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Unit3Inventorsandinventions【题目优选】学校校报征集英语稿件，要求以“Myfavouriteinvention”为标题，描述你最喜欢的一种发明。在所有的现代发明中，你最喜欢笔记本电脑(lapt

op)，因为它重量轻，体积小，容易携带，随处可用，学习娱乐均可。请根据以上内容写出征文。【经典范文】MyfavouriteinventionWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,manynewinventi

onsmakeourdailylifeeasierandmoreconvenient.Amongalltheinventions,Ilikethelaptopbest.Ithinkitisthemostamazinginventioninthe20thcentury.Laptopsare

lightandsmall,makingthemeasytocarry.Withalaptop,wecanwork,studyandentertainourselvesanywherewelike.AlaptopcanaccesstheInternet,w

hichenablesustogetthelatestinformationwheneverwewant.Usingalaptop,Icankeepintouchwithmyfriendsandfamilythroughe－mailsandQQatanytimeandin

anyplace.Ithinkinthefuture,everybodywillhavehisorherownlaptop.【名师点拨】文章运用了多样化的短语及句式结构。如：keepintouchwith(和……保持联系)；atanytime(在任何时候)以及介词短语作状语：Withthe

developmentofscienceandtechnology;宾语从句：itisthemostamazinginventioninthe20thcentury；定语从句：whichenablesustogetthelatestinformationwhenever

wewant；现在分词短语作状语：Usingalaptop等。1．核心单词(1)distinguish(vi.&vt.)显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别→distinguished(adj.)杰出的；著名的(2)merciful(adj.)宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→merc

y(n.)宽恕；仁慈(3)convenient(adj.)便利的；方便的；就近的→convenience(n.)方便；便利→conveniently(adv.)便利地；方便地(4)caution(n.)小心；谨慎→cautious

(adj.)小心的；谨慎的→cautiously(adv.)小心地；谨慎地(5)expectation(n.)预料；期待；期望→expect(vt.)期待；期望→unexpected(adj.)想不到的；意外的→unexpectedly(adv.)出乎意料地(6)seize(vt.)抓住；

捉住；夺(7)file(n.)文件；档案；文件夹(vt.)提交；将……归档(8)freezing(adj.)冰冻的；严寒的→freeze(v.)冰冻→frozen(adj.)冷冻的(9)bear(vt.)忍受；忍耐；负担(10)tap(vt.&vi.)轻打；轻拍；轻敲(n.)轻

轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头(11)associate(vt.)联想；联系(n.)同伴；伙伴→association(n.)协会；社团；联合；联想2．阅读单词(1)product(n.)产品(2)abrupt(adj.

)突然的；意外的(3)passive(adj.)被动的；消极的；被动语态的(4)merry(adj.)愉快的；高兴的(5)ripe(adj.)熟的；成熟的(6)innocent(adj.)清白的；无罪的；天真的(7)jam(n.)堵塞；阻塞；果酱(8)current(n.)(水或气)流；电流(a

dj.)现在的；当前的(9)stable(adj.)稳固的；稳定的；安定的(10)practical(adj.)实际的；实践的；实用的【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1．Orderedovera

weekago,thebooks________(expect)toarriveanytimenow.答案：areexpected2．Thebuscametoan________(abruptly)stop,makingmanyp

assengersfallofftheirseats.答案：abrupt3．Thecarisa________(convenience)meansoftransport,butwehavemadeitourwayoflife.答案：convenient4．Yoursuggestionsou

ndsreasonableand________(practice)．答案：practical5．Whentheiceisheatedabove________(freeze)point,itbeginstochangeintoaliquidstate

.答案：freezing6．Heisa________(caution)manandisalwaysdoingthingswithcaution.答案：cautious7．Thereisn'tany_______(associate)betweenthenumber“thirteen

”andbadluck.答案：association8．Thekingshowedno_______(merciful)andkilledtheprisoners.答案：mercy9．HewasoneofAustral

ia'smost________(distinguish)artists.答案：distinguished10．________(product)hasdroppedwhilepricesandunemploymenthaverisen.答案：Production联想积累1．表示“抓住”的相关

