【文档说明】高中英语人教版选修10素材:Unit4Learningefficiently含解析.docx,共(8)页,29.008 KB,由envi的店铺上传
转载请保留链接:https://www.doc5u.com/view-62481ac8dee7851f435b715237992ccf.html
以下为本文档部分文字说明:
Unit4LearningefficientlySkillgoals:TalkbouttechniquesofEnglishlearningPractisetalkingabouttechniquesofreadingandgi
vingatalkPractisegivingsuggestionsReviewtheSubjunctiveMoodWriteane-mailtogivesuggestionsonEnglishlearningSpecia
lFocus:1.enlargevocabulary:efficient,efficiently,centigrade,recipe,booklet,endeavour,competent,upto…,c
aption,digest,beneath,adopt,preview,frequent,manual,assess,consult,shabby,rainbow,acute,bent,cab,currency,lotus,cuisine,educator,semi
nar,acquisition,underneath,ballet,album,resemble,cassette,tend,messy,tiresome,vague,bonus,auditory,tactile,oral,component,concrete,indetail
,tendto.2.improvewritingability3.ReviewtheSubjunctiveMood1)IwishIhadbeeninHongKonglastyear.2)IfIhadgonetotheEnglishCornerveryoften,mys
pokenEnglishwouldhavebeenimproved.3)It’simportantthatheshouldcompletetheworkontime.Additionalmaterials:语法复习虚拟语气(Ⅰ)(一)语气的定义和种类(1)语气的定义语气是
动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。(2)语气的种类①陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如:Wearenotready.我们没准备好。Diditrainalldayyes
terday?昨天下了一天雨吗?Whatafinedayitis!多好的天气啊!②祈使语气表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如:Becareful!小心!Don’tforgettoclosethewindow.别忘了
关窗。Openthedoor,please.请打开门。③虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如:Iwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.如果我是你,我就学英语了。Iwishyoucouldgowithme.但愿你能同我们一起去。M
ayyousucceed!祝您成功!(二)虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如:Ifitdoesn?traintomorrow,wewillgotothepar
k.如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如:Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未
能问你这件事。)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果IfIwereyou,Ishould(would,could,might)tellhimthetruth.要是我是你,我就会(可能)对他说
实话。Ifhehadtime,hewould(could,might)gowithyou.如果他有时间,他就会(可能)和你去。Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要
是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。(2)表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’t(couldn’t)havefailedintheexam.如果你按照我的建议去做
,你一定不会(不可能考试不及格)。IfIhadhadthemoneylastweek,Ishould(would,could,might)haveboughtacar.如果上星期有了这笔钱,我就会(可能)买1辆车。Shewould(could,might)havetele
phonedyouimmediately,ifshehadwonthegame.如果她比赛赢了,她就会(可能)给你打电话。Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwould(could,might)havem
etthefamoussinger.如果你早来几分钟的话,你就会(可能会)见到那个著名的歌唱家。(3)表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould(would,could,might)gotoseemygrandmother.如
果明天是星期天,我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪,他们将不出去了。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswould(could,might)be
saved.假如天下雨,庄稼就一定(有可能)得救。(4)主、从句的动作发生时间不一致的情况有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。Ifyouhadli
stenedtothedoctor,youwouldbeallrightnow.如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)IfyouhadpractisedspeakingEnglishmore,y
ouwouldbeabletospeakitfluently.如果你多练习讲英语,现在就能讲得很流利了。①省略连词if在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had或should,可以把if省略,而
把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。如:Shouldhecome(Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.他要是来了,让他给我打个电话。WereIyou(IfIwereyou),Iwouldnotdoit.我要是你,就不做
这事。Hadhebeenmorecareful(Ifhehadbeenmorecareful),suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.如果他细心些,这些错误本来是可以避免的。在虚拟条件句中,省略连词的倒装形式,
其句首不能用助动词的缩略否定式。如我们可以说:Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.但不能说:Weren’titfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.②用介词短语代替条件状
语从句有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来,而是通过介词短语来表示。如:Withoutair(Iftherewerenoair),therewouldbenolivingthings.如果没有空气的话,就不会有生物
了。Butforyourhelp(Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp)Icouldn?thavedoneit.要是没有你的帮助,我就不可能完成这件事。假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。如:Iwasbusythatday.OtherwiseIwouldhav
egonetherewiththem.(IfIhadn’tbeenbusythatday,Iwouldhavegonetherewiththem.)我那天很忙,否则,我就和他们一起去那儿了。(如果我那天不忙的话,我就……)Iwou
ldhavefinishedthework,butIhavebeenill.(IfIhadn’tbeenill,Iwouldhavefinishedthework.)我本来该完成这项工作的,但我生病了。(如果我没生病的
话,我就会完成……)(5)省去条件从句或主句表示虚拟敢的主名或从句有时可以省略,但其含义仍可以推知。①省去条件从句Youcouldhavewashedyourclothesyourself.你本可以自己洗衣服的。(省去了“
Ifyouhadwantedto”)(事实是:你自己没洗衣服,因为你不想洗。)②省去主句(常用以表示愿望)Ifmygrandmotherwerewithme!如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊!(事实是:祖母已不在世。)Ifonlyshehadnotleft!如果她没走就好
了!(事实是:她已经走了。)Ifonlythewindwouldstop!风要是停了该多好!(事实是:风停的可能性很小。)虚拟语气(Ⅱ)(1)虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法在“Itisimportant(strange,natural,necessary)that…”这类句型里
,that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”结构,表示某事是“重要”、“奇怪”、“自然”、“必要”等意义。如:Itisimportantthateverymember(should)informhims
