinduringhistimeatHebronHighSchoolinTexas.Butwhen

helearnedthattheschooldistrictwasgoingtoofferaMandarin(普通话)class,hequicklychangedhismind.“IthoughtMandarinwouldb

emorebeneficialthanLatin，”saidCheatham,whoisnowinhissecondyearofstudyingthelanguage.HespeaksMandarintoorderfoodatChineser

estaurantsandcanreadsocialmediapostsfromhisChinese-speakingfriends.Whileit’sadifficultlanguagetomaster,thehighscho

oljunior,whoplanstostudycomputerengineering,thinksitwillbeimportantforhiscareer.“Chineseisagoodlanguageto

know,especiallywithChinabecomingagrowingpower，”hesaid.Manyexpertsagreethatproficiency(熟练)inalanguagespokenbyabillionpeopleworldwide

willgiveAmericanstudentsanedgeintheglobaleconomy.“PeoplearelookingatChinaasournexteconomiccompetitor,andinterestinMandarinisgrowingfast，”sai

dMartyAbbott,directoroftheAmericanCouncilontheTeachingofForeignLanguages.“We’reseeingitinallpartsofthecountry.”Abbottpredictst

hatasmanyas100，000studentsarenowstudyingMandarininpublicandprivateschoolsthroughouttheUS.ShesaidtheUSgovernmenthasdesi

gnated(指定)Mandarinasan“importantneed”languageandprovidesprofessionaldevelopmentprogramsforteachers.“Ourgovernmentwantstoincreaseourlanguageabilityf

oreconomiccompetitiveness，”Abbottadded.Atthesametime,theChinesegovernmentisspreadingknowledgeoftheChineselanguageandculturethr

oughConfuciusInstitutessetupinmanyUSstates.Forexample,theConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofTexasatDallashasbeenthehomeofaConfuciusIn

stitutefor10years.ItsponsorsConfuciusClassroomsat21localpublicandprivateschools,wheretensofthousandsofstud

entsarelearningMandarin.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了普通话在美国学生中日益流行。5．WhydidThomasCheathamdecidetostudyMandarininsteadofLatin?A．Mandarinwa

seasiertolearnthanLatin.B．Mandarincouldbehelpfultohisfuturecareer.C．MandarinmighthelphimlearnmoreaboutChina.D．Manda

rincouldenablehimtostudycomputerengineering.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Whileit’sadifficultlanguagetomaster,thehighschooljunior,whopl

anstostudycomputerengineering,thinksitwillbeimportantforhiscareer.”可知，ThomasCheatham认为学习普通话对他的未来职业有帮助，所以才决定学习普通话。6．Theunder

linedword“edge”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．aslightadvantageB．theoutsidelimitC．asharptoneofvoiceD．anexcitingqu

alityA解析：词义猜测题。根据语境尤其是第三段最后一句中的“Chineseisagoodlanguagetoknow,especiallywithChinabecomingagrowingpower”和第四段第一句中的“alanguagespokenbyabillio

npeople”可知，随着中国的发展，学习普通话大有裨益，由此可推知，学习普通话让美国学生在全球经济中有一定的优势，这与文章第五段的内容呼应。故画线词意为“优势”，与A项含义相近。7．WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightM

artyAbbottagreewith?A．MandarinshouldbetaughtinclassroomsthroughouttheUS.B．ThoseskilledatChinesewillbethemostcompetitiveinthefuture.C．TheUSgo

vernment’spolicyhashelpedpopularizeMandarinintheUS.D．AmericanslearnMandarinbecausetheyworryabouttheireconomicsecurity.C解析：推理判

断题。根据语境尤其是对第六段的整体理解可推知，在MartyAbbott看来，美国政府的政策有助于普通话在美国的推广。8．Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A．The

risingpopularityofMandarinamongAmericanstudents.B．ThegreatbenefitsoflearningMandarinforAmericanstude

nts.C．TheinfluenceofChina’sgrowingpoweronAmericaneducation.D．TheeffectofConfuciusInstitutesinpromotingMandarinintheUS.A解析：主旨大意题

