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阅读理解——科技及环保环保——抛弃型社会环保——全球变暖科技——基因科技——彩虹科技——太空垃圾的危害其他——健康——如何提高记忆力一(2021-2022学年南京市建邺区)CPapercups,plasticbagsandoldnewspa

pers.Therearesomanysingle-usethings（一次性物品）thatwethrowawayafterusingonlyonce.___①___AccordingtonewswebsiteQuartz,wearenowlivingina“t

hrow-awaysociety”.Single-usehasbecomeanaturalwayoflifeandcanbeseenalmosteverywhere.___②___Everyday,weseenewmemes(表情包)

,storiesandInternetslang(网络俚语)onsocialmedia.Withsomanyofthemcomingoutallthetime,thelifespan(寿命)ofeachbeco

messhort----theybecome“singe-useonlineproducts”.Thisalsomeanssocialmediausersarealwayssearchingforthenextbigthing.___③___Youma

yfeelfrustrated(沮丧)whentryingtokeepupwiththesememesandslang,butyoujustcannothelpbutkeepscrolling(滚屏).Itisendless----nomatt

erit’sWeChatMoments(朋友圈),SinaWeiboorFacebook.___④___Whileyoureadsingle-usecontent(内容)online,youalsoproduceit.Since2017,WeChatMoments(朋友圈)hasal

loweduserstomakeonlythelastthreedaysoftheirpostsviewable(可见的).Asaresult,moreandmorepeopledon’ttaketheirpostsseriously.Sinceitdoesn’

ttaketoomuchtimeandenergytocommunicateanymore,wenowevenhavedisposable(用后即扔的)friendships,accordingtoasto

ryinFastCompany.Asingle-usewayoflifemaygiveyouquickpleasure.Butthepleasuremaynotlastforlongbecausethereisnodeepthoughtbehindit.Maybe

weneedtoslowdownandenjoyamorethoughtfulwayoflife.32.Wherecanwebestput“Buttheideaofsingle-useisaboutmorethanjustplastica

ndpaper.”?A.①B.②C.③D.④33.Whydoesthewritermention“WeChatMoments’threedaysviewable”inParagraph5?A.ToshowthatWeChattakealltheusers’privacy(隐私)s

eriously.B.Toexplainthereasonwhythelifespanofmemesandslangbecomesshort.C.ToteachWeChatusershowtopostso

methingmeaningfulontheirMoments.D.Toprovethatweareproducingsingle-usethingswhenwereadthemonline.34.Whatisthewriter’sopinionofsingle-

usewayoflife?A.Sincesingle-usewayoflifegivesuspleasure,weshouldenjoyit.B.Single-uselifewillbehelpfultoourrelationsh

ipwithothers.C.Weneedtothinktwiceandleadamorethoughtfulwayoflife.D.Single-uselifeisanaturalwayoflifeandweshouldgetus

edtoit.35.Thewriterwouldprobablytalkabout__________ifhecontinuestowritethispassage.A.thedisadvantagesofsinge-use

wayoflifeB.thereasonsthatcausesinge-usewayoflifeC.thewaystoavoidsinge-usewayoflifeD.differentopinionsaboutsinge-usewayoflife.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35

.C【解析】我们正处于“抛弃型社会”中，我们现在不仅仅抛弃一次性使用的塑料和纸张，而且我们也在抛弃表情包，网络语言等电子产品，如果我们想过一种有思想的生活，我们就应该减少抛弃。32推理判断题。“Buttheideaofsingle-usei

saboutmorethanjustplasticandpaper.”表示“但一次性使用的概念不仅仅是塑料和纸张”，下文应紧跟一次性这种概念对我们生活的影响，①处前面提到了塑料和纸，①处后面说一次性无处不在，已成为生活方式，所以这句话放在

①处最合适，故选A。33推理判断题。根据“Whileyoureadsingle-usecontent(内容)online,youalsoproduceit.”可知，此处说我们自己在线阅读时，也在产生一次性的东西，所以后面提到的朋友圈是为了

支持这个观点，故选D。34细节理解题。根据“Maybeweneedtoslowdownandenjoyamorethoughtfulwayoflife.”可知，作者认为要放慢节奏，三思而后行，不要过一次性的生活，要过一种更好的生活，