词语一览①seizevt.抓住；捉住②catchvt.抓住；接住③graspvt.抓住；掌握④catchholdof抓住⑤getholdof抓住2．“社会交往”之“警告、提醒、禁止、要求与命令”①caution小心②cauti

ous小心的③attention注意④forbid禁止⑤ban禁止⑥remind提醒⑦warn警告⑧beawareof意识到⑨lookout当心⑩takecare小心⑪watchout当心；注意⑫claim声张；声称

；自称；断言⑬command命令；控制⑭demand要求⑮force强迫⑯order命令⑰request请求⑱require要求1．call_up给……打电话2．now_and_then偶尔；有时3．set_about开始；着手4．dive_into迅速把手

伸入；一心投入5．set_out_(to_do)开始(做)6．hangon不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7．outoforder次序颠倒；发生故障8．getthrough设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9．rin

gback回复电话10．ringoff挂断电话【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空ringoff，nowandthen，outoforder，getthrough，setout，hangon1．Havingmadeuphismind,Frank_

_______tocarryouttheplanimmediately.答案：setout2．Mygrandfatherstillplaystennis________,eventhoughhe'sinhisnineties.答案：nowandthen3．Itis

loveandresponsibilitythathavedrivenhimto________manyhardshipsandsurvive.答案：getthrough4．I'msorry,butI'veto________now.Ihaveameetingtoattend.

答案：ringoff5．________atyourpresentjobuntilyoucangetanother.答案：Hangon6．Myclockwas________andwokemeupat3thismorning.答案：outoforder联想积累1．“有时”词汇全接触①nowan

dthen②nowandagain③fromtimetotime④onceinawhile⑤sometimes⑥attimes2．表示“开始/着手做某事”的短语精选①getdowntodoingsth.②setouttodosth.③setaboutdoingsth.④settledown

tosth.⑤start/begindoing/todosth.1．ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedt

okillsnakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我，但是，看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉。2....butitwasnotuntilfivedayslaterthatBellsenthisfirsttelephonemessagetohisassistant

Watson.……但是贝尔是在五天以后才跟他的助手华生通了第一次电话。【句式仿写】1．__________________(好像有)somedisagreementbetweenhiswordsandactions.答案：Thereseemstobe2．Itwas________(直到)near

theendoftheletter________shementionedherownplan.答案：notuntil;that联想积累1．seem句式小结①主语＋seem＋adj.似乎……②主语＋seem＋tobe＋adj./n.好像……③Itse

emsthat从句看起来……④主语＋seemslike/asif/asthough从句似乎……⑤seemtodo/tohavedone/tobedoingsth.好像要做/已做完了/正在做某事⑥thereseemstobe看来有/似乎有……2．一种特

殊的强调句式notuntil强调句型的句式结构为：Itis/was＋notuntil...＋that＋其他，意为“直到……才……”。①在not...until...强调句结构中，只用until，不用till。但如果不是用在强调句型中，till与until可通

用。另外主句中的否定词not要提出来，放在until之前一起强调，因此that后面的从句要用肯定句，不能再用否定句。②notuntil位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，构成“notuntil从句＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语＋谓语……”结构。[单词点津]distinguishvi.

&vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨认；辨别[教材原句]Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnake

sbutnotharmthem.这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以捉住蛇又不会伤害它们。(1)distinguishbetweenAandB区分A和Bdistinguish...from...把……与……区分开来distinguishoneself(as...)(作为

……)而出名(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作为……而出名【即景活用】(1)单句

语法填空①Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachustodistinguish________rightandwrong.②It'simportanttodistinguishreality_

_______dreams.答案：①between②from(2)完成句子Overthenextfewyearshe____________________aleadingscholar.在接下来的几年里，他作为一名最杰出的学者而

声名远扬。答案：distinguishedhimselfas/wasdistinguishedascautionn.小心；谨慎[教材原句]ThistimewithgreatcautionIbentdowntoexaminethesnakesan

dIfoundthemverysleepy.这次我非常谨慎地弯腰去检查那些蛇，发现它们很困。(1)withcaution小心地(2)cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的becautiousabout/of...对……小心谨