。根据对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是普通话在美国学生中日益流行的现象，这与最后一段的进一步论述呼应。故选A。Ⅱ完形填空(2020·信阳高三调研)Inaclean,clinicalroom,mybestfriendwas

dyinginmyarms.Hiseyes,darkbrownandtrusting,wouldsoon__1__forever.Heartbroken,Isaid,“Flash,you__2__somuchhapp

inesstome.Iwilldosomethinggoodasa__3__．”Flashcameintomy__4__whenIwasnine.Fromthemomentmyparentsbroughtthiscuted

oghome,he__5__myfamilywithjoy.Then,__6__happened.MymumwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancerwhenIwas11.Thenmygrandma,whowasmy_

_7__，passedaway.MysisterdevelopedCrohn’sdiseaseandwhilebeingtested,__8__aheartattack.Iwasbeingbulliedats

choolandstartedto__9__classesandavoidseeingpeople.Flashsoongavemeallthe__10__hecouldoffer.ThereweretimeswhenIfeltthere

wasno__11__，butapairofbrowneyesandlovingfacewouldsomehoweaseme.Iknewhewas__12__thereforme.Iknewheunderstood.Nowafter15years

,Flashwas__13__.Ithoughtdoingcharityworkwasthebestrewardforhim.I__14__inanon-profitorganizationinSouthamptonandcontributedabout3，50

0hoursto__15__childrenwithspecialneeds,whichcompletelychangedmylife.Ilearnedtolovethe__16__Ihadbeenon,andevenacceptthe__17__bits

.IstillmissFlash.Itwashimthathadsomehow__18__metohelpothers.Flash’sdeathwasoneofthe__19__momentsofmylife.Butitwasalsoaninspiringmomentthat__20__w

hoIwas—inthebestpossibleway—forever.【解题导语】陪伴“我”多年的狗去世了，“我”悲痛欲绝，因为它曾经在“我”人生最艰难的时期陪伴“我”；狗离开“我”之后，“我”开始思考如何回报它的陪伴；于

是，“我”加入了志愿者服务行列。1．A.openB．closeC．shineD．fadeB解析：根据本段第一句中的“mybestfriendwasdying”可知，狗就要去世了，它的眼睛即将永远闭上。故选B。2．A.broughtB．toldC．savedD．ow

edA解析：根据第二段的内容可知，“我”九岁时，Flash走进“我”的生活，陪伴“我”；由此可知，此处表示它曾经给“我”带来了那么多的快乐。故选A。3．A.reliefB．chanceC．bonusD．rewardD解析：根据第五段中的“Itho

ughtdoingcharityworkwasthebestrewardforhim.”可知，为了报答Flash的陪伴，“我”将尽自己的能力做一些事情回报它。故选D。4．A.mindB．roomC．worldD．powerC解析：根据下文中的“myparentsbroughtthis

cutedoghome”可知，在“我”九岁时，Flash进入“我”的世界。故选C。5．A.helpedB．filledC．protectedD．decoratedB解析：根据语境可知，Flash让“我”的家充满欢乐。故选B。6．A.disastersB．s

toriesC．wondersD．mistakesA解析：根据下文可知，母亲患了癌症，祖母去世了，妹妹也生病了，并且“我”在学校受到同学的欺负。由此可知，“我”的家庭经历了一系列不幸的事情，故选A。7．A.burdenB．troubl

eC．strengthD．challengeC解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，祖母当时是“我”的力量源泉。故选C。8．A.causedB．noticedC．foughtD．sufferedD解析：根据该句中的“w

hilebeingtested”和“aheartattack”可推知，妹妹当时在检查的过程中，遭受了心脏病的折磨。故选D。9．A.skipB．giveC．takeD．enjoyA解析：根据该句中的“bei

ngbulliedatschool”和“avoidseeingpeople”可知，“我”当时在学校受到欺负，并且开始避开人群。由此可推知，“我”当时开始逃课。故选A。10．A.commentB．comfortC．exp

ectationD．relaxationB解析：根据该段中的“easeme”和“Iknewheunderstood.”可知，Flash给了“我”极大的安慰。故选B。11．A.hopeB．timeC．moneyD．useA解析：根据第三段的内容可知，“我”曾经遇到了一系列的不幸，“我”时常感