故选C。35推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asingle-usewayoflifemaygiveyouquickpleasure.”可知，作者在本段阐述了一次性生活所带来的负面的东西，接下来应该建议如何避免这

种一次性的生活方式，故选C。二(2021-2022学年南京市栖霞区)DTheChacaltayaskiareasitsuponasmallmountainglacier(冰河)inBolivia.Althoughtheareai

slessthanakilometerlong,itoncehostedinternationalskicompetitions.Inthepasttenyears,however,thesnowhasmelted(融化)veryquickly.A

sChacaltayaglaciermelts,darkrocksareuncovered.Theserocksabsorbmoreheat,causingthesnowtomeltfaster.Thecycleseemsunstoppableinthelo

ngrun.Today,thesnowisalmostgone,andsoareChacaltaya’sdaysasapopularskiresort.AGlobal(全球的)ProblemInrecentyears,sc

ientistsallaroundtheworldhavecometoaterrifying(可怕的)conclusion.Globalwarmingisarealproblem,andonelargelycausedbyhumanactivity.Butasexpertsdis

cusshowtosolvetheproblem,iceinmountainssuchasChacaltaya,andneartheNorthandSouthPoles,ismeltingfasterthaneventhemostpessimistic(悲观的)environmental

istsoncefeared.Tenyearsago,scientistswarnedthattheArcticOcean(北冰洋)couldloseallitsiceinaboutahundredyears.Now,theythinkitcouldhappenmu

chsooner.AsclimatescientistMarkScrrezeputsit,“Realityisexceedingexpectations.”GlacicrRunTheicesheetofGreenlandis

alsomeltingmorequicklythanscientistspredicted.Itslargestoutletglacier,JakobshavnIsbra,ismovingtowardtheseafasterthanwethought

.Infact,theglacierismovingtwiceasfastasitwasin1995.Risingairandseatemperaturesaretwowell-knowncauses.Researchersh

avealsodiscoveredotherunexpectedprocessesthatcausethemtomeltfaster.Forinstance,waterfrommeltingicerunsdown

cracks(裂缝)intheglacierandgetsbetweentheiceandtherockbelow.Thismakesiteasierfortheglaciertogointothewarmerseawater.SomeresearchersbelievethatGree

nland’smeltingifitcontinues,couldaddatleastametertoglobalsealevelsby2100.IftheicesheetofAntarctica,nowlargelyunaffected(未受影响

的),beginstomelt,thenextfewcenturiescouldseeatleastatwo-meterriseinsealevels,forcingtenofmillionsofpeopleoutofth

eirhomes.DryingOutWhilethemeltingofglaciersmayfloodsomeareasoftheEarth,globalwarmingismakingthewaterdisappearfromotherplaces.Manyscie

ntiststhinktheglaciersoftheHimalayasandtheAndescoulddisappearinthiscentury.AsaresultmillionsofpeopleinIndia,Bangladesh.BoliviaandPeruwhodepe

ndonwaterfrommountainglacierslikeChacaltayacouldfindthemselvesincriticalsituation.Anincreasingnumberofheatwave

sanddroughtsworldwidealsosuggestsglobalwarmingishavinganinfluenceonhumansrightnow.andthatitcouldchangethefaceofth

eworldinthefuture.Howcanweavoidtheseterribleconsequences(后果)?“Wehavetohaveaseriousandimmediatechangeinattitude(

态度),”saysLaurieDavid,aproducerofthemovieAninconvenienttruth,whichhelpedtoraiseawareness(意识)oftheproblem.Manybelievethat

anattitudeofhopemakesagoodbeginning.Asmostwouldagree,aninformedpublicisclearlyinabetterpositiontohelpaddressthiscriticalissue.37.Wha

tisthemainideaofthisreadingarticle?A.Risingtemperaturescancauseglobalwarming.B.GlobalwarmingiscausingproblemsonEarth.C