慎becautioustodosth.做某事小心谨慎(3)cautiouslyadv.小心谨慎地【即景活用】单句语法填空①Thegirlswereafraidofsnakesandpickedtheirwayalong________extremecaution.②Healwayspu

tsforwardunusualplans.Sobecautious________thembeforeyoudecidetojoinin.③Shelooked________(cautious)aroundandthenwalkedawayfromthehouse.答案：①with②

about/of③cautiouslybearvt.忍受；忍耐；负担；带有；显示(标记或特征)；生(孩子)[教材原句]Ican'tbearthesmellofburntsausageonthebarbecue.我无法忍受烧烤架上香肠的焦糊味。(1)

bear/standdoing/todosth.忍受做某事putupwithsth.容忍某事(2)bear/keepsth.inmind记住某事bearinmindthat...记住……bearaheavyburden肩负重担bearresponsib

ility承担责任【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Alwaysbearinmind________yourdeterminationismoreimportantthananything.答案：that

(2)写出下列句子中bear的含义①WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair？________②Hecan'tbearbeinglaughedatinpublic.________③Shedidbearahealth

ybabyinhospitalyesterday.________④Someofthenewly－plantedappletreeshavealsobeguntobear.________答案：①负担；承担②忍受③生育④结出果实associatevt.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴[教材原句]Altho

ughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone,hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutio

nstoimprovethequalityofeverybody'slife.虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联系在一起，但是他的确是一位永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。(1)associate...with...使……与……联系起来associatewithsb

.与某人交往/联系beassociatedwith与……有关(2)associationn.联合；联想；交往；协会；社团inassociationwith与……联合/有关联【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空①Idon'tlikeyou________(associate)withthosep

eople.②Readerswillassociatethemselvesclosely________whathappensinthenewsstories.答案：①associating②with(2)完成句子①I

tisveryimportant__________________thosewhohaveapositiveeffectonyou.和对你有积极影响的人接触非常重要。②Weareworking__________________alocalcom

panytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我们和当地一家公司合作为无家可归者筹款。答案：①toassociatewith②inassociationwith[短语点拨]callup

给……打电话；使……回忆起[教材原句]WhenIcalledupmymotherinthecountrysideonthetelephoneshewasveryupset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话时，她感到很心烦。(1)callat拜访(某个地点)calloff取消；停止cal

lon/upon拜访(某人)；号召callfor呼吁；要求；需要；去接(某人)callout大声地说出；命令某人出动callin召集；召来(2)ring/callback回复电话ringoff/hangup

挂断电话givesb.aring/call给某人打电话(3)hang/holdon不挂断电话【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Theradiostationhadanopenlineonwhichlistenerscould___

_____(call)uptodiscussvariousissues.答案：call(2)完成句子①Thepicture________memoriesofherchildhood.这张照片唤起了她童年的记忆。②Themeetingwas_

_______becauseofthebadweather.会议因恶劣的天气而被取消了。答案：①callsup/calledup②calledoffsetabout开始；着手[教材原句]Isetaboutresearchingthehabit

sofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。setaboutsth./doingsth.＝setouttodosth.开始/着手做某事setout出发，起程setoff出发，动

身；使爆炸setaside留出；对……不予以考虑setdown记下，写下setup建立，开办；开业；树立；造成，产生【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空①Thateveninghesetabout________(write)arep

ortonpopulation.②Thesoonerweset________it,thesoonerwe'llfinishit.答案：①writing②about(2)完成句子Timewaspressingandhardlyhadhearrivedinhislabwhenhe_________

_______theexperiment.时间紧迫，他一到达实验室就开始做实验。答案：setaboutdoing/setouttodogetthrough设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过[教材原句]Ican'tgetthroug

h.我接不通电话。(1)get(sth.)across(tosb.)(使某事)传播或为(某人)理解getalongwithsb.与某人相处融洽；进展getawaywithsth.携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚getdowntosth./do

ingsth.开始做某事；认真处理某事getover克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来(2)gothrough经历；检查lookthrough浏览；仔细查看livethrough活过……；经过……之后仍然活着【即景活用】写出下列句中getthrough的含义①Imanaged

togetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.__________②Icouldn'tgetthroughtoherbecauseherphonewasbusyallday.__________③Shefoundwritingh

elpedhergetthroughtheroughdays.__________④I'vegotthroughthedrivingtestrecently.__________⑤Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweek

andhadtoaskhismomforsomemore.__________答案：①(设法)完成②打通电话③渡过④通过⑤用完[句型与语法][教材原句]ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyprodu

ctsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我，但是看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉。designedtokillsnakes为过去分词短语作定语。单个的过去分词作

