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Unit7ShoppingExperiences过去分词作状语和定语一．过去分词作状语：1.复习现在分词作状语（第一课）：2．过去分词作状语1)造句:(含时间,原因,条件,让步,结果的被动语态状语从句)（1）Whe

nhewastakenintotheoffice,hefoundnoonewasin.（2）Becausehewashurtontheleg,helefttheschoolearlierthanusual.（3）Ifheisallo

wed,hewillenterthearmy.（4）Althoghheiasaidtobeweak,hesavedagirlintheriver.（5）Thebuswasheldupbythestorm,soitwasdelayed.2)将上题由

状语从句简化成过去分词作状语（1）(When)Takenintotheoffice,hefoundnoonewasin.（2）Hurtontheleg,helefttheschoolearlierthanusual.（3）(If)Allowed,hewillente

rthearmy.（4）(Althogh)Saidtobeweak,hesavedagirlintheriver.（5）Thebuswasheldupbythestorm,thusdelayed.3）被动状语从句简化成过去分词作状语的注意

点:（1）区分被动形式分词表示正在进行和不正在进行的情况：①Onceoperatedon,heisoftenfrightened.②(While,When)Beingoperatedonnow,hefeelsfrightened.（2）前后两主语的一致性（如上例句）4）从被动状语从句简化成过去分

词作状语时是否一定要省去连词?加以归纳：（1）(When)Takenintotheoffice,hefoundnoonewasin.＝Hefoundnoonewasinwhentakenintotheoffice.(表时间：连词句首可省可不省，句中不省，含when,while,afte

r,before等)（2）(While,When)Beingoperatedonnow,hefeelsfrightened.=Hefeelsfrightened,while/whenbeingoperatedonnow

.(表时间：连词句首可省可不省，句中不省，含when,while,after,before等)（3）Hurtontheleg,helefttheschoolearlierthanusual.（表原因的分词状语

不用连词，分词状语不可后移）（4）(If)Allowed,hewillenterthearmy.＝Hewillenterthearmyifallowed.(表条件：连词句首可省可不省，句中不省)（5）(Althogh)Saidtobeweak,he

savedagirlintheriver.=Hesavedagirlintheriveralthoughsaidtobeweak.(表让步：连词句首可省可不省，句中不省)（6）Thebuswasheldupbythestorm,(thus)delayed.（表结

果不用连词，分词状语后置）5）造句:过去分词作伴随状语并说出注意点:Hestoodthereandwasaccompaniedbyadog.=Hestoodthere,accompaniedbyadog.(主句主语和伴随状语主语一致

，主要动作（包括人的坐站躺跑跳来去等）做谓语动词，次要动作做分词伴随状语并须置后)6）独立主格结构中的过去分词作状语：（1）原因状语从句：Becausethecarwasstolen,Iwaslateforwork.

=独立主格结构：Thecarstolen,Iwaslateforwork.（2）时间状语从句：Whenthesunwasseenshining,helayonthegrass.=独立主格结构：Thesunseenshining,helayonthegrass.（3）条件状语

从句：Ifyouaretoldtoparctisemore,yourspokenEnglishwillimprove.=独立主格结构：Youtoldtopractisemore,yourspokenE

nglishwillimprove.（4）并列句：Theprofessorcameinandhishandsweretiedbehind.=独立主格结构：Theprofessorcamein,hishandstiedbehind.(说明：当主句主语和状语从句主语不一致，状语从句变成分词状语时保留

自己的主语；中间只用逗号而不用连词，由此成为独立主格结构，独立主格结构后跟过去分词表示独立主格结构的主语和分词是被动关系。)附录：详解独立主格结构（过去分词部分）：分词的动作发出者不是主句的主语时，分词可以拥有自己的主语，这就构成了独立

结构。通常在句中起状语的作用，表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随状况，独立主格结构没有连词。例如：（1）（原因状语从句）Astheholidaywassaidtobeover,theybegantogetdowntodot

heirworkagain.=独立主格结构：Theholidayssaidtobeover,theybegantogetdowntodotheirworkagain.（2）（条件状语从句）Ifallthingsareconsidered,herpaperisofg

reatervaluethanyours.=独立主格结构：Allthingsconsidered,herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.（3）（时间状语从句）Afterhishomeworkhadbeendo

ne,Johanwentouttoplay.=独立主格结构：Hishomeworkdone,Johanwentouttoplay.（4）(并列句)Thegirlwassmilingsweetlyandherlongh

airwasblowninthewind.=独立主格结构：Thegirlwassmilingsweetly,herlonghairblowninthewind.（独立主格结构作伴随状语）注意：（1）独立主格结构的位置比较灵活，它可以

置于句首、句中或句末,独立主格结构也可以表示伴随，但不是伴随状语；伴随状语的前后主语须一致且只能放句尾。注意区分，如：a.Thegirlstoodthere,accompaniedbyadog.（前后主语一致，是伴随状语）b.Thegirlwassmilingswee

tly,herlonghairblowninthewind.（前后主语不一致，是独立主格结构表示伴随）（2）当独立主格结构表示伴随状况时，也可由with引导，表示肯定意义；由without引导，表示否定意义。它的位置也比较