.Scientistsaretryingtoslowthemeltingofglaciers.D.GIobalwarmingismeltingskiareasallaroundtheworld.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedsenten

ce“Realityisexceedingexpectations”mean?A.TheArcticicemeltingfasterthanpredicted.B.Peoplehavingnowaterto

drinkinPeru.C.Thesungettinghotterthanscientiststhought.D.Expertssolvingtheglobalwarmingproblem.39.Whatdosomeresearchersbelievewi

llhappenbytheyear2100?A.Globalsealevelswillrisebyatleastameter.B.TherewillbenomoreiceintheArcticOcean.C.TheicesheetofAntarcticawillh

avecompletelymelted.D.Therewillbefewerheatwavesanddroughtsallovertheworld.40.WhichofthefollowingwouldLaurieDavidprobablyagreewith?A.Globalw

armingisaproblemthatwillfixitselfovertime.B.Theaveragepersoncan’tdomuchtoaffectglobalwarming.C.Tostopglobalwarming,peoplen

eedtochangehowtheythink.D.Globalwarmingwillonlybeaproblemmanyyearsinthefuture.【答案】37.B38.A39.A40.C【解析】本

文主要讲述了全球变暖这个问题。37主旨大意题。根据“Globalwarmingisarealproblem,andonelargelycausedbyhumanactivity.”可知，全球变暖正在给地球带来问题。故选B。38词句

猜测题。根据“Now,theythinkitcouldhappenmuchsooner.”可知，很多问题会很快出现，推出北冰洋的冰会很快消失，因此“Realityisexceedingexpectations.”意为“TheArctici

cemeltingfasterthanpredicted.”；故选A。39细节理解题。根据“SomeresearchersbelievethatGreenland’smeltingifitcontinues,couldaddatleastametertoglob

alsealevelsby2100.”可知，到2100年，全球海平面至少会增加1米。故选A。40细节理解题。根据“Manybelievethatanattitudeofhopemakesagoodbeginning.”和“Wehavetohaveaseriousandimmed

iatechangeinattitude(态度),”saysLaurieDavid”可知，为了阻止全球变暖，人们需要改变他们的思维方式；故选C。三(2021-2022学年南京市玄武区)DWhenweseebabi

esorpets,wecan’thelpgentlytouchingthemtoshowourlove.Andtheygiveushappyfeelingsback.Butarecentstudyshowsthatit’sdifferentforplants

.Astudy,publishedinThePlantJournal,showsthatplantsdon’t“like”tobetouched.That’sbecausetouchingchangestheirgenes

(基因)and,evenworse,canslowtheirgrowth.ProfessorJimWhelanoftheLaTrobeInstituteinAustraliagaveanexplanation.“Thelightesttouchfromahuman,ani

mal,insect,orevenplantstouchingeachotherinthewind,leadstoahugegenechangeintheplant,”ScienceDailyreported.Inordertotestthetheory,thescie

ntistsdidanexperimentonplants.Theygrewanumberofplantstotheageoffourweeks.Thentheytouchedthemwithapaintbrushevery12hoursovera36-hour

period.Theyfoundthatasaresponsetothetouch,themitochondria(线粒体)intheplantshadbeenpartlydestroyed.Themitochondria,as

ScienceAlertnoted,arethe“powerhouseofthecell.Themitochondriaproduceenergyfortherestofthecellinbothan

imalsandplants.Ifthis“powerhouse”isweakened,theplantswilllosealargeamountofenergythatshouldhavesupportedtheirgrowth.Whelanfurtherexplai

nedtoScienceDaily,“Ifthetouchingisrepeated,thenplantgrowthisreducedbyupto30percent.”Althoughtheprocessdoeshaveastrongeffec

tonplants,usuallytheplantssurvive.Touchingchangestheplants,butit’snotnecessarilyabadchange.AccordingtoScienceAlert,frequenttouchingormovingplantsw

illmakethemgrowshorterthanotherones.Theresearchersbelievethischange,insomeways,couldbehelpful.Itmayhelpplan

tsfightthreatstotheirhealthsuchasinsectsandbadweather.Thenewresearchfindingshaveledtoadeeperunderstandingoftheplants’responseto

touching.Andtheresearchmight“openupnewwaystoreducesensitivity(敏感性)andoptimize(优化)growthinthefuture”,ScienceAlertreported.34.Wh

ydon’tplantsliketobetouched?A.Plants’geneswillbechanged.B.Plantswillgrowmuchtallerthanothers.C.Plantsgrowthwillbereducedbyupto40percent