定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前，表示被动和完成意义。过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空①Mostofthepeople________(invite)tothepartywerefamousscientists.②

The________(injure)workersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.答案：①invited②injured(2)完成句子①Arethesethebooks________________bytheteacher?这些就是老师推荐

的书吗？②Thelibrary______________lastyearisthemostfamousbuildinginthiscity.去年被建成的图书馆是这座城市最著名的建筑。答案：①(which/thatare)recommended②(whic

h/thatwas)built[教材原句]Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有你获得了那种承认，你才能说你是一个真正的发明家。“only＋状语”位于句首时，其后句子用部分倒

装形式。此处状语包括状语从句、介词短语、副词。【特别提醒】“only＋主语”位于句首时不倒装。【即景活用】完成句子①Onlyafteryouhavestudiedhard______________theexam.只有你努力学习后，你才会

通过考试。②Onlythen______________hewaswrong.只有到那时，他才意识到他错了。③Onlyinthisway______________whatwewant.只有用这种方式我们才能获得我们想

要的。答案：①willyoupass②didherealize③canweachieve/getWhenthewritercalleduphermotherinthecountrysideonthephone,she__1__(learn)thatsnakes

cameneartheirhouseandthatthesnakesseemedtohavemadetheirhomeneartheirhouse.__2__(hear)this,thewriterfeltproudandconsidereditachan

ceforhertodistinguish__3__(she)byinventingsomethingmerciful__4__wouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.Shesetabout__5__(research)thehabitsofsnakesi

nordertofindtheeasiestway__6__(trap)them.Shedecidedtocoolthemsothattheycouldbe__7__(easy)caught.However,herfirsttwoplanswereno

tsuccessful.Sheclearlyrealizedthatsheneededtoimproveherdesignagain.Asaresult,shehadtoattempt__8__thirdtime,whichhelpedherfulfillh

eraimsuccessfully.Shewas__9__delightedthatshewasdeterminedtosendher__10__(invent)tothepatentofficetogetrecognitionforhers

uccessfulidea.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________答案：1

.learned/learnt2.Hearing3.herself4.that5.researching6.totrap7.easily8.a9.so10.inventionⅠ.单句语法填空1．Somepeop

lesaythatclassicalmusic________(associate)onlywitholdpeople.答案：isassociatedbeassociatedwith...“与……有关”。2．Thoughwearelivingabett

erlife,Ican'tbear________(see)foodthrownaway.答案：seeingcan'tbeardoing...“不能忍受做某事”。3．Whatwasitthatdisti

nguishedher________herclassmates?答案：fromdistinguish...from...“把……与……区分/辨别开”。4．Wemustalwaysbearinmind_____

___Chinaisabigcountrywithahugepopulation.答案：thatbearinmindthat...“记住……”。5．Theserviceoffersyoungpeople___

_____(practice)adviceonfindingajob.答案：practical此处应用形容词修饰其后的名词advice。practical“实用的；实际的；实践的”。6．Weallhavean________(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtest

nextweek.答案：expectation由空前的冠词可知应填名词。7．Inmyopinion,onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyand________(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.答案：se

izing该句为“only＋状语”位于句首引起倒装的句式。face与seize为and连接的两个并列成分，且均作by的宾语，故由facing可知应填seizing。8．Itwasnotuntilshegothome________Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherk

eys.答案：that该句为含有notuntil的强调句。由该句型“Itis/was＋notuntil...＋that＋其他”可知，应填that。9．She________(tap)meontheshoulderbu

tIdidn'tfeelit.答案：tapped由but连接并列成分可知，设空处动词在句中作谓语；且后面并列句的谓语为didn't...，所以空格处也应用一般过去时，应填tapped。10．Pricesofda

ilygoods________(buy)throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.答案：bought过去分词短语在句中作后置定语修饰goods。Ⅱ.单句改错1．Thesoundofseagullsca

lledonhappymemoriesofhischildhoodholidays._____________________________________________________答案：on→upcallup“使回忆起；给……打电话”。2．Thetelephon

eisoutoftheorder;therefore,wecannotgetintouchwiththeboss.________________________________________________