灵活，可以置于句首或句末。例如上述句子：(1)Thegirlwassmilingsweetly,herlonghairblowninthewind.=Thegirlwassmilingsweetlywithherlonghairblowninthewind.(2

)Noonewasinformed,,Islippedoutoftheroom.=Withoutanyoneinformed,Islippedoutoftheroom.7）with+O+OC的结构,OC用--ed形式)试比较：(1)Hesto

odthere,accompaniedbyadog.(伴随状语)(2)Theprofessorcamein,hishandstiedbehind.（独立主格结构表伴随）(3)Theprofessorcamein,hishandstiedbehind.（独立主格结构表伴随）=Theprofess

orcameinwithhishandstiedbehind.（with复合结构,with+O+OC）（独立主格结构中的逗号变成with,成为with加宾语加宾补的with复合结构,with+O+OC）附录：with+O+OC结构列举(再复习)：Withhisho

meworkdone,hewenthome.(OC-ed)Helayonthegroundwithhiseyesopen.(OCadj)Wetalkedwiththelightoff.(OCadv)Hetaughtw

ithnobookonthedesk.(OCprep)Withalotofworktodo,hestayedupallthenight.(OCinfinit.)Withthedaypassing,wegrowolderand

older.(OC-ing)8）判断正误:(1)Beingrebuilt,theroadcan'tbeinuse.(2)Beingseenfromthemountain,theparkisbeautiful.9）翻译并注意

括号提示:(1)作业完成后,就被交掉了.(分别用状语从句和分词状语)_________________________________________________________________________________

____________（2）因没人领路,我们迷路了。(分别用状语从句,分词状语，独立主格结构)______________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________二．过去分词作定语：1.复习现在分词作定语（第二课）：2．过去分词作定语：过去分词可以单词作定

语，也可以合成词作定语和分词短语作定语。当单词和合成词作定语时多数放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语则放在名词后。如：therisensun（过去分词单词作定语）thefour-leggedanimal(合成词作定语)t

hemanstolenbyathief（分词短语作定语，定语后置）1）过去分词作定语后置：(1)分词短语(2)个别分词如given,left(3)修饰不定代词thegirlleftthere（被留在那里的女孩,left是过去分词）thequestiongi

ven.nothingmoved2)被修饰的词与分词是主动关系或分词动作正在进行或分词动作经常发生时用现在分词作定语，当被修饰的词与分词是被动关系或分词动作已经发生时用过去分词。例如：developingcountry=thecountrythatisdevelopi

ngdevelopedcountry=thecountrythathasdevelopedtheboylyingunderthebigtree=theboywhoislyingunderthebigtreethegirloft

ensingingintheroom=thegirlwhooftensingsintheroomtheartistsinvitedtotheparty=theartistswhowereinvitedtotheparty3)分词被动的完成式(havingbeendone)通常不

作定语。例如：Thestudentshavingbeentoldtohandintheirpapersmustleavetheclassroom．是个错句，此句改为定语从句：Thestudentswhohavebeentoldtohandi

ntheirpapersmustleavetheclassroom．4)现在分词作定语可转换成定语从句,如：inthefollowingyears=intheyearsthatfollowed;themans

peakingtotheteacher=themanwhoisspeakingtotheteacher.（又如上述第二点例句）5)当被修饰的词与分词是被动关系但分词动作正在发生时用beingdone形式表示区别：（1）Thefilmbeing

showninthecinemaisexciting.（2）Thefilmshowninthecinemawasexciting.6)完成填充并加以总结（区分现在分词和过去分词作定语）：(1)Heto

ldusthe______news.The_____pupilsjumpedwithjoy.(excite)(2)The____storysetuslaughing.The____audiencelaughedallthe

time.(amuse)(3)Hehada____lookinhiseyeswhenhefeltfrightened.(terrify)(4)Hehada____lookinhiseyeswhenhewasang

ry.(terrify)(5)Theboycriedina____voice.(frighten)7）翻译（区分现在分词和过去分词作定语）：(1)boilingwater____boiledwater_____(2)dev

elopingcountry_____developedcountry_______(3)changingsituation____changedsituation______(4)movingtrain____writtenEnglish____

spokenEnglish_____(5)risingsun______risensun_____(6)fallingtrees______fallentrees_____(7)disappointingnews______disappointedg

irls______(8)freezingwater_____fronezwater______(9)retiredteacher_____escapedmen_____(10)sleepingbaby(participle)_______sleepingc

ar(gerund)______8)把下列定语从句变成分词作定语并注意括号提示部分：(1)Theseplasticbottleswhichhavebeenusedcanberecycled._________________

__________(强调动作,后置)(2)Doyouknowthenumberofthebooksthathavebeenordered?—————————————(强调动作,后置)(3)Thebuswhichisw

aitingbyroadsidewilltakethepupilstotheschool.________________________(分词词组,后置)(4)Idon’tknowthedoctorswhoaresittingattheback._______

_________________________(分词词组,后置)9)判断正误：Thebuildinghavingbeencompletedisverytall.版权所有：高考资源网(www.ks5u.com)