到生活没有了希望，但是Flash棕色的眼睛、可爱的脸庞总是能让“我”感到宽慰。故选A。12．A.frequentlyB．sometimesC．hardlyD．alwaysD解析：根据上文可知，Flash

总是能够在“我”最困难的时候，一直陪伴“我”。故选D。13．A.agingB．goneC．missingD．desertedB解析：根据本文第一句并结合该句可知，现在，15年后，Flash去世了。故选B。14．A.searchedB．competedC．voluntee

redD．performedC解析：根据下文中的“anon-profitorganization”和“contributedabout3，500hours”可知，“我”自愿在一家非营利机构工作。故选C。15．A.attendingtoB．meetingwit

hC．talkingaboutD．bringingupA解析：根据下文中的“childrenwithspecialneeds”可知，“我”贡献了大约3500个小时来照看有特殊需要的孩子。故选A。A项意为“照料

”。16．A.earthB．journeyC．holidayD．streetB解析：根据上文中的“whichcompletelychangedmylife”可知，通过志愿者服务，“我”的生活完全变了，“我”开始喜欢自己过去所经历

的旅程，甚至接受了最难接受的那些事情。故选B。17．A.fantasticB．absurdC．hardD．pleasantC解析：参见上题解析。18．A.ledB．forcedC．trainedD．persuadedA解析：根据

空前一句“IstillmissFlash.”及下文中的“aninspiringmoment”可知，Flash引导“我”去帮助他人。故选A。19．A.fullestB．craziestC．tiniestD．saddestD解析：根据第一段中的“Heartbroken”可知，Flash的去世

是“我”人生中最难过的时刻之一。故选D。20．A.explainedB．transformedC．admittedD．describedB解析：根据第五段中的“whichcompletelychangedmylife”并结合本段内容可知，Flash的去世也是让“我”发

生改变的时刻。故选B。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇语法填空Ⅰ阅读理解A(2020·合肥重点高中摸底)Mostdogownersareconvincedthattheirfour­leggedfriendsknowexactlywhattheymeanwhe

ntheyusecertainwordslike“sit”，“stay”or“treat”.However,researchershavealwayswonderedwhetherdogsreallyunderstandhumanspeechoriftheyrelyonotherinform

ationtogetthemeaning.Forexample,doestheword“fetch”formapictureofastickorballinthedog’smind,ordoesthedogbringbacktheobjectb

asedontheowner’svoiceorgesture?AnewstudybyscientistsatAtlanta’sEmoryUniversityseemstoindicatethat“man’sbestfriend”doesindeedknowwhattheowne

rissaying.Theresearchersbeganbyaskingtheownersoftwelvedogsofvariouskindstotraintheirpetstoidentifytwotoysofdifferentma

terials,suchasatoyanimalandaball.Oncethedogshadmasteredthetask,theytookturnsinsideaspecialscanner.Theownersthentestedtheirdo

g’slanguageskillbyfirstcallingoutthenamesofthetoystheyhadbeentrainedtorecognizeandthensayingmeaninglesswordssuchas“bob

bu”and“bodmick”whileholdinguprandomobjectsthedogshadn’tseenbefore.Thescanssuggestedthatthepartsofthedogs’brainsrespo

nsibleforprocessingsoundsshoweddifferentbrainpatternswhentheyheardwordstheywerefamiliarwith,comparedwiththeones

theyhadneverheardbefore.Whilethatwasnotenoughtoprovethatthedogswerepicturingtheirtoyswhentheyheardtheword,itdidindicatesome

sortofrecognition.Theresearchersbelievethisisanimportantstepinunderstandinghowdogsprocesslanguage.Somethingevenmoreinteres

tingwasthatthedog’sbrainsshowedahigherlevelofneural(神经的)activityatthesoundofunknownwords.Thisistheexactoppositeofwhathappensinhumanbrains,whi

chgetmoreactiveatthesoundoffamiliarwords.Theresearcherssaythedogsmaybecomecheerfulatthesoundofnewwordstotrytounderstan

dtheminthehopeofdelightingtheirmasters.“Dogswanttopleasetheirowners,andperhapsalsowanttoreceivepraiseorfood，”saysEmoryneuroscientistGregoryBerns,seni

orauthorofthestudy.However,thoughapetmayunderstandhumanspeech,thescientistsrecommendusingvisualsignalsandsmellfortraining.“Whenpeoplewantt

oteachtheirdogatrick,theyoftenusespokencommandsbecausethat’swhatwehumansprefer，”Prichardsays.“Fromthedog’sview,however