.D.Plantswilllosetheabilitytofightagainstbadweather.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“weakened”inParagraph6po

ssiblymean?A.Becomingstronger.B.Becominglessstrong.C.Becominglesschangeable.D.Becomingmorechangeable.36.Whatcanwegetfromthenewresearch?A.An

ewwaytoincreasesensitivityinthefuture.B.Atotallybadandstronginfluenceonplants’growth.C.Awonderfulmethodtohelpplantsgrowbetterandbetter.D.Adee

perunderstandingoftheplants’responsetotouching.【答案】34.A35.B36.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新的研究成果，即外界的触摸对植物而言是一种负担，会改变它们的基因，延缓成长。34细节理解题。根据原文“Th

at’sbecausetouchingchangestheirgenes”可知，人们的触碰会改变植物的基因。故选A。35词句猜测题。结合前后文“Themitochondriaproduceenergyfortherestofthecellinbothanimalsandplan

ts”和“theplantswilllosealargeamountofenergythatshouldhavesupportedtheirgrowth”可知，线粒体会为植物提供能量，如果它被削弱了，植物会失去促进其生长的能量。故“weakened”有“变弱”之意。故选B。36细节理解题。根据

原文“Thenewresearchfindingshaveledtoadeeperunderstandingoftheplants’responsetotouching”可知，新的研究结果使人们对这些植物对触摸的反应有了更深入的了解。故选D。四Youmighthaveseenbeau

tifulrainbowsintheskybefore.Theyformwhensunlightfallsonwaterdropsintheair.Butinfact,moonlightcanalsocreaterainbowsinthesameway.Theyarecalled“moonbows

”.Theyaresimilartorainbows,buttheyarecreatedbymoonlightinsteadofdirectsunlight.Moonbowsarerarerthanrainbows.Differentweatherandastronom

ical（天文学的）conditionshavetobejustrightformoonbowstobecreated.Themoonhastobeverylowinthesky-only42degreesfromthehorizon（地平

线）.Themoonperiodhastobeafullmoonornearlyfull.Theskymustbeverydarkforamoonbowtobewatchedclearly—anybrightlightcanobscureit.Waterdropsmustapp

earintheairintheoppositedirectionofthemoon.Moonbowsappearontheoppositesideofthemoonandusuallylookwhitetothehumaneye.

Thisisbecausetheircolorsarenotbrightenoughtobenoticedbythehumaneye.Itispossible,however,toviewthecolorsinamoonbowusin

glongexposure（长时间曝光）photography.Moonbowsmoreoftenappearinsomelocationsaroundtheworld.Mostoftheselocationsusuallyhavewaterfalls,wh

ichcreatethinfogintheair.SomeoftheselocationsaretheYosemiteNationalParkinCaliforniaandCumberlandFallsStateResortParkinKentucky,US;V

ictoriaFallsontheborderofZambiaandZimbabwe;andWaimeainHawaii,US.Moonbowsdoreallyhappen.Soatacertaintimeandacertainplace,whenamoonb

owhappenstoappear,youcan’tmissitifyou'rerightthere.42.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,moonbowsare________.A.createdbysunlightB.mucheasiertofin

dC.seenduringthedayD.moredifficulttoform43.Whichofthefollowingcanbetheconditionsforamoonbowtoform?A.Ahalfmoonhangshighinthebrightsky.B.Afullmo

onis50degreesfromthehorizon.C.Anearlyfullmoonhangslowinthedarksky.D.Waterdropsareintheoppositedirection

ofthesun.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph3probablymean?A.coverB.dropC.connectD.produce45.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Conditionsof

moonbows.B.Backgroundofmoonbows.C.Locationsofmoonbows.D.Developmentofmoonbows.【答案】42.D43.C44.A45.C【解析】文章介绍了罕见的月虹形成的原因，条件等。42细节理解题