elfoftheserules.重要的是每个成员知道这些规则。Itisnecessarythathe(should)besetthereatonce.有必要马上派他到那里去。Itisdecided(hasbeendecided)thatthemeeting(should)bepostponedt
illtomorrow.已决定会议延期到明天。Itisverystrangethatshe(should)haveleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.她不辞而别。真让人奇怪。(2)虚拟语气在宾浯从句中的用法①动词wish后的宾语从句中表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主
观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。如:IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道)IwishitwereautumninBeij
ingalltheyearround.但愿北京全年是秋天。(只是愿望。实际根本不可能实现。)Shewishesshewerestilllivingwithhergrandmother.她希望仍和祖母住在一起。(实际不住在起)2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had+过去分词”。如:Iwish
(wished)Ihadn?tspentsomuchmoney.我后悔不该花那么多钱。(实际上已经花掉)Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.他真希望没有失去机会。(事实上
机会已失去了,他感到惋惜。)3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would十动词原形”。此时要注意,主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现,取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。如:Iwishit
wouldstopraining.但愿雨能停止。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.但愿你立刻来。suggest(建议),demand,order,propose,insist(坚持),command,request,
desire等动词后的宾语从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,表示建议、要求、命令等。如:Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.我建议我们马上动身。Idemandthathe(s
hould)answermeimmediately.我要求他立刻答复我。Thestudentsinsistedthatthey(should)havemoreEnglishclasses.学生们坚持要多上英语课。(3)虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法①在带有e
venif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中主句和从句都用虚拟语气,动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如:EvenifLinTaowerehere,Ishouldsaythesa
mething.即使林涛在这儿,我也要这样说。Eventhoughhehadbeenill,hewouldhavegonetohisoffice.即使生了病,他仍去办公室。注:当从句由though/although引导时,主句
常用陈述语气,从句可用也可不用虚拟浯气。如:Thisgaveruesomefainthopesofrelief,althoughIwere(was)notabletoimaginehowitcouldbebroughtout.这给了我一丝解救的希望,但我想像不出如何实现。②由asif
或asthough引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时从句渭语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had+过去分词”。如:HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshe
hadreallyseenit.她谈论那部影片,就好像她确实看过一样。注:姐果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。③在inorderthat或sothat引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词多用“couht/might
(有时电用should)+动词原形”。如:Mr.Greenspokeslowlysothathisstudentscould/mighthearclearly.格林先生说得很慢,好让学生听清楚。Theyareclimbinghig
herinorderthattheymight/couldgetabetterview.他们正往更高处爬,以便看得更清楚。在incase,forfear(that),lest等引导的从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词
原形”。如:Shetookherraincoatwithherincase/forfearthat/lestshe(should)becaughtintherain.她带了雨衣,以免遭雨淋。新课标省市2007年高考新题型简介及适
应性训练:D.写作2----任务型写作练习请根据以下要求,以MyFavoriteWaytoLearnEnglish为题写一篇150词左右的英语短文。写作要求:1)用大约60-80字;扼要概括阅读材料C段中有关不同授课方式的论述;2)根据你自己学习英语的实际
情况,谈谈哪一种方式适合你,并陈述理由。必要时可以用实例说明。(该部分的字数大约60-80);3)文章必须结构合理,内容连贯,有条理性。注:评分标准]概括的准确性、语言的规范性、内容的合适性以及篇章的连贯性。_____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________附材料:TheBestofBothWorldsIndividualtuition(
knownasone-to-one)isanattractiveoptionformanylearners:thosewhowanttoattendacourseoutofgeneralpersonalinterest,andthoseneedingEngli
shintheirprofessionallife.ForthefirstCategoryoflearners,suchasschoolleaversorgraduates,one-to-onetuitioncanbeusefulforbrushinguptheirEngli
shinpreparationforfurtherstudies,orpriortoenteringtheirchosenfieldofemployment.One-to-onelessonsmayprovemoreeffectivethanageneralEngl
ishcourse,whichmayturnouttobefartoogeneral.ForthepersonwhoneedsEnglishforprofessionalpurposes,theflexibilityofthedura
tionofcourses,plusthetailor-madeprogrammes,wouldseemtomakeone-to-onetuitionanidealoption.Forbothtypesoflearners,costislikelytobetheoverrid
ingcriterion.Sinceindividualtuitiondoesn’tcomecheap,ratesvaryfromschooltoschool,andmyadvicewouldbenottogoforthechea
pest--itisunlikelytobethebest.Sohowdoyoudecidewhetheraone-to-onecourseoragroupcourseisthebestforyou?Theadvantagesofone-to-onetuitionar
ethat:Itprovidesanopportunityforlearnerstofocusontheirspecificlanguageneeds;Notimeiswastedsittingthroughlengthyexplanationstootherp
eopleinthegroupwhoareofalowerlevel;Thetrainercanadaptthestyleandpaceofteachingtosuitthelearner’sindividuallearnings
tyleandpace.Naturally,though,theredisadvantages:One-to-onedoesn’talwaysprovidethebestenvironmentforusingthelanguagefo
rrealcommunication(howoftenareweinaroomatworkwithonlyoneotherpersonforanylengthoftimewithnointerruption?);The“languageofmeetings
”andgroupinteractioncannotreallybepracticedsuccessfullywithonlyoneotherperson.However,Ihavefoundthatinmostcasesac
ombinationofone-to-oneandsmallgrouptuitionisthemosteffectiveformulaforlearnersneedingtoimprovetheirEnglishskillsforprof
essionalpurposes.Inthisway,thelearnershasthebestofbothworlds.版权所有:高考资源网(www.ks5u.com)版权所有:高考资源网(www.ks5u.com)