,avisualcommandmightbemoreeffective,helpingthedoglearnthetrickfaster.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，狗的确能理解主人说的话。1．W

hat’sthepurposeofthenewstudy?A．Toconvincedogownerstounderstandtheirdogs.B．Toadvisedogownerstotreattheirdogskindly.C．Toprovedogsfollowowners

’orderbylistening.D．Totestouthowdogsgetinformationfromowners.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“AnewstudybyscientistsatAtlanta’sEmoryUniversityseemstoin

dicatethat‘man’sbestfriend’doesindeedknowwhattheownerissaying.”可知，亚特兰大的埃默里大学的科学家进行的一项新研究似乎表明，“人类最好的朋友”确实知道主人在说什么，并结合全文可知，该研究的目的是测试狗是如何理解

主人的话的，故D项正确。2．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?A．Informtheresultoftheresearch.B．Statetheprocessoftheresearch.C．Stresstheimportanceoft

heresearch.D．Introducethesubjectsoftheresearch.B解析：写作意图题。根据第二段第一句“Theresearchersbeganbyaskingtheownersoftwelvedogsofvariouskindstotraintheirpetstoid

entifytwotoysofdifferentmaterials,suchasatoyanimalandaball.”并结合该段内容可知，该段主要介绍了进行研究的过程，包括让不同品种的狗识别不同材料的两个玩具等，据此可知，该

段旨在介绍研究过程，故B项正确。3．Howdohumanbrainsanddogbrainsreacttowords?A．Humanbrainsbecomeactiveinunfamiliarwords.B．Dogbrains

becomedelightedatunfamiliarwords.C．Humanbrainsarenotsensitivetofamiliarwords.D．Dogbrainsshownoresponsetofamiliarwords.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段前两句

“Somethingevenmoreinteresting...Thisistheexactoppositeofwhathappensinhumanbrains,whichgetmoreactiveatthesoundoffamiliar

words.”可知，对于不熟悉的单词，狗的大脑呈现出高水平的神经活动，而人类的大脑相反，故B项正确。4．Whatdoscientistsadvisetheownerstodoindogtraining?A．Givedogsoralcommands.B．Tea

chdogsnewtricks.C．Involvesightandsmell.D．Encouragefasterlearning.C解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第一句“However,thoughapetmayundersta

ndhumanspeech,thescientistsrecommendusingvisualsignalsandsmellfortraining.”可知，尽管狗可能理解人类的语言，但科学家们建议使用视觉信号和嗅觉来训练它们，故C项正确。B(2020·贵阳适应性考试一)Brits(英国人)are

extremelybadatlanguages,withmanyofusrelyingonthefactthattherestoftheworldspeakEnglish.Onlyhalf(51%)areabletospeakasecondlanguagetoa

nystandardandasmorepeopletravelabroad,thisisbecominganincreasingregret,accordingtoanewstudy.Almosttwo­thirds(62

%)ofUKadultswishtheywerebetteratspeakinglanguages.Sotheycanbetterunderstandacity’sculture(38%ofrespondents),talkwit

hlocals(24%)andgobeyondtheguidebook(21%)．Overcominglanguagebarrierscanbeoneofthemostdifficultpartsofaholiday,particularlywhe

ninunfamiliarsurroundings.Sostressfulinthefactthat10%ofrespondentssaidtheydidn’ttravelbecauseoftheproblem.ThesurveybyHostelworldshowedtha

toneinfiveblamedgettinglostonthelanguagebarrier,whileasimilarnumberhadproblemsorderingfoodandoneintengot

onthewrongtrain,planeorotherformoftransportation.Iflanguagesweren’tanissuethenoneineight(12%)Britswouldvisit