_____答案：去掉第二个theoutoforder“发生故障；次序颠倒”。3．Afterashortwhile,theboyssetoutdoingtheirhomework.______________________________

_______________________答案：out→about或doing→todosetaboutdoing...＝setouttodo...“着手/开始做……”。4．Theboyknockdow

nbythecarwasimmediatelytakentothenearbyhospital.___________________________________________________答案：knock→knocked过去分词短语在句中作后置定语，修饰theboy,表被动，故应把kno

ck改为knocked。5．Theteacher'sabruptlyendingspeakingcanmakesomestudentsfocustheirattentionontheirlistening.__________

__________________________________________答案：abruptly→abrupt修饰动名词短语endingspeaking应用形容词，故将abruptly改为abrupt。Ⅲ.语

法填空Theysurviveinsomeofthecoldestenvironmentsintheworld—butevenpenguinsappreciateawarmwoollyjumper(套头毛衣)onceinawhile.Them

iniknittedgarmentshavehelpedsavehundredsofflightlessbirdscaught__1__oilleaks,providingprotectionfromtheelementsandstoppingthemfromswal

lowing__2__(poison)pollution.KnitsforNature,aprogramrunbythePenguinFoundation,__3__conservesthelittlepenguinpopulationofPhillipIsland,140k

msoutheastofMelbourne,__4__(create)upto300differentdesignsovertheyears—anditisallthankstotalentedvolunteers.“There'sa

lotof__5__(hide)creativityoutthere，”saidLynBlom,ofPhillipIslandNaturePark.“Peoplelovetoknowthatthey'rehelpingthepenguins__6__they'resocuteandsmal

landtheywaddleupthebeachandthey'resostrong.Buttheyneedtobe,fortheylivein__7__prettytoughsortofenvironment.”At

humbnail－sizedpatchofoilcankilllittlepenguins,the__8__(small)ofthespecies,measuringjust13inches(33cm)andweighing2.2lbs(1k

g).Theoilseparatesandmatstheirfeathers,breakingnaturalwaterproofandheatingfunctions.MsBlomestimates__9__shehas

knittedbetween200and300penguinjumpersovertheyears,including__10__inthecoloursofeveryAustralianfootballtea

minthecountry.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________1

0.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。MsBlom编织的迷你毛衣成功拯救了数百只企鹅，能防止它们接触到石油中的微量元素，甚至误食有毒的污染物。1．in考查介词。这里是“becaughtin”的固定搭配，意思为“被困于……中”。文中是过去分词短语作定语修饰flightlessbirds。2

．poisonous考查词性转换。poisonous作为形容词修饰其后面的名词。3．which考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词thePenguinFoundation，并在从句中作主语，故用wh

ich。4．hascreated考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“overtheyears”可知这里用现在完成时，句子的主语是一个名为KnitsforNature的项目，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数。5．hidden考查

非谓语动词。creativity是名词，其前要用形容词修饰，动词hide与creativity之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。此处为过去分词转化而来的形容词作定语。6．because考查连词。“th

ey'resocuteandsmallandtheywaddleupthebeachandthey'resostrong”是“Peoplelovetoknowthatthey'rehelpingthepenguins”的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。7．a考查

冠词。此处表示泛指，且pretty的读音是以辅音音素开头的，故用a。aprettytoughsortofenvironment表示的是“一种相当恶劣的环境”。8．smallest考查形容词的最高级。根

据上下文语境和空前的the可知这里应该用最高级。9．that考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子成分可知，空处引导宾语从句作estimates的宾语，宾语从句中句意和成分完整，故用that。10．those考查代词

。those指代前面所说的penguinjumpers。Ⅳ.短文改错SchoolEnglishDramaClubwasselectingactorsandactressesforthedramaTheMillionPoundBankNote.Itisfamouss

hortstorywritingbytheAmericanauthorMarkTwain.Theselection,thatisinthechargeofMrSmith,willbemadeattheschoolhallinM

ay20th,2018.Anystudentatourschoolwhomeetswiththefollowingcriteriawillbeofferedachancetobecomeanactororactress.Firstly,heorsheshouldlove

creativeandinterestedperformances.Secondly,heorsheshouldbeabletospeakfluentEnglish.Moreimportant,heorsheshouldhavereadt

heshortstoryandisfamiliarwiththewholestory.Thankyouforyourattentions.答案：SchoolEnglishDramaClubwas①isselectingactorsandactres