Japan.China,ItalyandRussiawerealsopopularchoices.Despitethecommunicationproblem,Japanhasseena7.5%increase

inthenumberofBritishvisitorsbetweenJanuaryandApril,comparedtothistimelastyear.“ThenumberofBritishtravelerstoJapanhasbeengrow

ingyearonyear，”accordingtoHollieMantle,marketingandcommunicationmanagerfortheJapaneseTouristBoard.“PeoplearerealizingthatJapanisoneofthem

osthospitableandbeautifulcountriesonearth,withsomanynewexperiencesfortravelerstotry,nottomentionworld­classcuisine！”Theyhadthismessage

forBritsthinkingaboutvisiting：“Thoughsometravelersworryaboutlanguagebarriers,assoonasyouarriveinJapan,you’llre

alizethatpeoplewillgooutoftheirwaytohelpyouenjoytheircountry.Therereallyarefew‘barriers’—roadsignsandtrainstationsareinEnglish,y

ou’llfindthatpeoplespeakmoreEnglishthantheyleton,andevenwhentheydon’t,theywillgoaboveandbeyondtohelpyouout.”【解题导语】本文主要介绍了语言障碍成为英国人出国旅游的一大

顾虑。5．Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Britsarepooratlanguages.B．Britsregretwhattheyhavedone.C．Brit

slikerelyingonothers.D．Britsaregoodatlanguages.A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Brits(英国人)areextremelybadatlanguages,withmanyofusrelyingonthefactthattherestofthewo

rldspeakEnglish.”点题，并结合对前两段的整体理解可推知，英国人的语言能力比较差，故选A。6．HowmanyBritscan’torderfoodcorrectlybecauseoflangua

gebarriers?A．About10%.B．About12%.C．About20%.D．About21%.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ThesurveybyHostelworldshowedthatoneinfiveblam

edgettinglostonthelanguagebarrier,whileasimilarnumberhadproblemsorderingfood”可知，1/5即20%的英国人因为语言障碍不能正确点餐，故选C。7．Howisthetex

tmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingdescription.D．Bylistingdata.D解析：写作手法题。根据对文章的整体理解可知，本文列举了大量的数据来论证作者的观点，由此可推知，本文是通过列

出数据来展开的，故选D。Ⅱ七选五(2020·合肥第二次质检)What’sthepurposeofbuildingpatienceabilities?Inaword,happiness.Betterrelation

ships,moresuccess.Butindeedittakeseffortstobuildthemsuccessfully.1.________Thus,whenthebigonescome,wewillhavedevelopedthep

atienceweneedforhardtimes.Understandtheaddictivenatureofangerandimpatience.We,humanbeings,arestillconstructedwithouroldreptilian(

爬行动物的)brainthatprotectsourphysicalandemotionalsurvival.Ontheemotionalsurvivalside,wewantourwaytogeta

head,toachieve,andto“lookgood”.Let’sjustfaceit.2.________Sothefirststepingrowingpatienceistogetintouchwiththeaddictivequalityofth

eoppositeofpatience—anger,impatience,blameandshame.Weallhavethem.Andwecangrowbeyondthem.Upgradeourattitudetowa

rdsdiscomfortandpain.Painhasitspurposesandpushesustofindsolutions—wetrytochangetheotherperson,situationorthingthatwethink

iscausingourdiscomfort.Buttheproblemisthatitisnottheoutsidethingthat’sthesourceofourpain,buthowourmindisset.3.________Payatt

entionwhentheimpatienceorpainstarts.Mostofusdon’treallyrealizeitwhenwearefeelingeventhesmallest—butv

erypresent—painfulfeelings.4.________Buttoreallycareforourselves,getcuriousaboutwhat’sactuallyhappeninginthemomentinsideyou.Fo

cusingonwhat’sactuallyhappening,youcannoticetheworryofnotwantingwhat’shappening,theresistance.5．________Whenyoufin

dyourselfimpatient,orangrywithyourself,youcanremindyourselfthatyouaregrowing,andthat,“Sure,thisisunderstandable;thisiswhathap

penstomewhenI’mbothered.”Youcansaytoyourself,“It’strue.Idon’tlikethis;thisisuncomfortable,butIcantole

rateit.”A．Practicepositiveselftalk.B．Sothesolutiontopainisaninsidejob.C．Patienceabilitiesbenefityouinmanyways.D．Learntoforgiv

eyourselfforbeingimpatientinhardtimes.E．Weignorethefactthatwe’reinpainandfocuscompletelyonfixingtheproblem.F．Theurgetoprotectourselvesa

ndwhatweconsidervaluableisabsolutelyhabit­forming.G．Effectivewaysarerecommendedtotrainourselvestoworkwithlittlepai

nandannoyance.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了培养耐心的几个有效的方法。1．G解析：根据空后一句“Thus,whenthebigonescome,wewill...hardtimes.”可知，成功地培养耐心需要花费精力，因而推荐一些有效的方法用来训练我们应对痛苦及烦恼的