sesforthedramaTheMillionPoundBankNote.Itis∧②afamousshortstorywriting③writtenbytheAmericanauthorMarkTwain.Theselection,that④whichisin

thechargeofMrSmith,willbemadeattheschoolhallin⑤onMay20th,2018.Anystudentatourschoolwhomeetswith＼⑥thefollowingcriter

iawillbeofferedachancetobecomeanactororactress.Firstly,heorsheshouldlovecreativeandinterested⑦interestingperformances.Secondly,he

orsheshouldbeabletospeakfluentEnglish.Moreimportant⑧importantly，heorsheshouldhavereadtheshortstoryandis⑨befamiliarwiththewholest

ory.Thankyouforyourattentions⑩attention.难项分析：第三处：writing→written'考查非谓语动词。write与story之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处需用过去分词作后置定语，表

示“由MarkTwain所著/所写”。第四处：that→which'考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Theselection。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。第九处：i

s→be'考查情态动词的用法。and连接的两个并列成分均位于情态动词should后，需用动词原形，故此处改为be。单元加餐练Ⅰ.阅读理解ALookingbackonmychildhood,Iamconvincedtha

tnaturalistsarebornandnotmade.Althoughwewerebroughtupinthesameway,mybrothersandsisterssoonabandonedtheirpressedflowersandinsects.Unlikethem,Iha

dnoearformusicandlanguages.IwasnotanearlyreaderandIcouldnotdomentalarithmetic.BeforeWorldWarⅠwespentoursumme

rholidaysinHungary.Ihaveonlythedimmemoryofthehousewelivedin,ofmyroomandmytoys.NordoIrecallclearlythelargefamilyofgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousins

whogatherednextdoor.ButIdohaveacrystal(清澈的)clearmemoryofdogs,thefarmanimals,thelocalbirdsandaboveall,theinsects.I

amanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworld,andmyenthusiasmhasledmeintovariedinvestigations.Ilovediscussingmyfavoritetopic

sandenjoyburningthemidnightoilreadingaboutotherpeople'sobservationsanddiscoveries.Thensomethinghappensthatbringstheseobser

vationstogetherinmyconscious(意识清醒的)mind.Suddenlyyoufancyyouseetheanswertotheriddle,becauseitallseemstofittogether.Thishasresultedinmypublishing3

00papersandseveralbooks,inwhichsomemightbehonoredwiththetitleofscientificresearch.Butcuriosity,akeeneye,agoodmemoryandenjoymentofthea

nimalandplantworlddonotmakeascientist.Oneoftheoutstandingandessentialqualitiesrequiredisself－discipline,

aqualityIlack.Ascientistcanbemadeanaturalist.Ifyoucancombinethetwo,yougetthebestofbothworlds.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过

回忆自己的童年经历认为博物学家是天生的，不是后天造就的。作者在文章最后总结，仅拥有一颗好奇心、一双敏锐的眼睛以及对世间动植物的热爱并不能成就一位科学家，因为一个科学家最突出、最基本的特点是应具备自我约束能力。1．Thefirstparagraphtellsusth

attheauthor________.A．losthishearingwhenhewasachildB．didn'tlikehisbrothersandsistersC．wasinterestedinfl

owersandinsectsinhischildhoodD．wasborntoanaturalist'sfamily答案：C推理判断题。第一段第一句中的“...convincedthatnaturalistsarebornand

notmade”表明作者认为博物学家是天生的，不是后天造就的。由关键信息“mybrothersandsisterssoonabandoned...flowersandinsects”可知，他的姐妹兄弟对于花、虫等不感兴趣，但作者不像他们(Unl

ikethem)，由此推知作者在童年时对花草是感兴趣的。故选C项。2．Accordingtotheauthor,abornnaturalistshouldfirstofallbe________.A．fullofambitionB．self－disciplinedC．fullofenthusias

mD．knowledgeable答案：C推理判断题。从第三段第一、二句“Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworld,andmyenthusiasmh

asledmeintovariedinvestigations.”可知，作者认为一个博物学家首先应具备的是对自然界的热爱之情，故选C项。3．Theauthorsaysthatheisanaturalistratherthanascien

tistprobablybecausehethinkshe________.A．justreadsaboutotherpeople'sobservationsanddiscoveriesB．lackssomeofthequalitiesrequiredofscientistsC．ha

sagreatdealoftroubledoingmentalarithmeticD．comesupwithsolutionsinmostnaturalways答案：B细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句，并结合第二句“Oneoftheoutstandingandessentialqualitie

srequiredisself－discipline,aqualityIlack.”可知，作者认为自己不是科学家，因为一个科学家的基本素质就是有自律能力，但作者恰恰缺乏这一点。故选B项。4．Theauthorcouldn'trememberhisrelativesclearlybe

cause________.A．hedidn'tliveverylongwiththemB．hewastooyoungwhenhelivedwiththemC．thefamilywasextremelylargeD．hewasfullyoccup

iedwithobservingnature答案：D推理判断题。第二段作者回忆了在农场度过的日子，对于那里的狗、鸟等动物作者至今仍历历在目，但对那里的亲戚、房子、玩具已记不清了，可见他从小就专注于观察自然

界中的一切，其他事情他几乎很少关注。故选D项。BEarlyonemorning,morethanahundredyearsago,anAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefina

llyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:Itseemedimpo

ssibletogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedlewithoutanyproblems.Thoughhewastired,Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned

.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamtthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesavageswhosekingwantedtokillhimandeathimunlesshecouldb

uildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.Thekingflewi

ntoarageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventorno

ticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream,realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthe

threadtorunaroundtheneedle,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecenteroftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesigna

ndbuildthefirstreallypractisedsewingmachine.EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectriclig

ht,saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.Toknowth

evalueofdreams,youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen,apartofyourmindisstillworking

.Thisunconscious(无意识的),butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.I

tstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartof

thebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However,theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstr

angeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestous”．篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文

。一直困扰着发明家伊莱亚斯·豪的一个关于缝纫机的问题在梦中找到了答案。许多科学家像爱迪生、爱因斯坦等都有过在梦中找到问题答案的经历，文章以缝纫机的诞生为例说明了梦的价值。5．TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas________.

A．whatkindofthreadtouseB．howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreakC．wheretoputtheneedleD．howtostopthethreadfrom

gettingcaughtaroundtheneedle答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“buthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:Itseemedimpossibletogetthethreadtorunaroundthen

eedle”及第二段中的“Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.”可知，豪面临的问题是如何避免线缠绕到针上，所以答案是D。6．Tho

masEdisonisspokenofbecause________.A．healsotriedtoinventasewingmachineB．hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreamsC．hewasoneofHowe'sbestfriendsD．healsohadd

ifficultyinfallingasleep答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.

ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectriclight,saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.”可知，豪并不是唯一一个通过此方法找到答案的人，爱迪生也

是在梦中得到问题的答案的，所以答案是B。7．Dreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestous”because________.A．strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideasB．i

mageswhichhavenomeaningareusedC．wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaningD．onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthem答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“thispartofthebrainc

ansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However,theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotundersta

ndatfirst.”可知，大脑的一部分在无意识下工作，发信息到其他部分，这部分大脑使用的是一种奇怪的图像，所以答案是A。Ⅱ.七选五Youhavesomegreatideas.Buttheydon'tcomeoutbecauseofwhatyourfriendssayorbecauseyout

hinkthatonlyafewpeoplecanbecreativegeniuses(天才).And,you,ofcourse,thinkthatyoucouldn'tbeoneofthem.__1__Anyonewhoisa

creativegeniuswilltellyouthatcreativityisverymuchlikeamusclethatneedstobedeveloped.__2__Ontheotherhand,keepworkin

gatit,andthisskillwillsoonbereadyforactionwheneveryouneedit.Sohowdoyoudevelopyourownpersonalstyleofcreativethinki

ng?Youshouldrealizethatyourbrainhasagreatercapacity(容量)andahigherspeedthantheworld'sbiggestandfastestcomputer.__3__Rea

d,watchandlistentoeverythingaroundyou—goodandbad.Themoreyouknow,themoreyou'llwanttoknow,andthemoreyourbrainwillbeexercised.Trysomething

neweveryday.__4__Youneedtostepoutofyourcomfortzone(舒适地带)moreandmoreeachday.Followthesesuggestions,andbeginthinkingbeyondyour“lim

its”fromtoday.__5__Whoknows,yourideamightbethenextgreatideatochangetheworld.A．Butactually,thisisnottrueatall.B．