能力，因此当更大的麻烦来临时，我们将已经有耐心应对困难的时刻。故G项符合语境。2．F解析：根据空后的“Sothefirststep...blameandshame.”可推知，保护我们自己和我们认为有价

值的东西的冲动绝对是由习惯养成的，因此要做的第一步就是了解负面情绪根深蒂固的本性。故选F。3．B解析：根据空前一句“Buttheproblemisthatitisnottheoutsidethingthat’sthesourceo

fourpain,buthowourmindisset.”可知，问题不是出现在引起痛苦的外在因素上，而是出现在我们的思考方式上，因此解决痛苦是一种内在的活动。故选B。4．E解析：根据空前一句“Mostofusdon

’treallyrealizeit...painfulfeelings.”及空后的“getcuriousaboutwhat’sactuallyhappeninginthemomentinsideyou”可知，我们经常忽略

了这样一个事实，即我们处于痛苦之中，而我们关注的焦点总是全部集中在解决问题上。5．A解析：根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为段落主题句；通读本段可知，本段主要是说要积极地自我对话，故A项符合语境。Ⅲ语法填空(2020·长春质量监测一)ItusedtobecommontoseeUSteen

agersbusyatfast-foodrestaurantscookingburgersand1.____________(clean)tables,especiallyduringthesummervacation.2.____________，thesceneis

becominglesscommon.Insteadoffindingsummerjobs,manyUSteenagersarespending3.____________(they)freetimetakingclasses.AccordingtoThe

Atlantic,thischangepartlyresults4.____________thelowteenearningspayinglittletowardthecostsofcollege.Formanystu

dentswhoaregoingtoattendcollege,themoneyfromsummerjobsdoesn’tliveuptotheir5.____________(expect)atall.Meanwhil

e,USteenagers’increasinginterestineducation6.____________(account)forthisaswell.Theygotosummerschoolto

learn7.____________theymightnothavetimeforaftertheyleaveschool,which8.____________(consider)asawisechoice.Despitethis,asummerjo

bisstillbelievedtobenefitteenagers.Earlyworkexperienceis9.____________humanactivitythatdevelopspeople’ssocialskills.Whenkidsarewo

rking,theygraduallygain10.____________(practice)knowledgeandunderstandingofthelabormarket.【解题导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国青少年暑期生活的变化。1．clea

ning解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与前面的cooking并列作bebusy(in)doingsth.结构的宾语。2．However解析：考查副词。由上文中的“Itusedtobecommon”以及空后的“thesceneisb

ecominglesscommon”可知，此处前后句构成转折关系，故用However。3．their解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，空处修饰名词freetime，故应用they的形容词性物主代词their在句中作定语，表示“他们的”。4．from解析：考查固定

搭配。这种变化部分是由青少年得到的薪水很低而难以支付大学的费用造成的。resultfrom“(由……而)造成”为固定搭配。5．expectations解析：考查词性转换和名词的单复数。根据语境及空前的“their”可知，

空处应用expect的名词复数形式，表示“他们的那些期望”。6．accounts解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，文章介绍的是一般情况，且主语是USteenagers’increasinginterest，因此谓语

动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式accounts。7．what解析：考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词learn的宾语，指物，因此填what。8．isconsidered解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，文章介绍的是一般情况，应用一般现在时

，此处表示“这被认为是一个明智的选择”，应用被动语态，故用一般现在时的被动语态。9．a解析：考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“humanactivity”可知，此处表示泛指“一项人类活动”，且human的发音以辅音音素

开头，故用不定冠词a。10．practical解析：考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用practical“实用的”。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com