Yourconstructiveideasshouldbeacceptedbyothers.C．Soit'simportanttogetasmuchinformationasyoucaneveryday.D．You'llsoonhavealifefullofinterestin

gandexcitingadventures.E．Agoodsocialenvironmentcaninfluenceyourcreativethinkingpositively.F．Letyourexperiencesshowyoumoreabouttheworl

dandpeoplearoundyou.G．Ifyoudon'tlearnhowtodevelopcreativethinking,thisskill,justlikeamuscle,willbecomepooranduseless.篇章导读：本

文是一篇说明文。作者就如何培养创造性思维给出了有效的建议。1．A空格前面提到人们因为朋友说的话或者他们自己觉得只有少数人才能成为具有创造力的天才而使自己的想法没有为大家所知。下文主要阐述了一些可以提高创造性思维的方法，因此，空处应该选一个承上启下

的句子，故A项“但是实际上，这种想法一点儿都不对”符合语境。2．G设空处前一句将创造力比喻成需要被锻炼的肌肉，G项中的“likeamuscle”与前文相呼应和承接，另结合句意，可确定G项符合语境。3．C设空后内

容表述你知道的越多，你想知道的就会越多，你的大脑就越会得到锻炼。故C项“因此，每天得到尽可能多的信息是很重要的”符合语境。4．F设空处前一句提到每天要尝试新事物，而F项“让你的经历向你展示有关你周围的世界和人的更多(信息)”正是这样做的结果。5．D由空

前的“beginthinkingbeyondyour‘limits’fromtoday”和后文的“yourideamightbethenextgreatideatochangetheworld”可知，D项“你将很快拥有一个充满有趣的和令人兴奋的冒险经历的生活”符合语境。Ⅲ.语法填空Theadob

edwellings(土坯房)__1__(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven__2__mostmodernofarchitectsandenginee

rs.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__3__(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout_

_4__(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__5__(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthe

house.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__6__(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;__7__thesame

time,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle__8__(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysati

melyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__9__(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__10__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomaket

hecycleworkonmostdays.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________篇章导读：

本文是一篇说明文，重点介绍了美国Pueblo印第安人所建土坯房独特的调节室温的特点。1．built考查非谓语动词。本句主语是Theadobedwellings，谓语是areadmired，因此设空处需要填所给动词的非谓语形式，即用过去分词短语作定语

表示一个被动的、已完成的动作。2．the考查冠词的用法。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。3．ability考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，且前有their修饰，故填名词ability。4．using考查非谓语动词

。介词without之后接动名词作宾语。5．slowly考查词性转换。修饰动词应用副词。6．tocool考查非谓语动词。这是adj./adv.＋enoughtodo句型，表示“足以……”，不定式短语作结果状语。7．at考查介词。a

tthesametime“与此同时”，是固定搭配。8．goes考查动词时态和主谓一致。结合“dayafterday”及语境可知，这里应用一般现在时表示现状。主语为Thiscycle，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。9．natu

ral考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词。10．how考查疑问副词。根据“figuredout(弄清楚，计算出),thick(厚)”可知，应填表示(数量、程度、大小等)多少的疑问副词how，引导宾语从句，在本句中表示“墙壁有多厚”。Ⅳ.书面

表达学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“MyMagic________”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。内容：1.说明设计理由；2．介绍新功能。注意：1.词数不少于120；2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。____________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________[标准范文]MyMagicWaterBottleMymagicw

aterbottlewillbeareplacementofthetraditionalonewhichcanchangethetemperatureoftheinsidewaterautomaticallyaccordingtothec

hangesoftheouterenvironment.TherearecertainfactorsItakeintoaccountinmynewinvention.Foronething,traditionalwaterbottlemakesitinconvenientfortravele

rstohaveacomfortabledrinkanytimeandanywhere.Foranother,drinkingtoocoldortoohotwaterdoesnothingbutharmtoourhealth,somymagicwaterbottleca

nserveasanassistantoradoctor.Thenewfunctionswillwinmymagicwaterbottleenormousloveandpopularity.Ontheonehand,theautomatictemperature－

controllingsystemmentionedabovecanadjustthewatertemperature.Ontheotherhand,wecansetadesirabletemperaturefortheinsi

dewater,andwhatsurprisesusmostisthatthewatercanremainatthattemperatureforabouttwentyhours.