。根据第二段“Moonbowsarerarerthanrainbows.Differentweatherandastronomical（天文学的）conditionshavetobejustrightfor

moonbowstobecreated.”可知，月虹比彩虹少见，更难形成，故选D。43细节理解题。根据第三段“Themoonhastobeverylowinthesky-only42degreesfromthehor

izon（地平线）.Themoonperiodhastobeafullmoonornearlyfull.Theskymustbeverydarkforamoonbowtobewatchedclearly”可知，月亮在天空中必

须非常低，离地平线只有42度。月亮周期必须是满月或接近满月。天空一定很暗，才能清楚地看到月虹，故选C。44词义猜测题。根据“Theskymustbeverydarkforamoonbowtobewatchedclearly—anybrightlightcanobscureit.”可知，天空一定很

暗，才能清楚地看到月虹，任何光线都能遮住它，所以单词“obscure”指的是“遮住，覆盖”，与cover同义，故选A。45主旨大意题。根据“Moonbowsmoreoftenappearinsomelocationsaroundtheworld.”可知，这里介绍

的是能够容易出现月虹的一些地方，故选C。五(2021-2022学年泰州市海陵区)DOnNov.16,sevenastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)wokeup

toanalarm(警报).ARussianmissile(导弹)testhadjustbombedasatelliteintomorethan1,500piecesofspacedebris(残骸).Somegotveryc

losetotheISS.NASAsaysspacedebrislikethiscantravelatmorethan28,000km/h.That’smuchfasterthanabullet(子弹)(about3,500km/h).Evenapea-

sizedpieceofdebriscould“wipeout”aspacestationorkillanastronautifheorsheisdoingaspacewalk,saysLiveScience.Sincethe1950s,humanshavesen

tthousandsofrocketsandsatellitesintospace.Manyarestillthere,andwenowfaceanever-increasingproblemofspacerubbish.In2006,forexample,NationalGeograp

hicreportedthatatinypieceofspacerubbishhittheISS,takingasmallpieceofglassoutofawindow.InJuneofthisyear,apieceofde

brisranintooneofthestation’sroboticarms,whicharejustlikethearmsofarobot,andleftahole.Scientistsaretryingdifferentwaystodealwiththeprobl

em.Onewayistouseahugenet.In2018,theUK’sSurveySpaceCentercaughtsomespacerubbishwithanetinanexperiment.Itfirstfoundthedebris,andthencoll

ecteditwithanetandaharpoon(鱼叉).Anotherwayistouseroboticarms.ClearSpace1,theEuropeanSpaceAgency’stasktocleansp

acerubbish,isgoingtobesentintospacein2025.Itwilluseroboticarmstocatchdebris.ThisplanstothrowthedebrisintoEar

th’satmosphere(大气层),whereitwillburnupasitfallsbecauseofstrongfriction(摩擦).59.ThebomboftheRussianmissilemainlycauses________accordingtotheartic

le.A.plantsB.soilC.foodD.spacedebris60.AccordingtoNASA,spacedebrismoves________asfastasabullet.A.eightt

imesB.ninetimesC.seventimesD.sixtimes61.Whathappenstoaspacestationifitgets“wipedout”?A.Itgetscleaned.B.Itgetsrebuilt.C.

Itgetsbroken.D.Itgetsold.62.Thebestwaystodealwithspacedebrisis________accordingtothearticle.a.throwingitawayintotheplanetb.throwingitintot

hesuntoburnupc.collectingitwithnetsandharpoonsd.throwingitintoEarth’satmospheretoburnupA.adB.cdC.abD.bd63.WhatcanweinferfromPar

agraph3-4?A.Thereisnothingwecandotodealwithspacedebris.B.Theastronautsarequitesafeinspaceeventhereisspacedebris

.C.Moreandmoretasksarefailingbecausewedon’twanttocausespacerubbish.D.Thousandsofoldrocketsandsatellitesareturningintospacerubbishfor

years.【答案】59.D60.A61.C62.B63.D【解析】本文介绍了太空垃圾的危害以及科学家为解决这一问题尝试的办法。59细节理解题。根据“ARussianmissile(导弹)testhadjustbombedasatelliteintomorethan1,

500piecesofspacedebris(残骸).”可知，这枚俄罗斯导弹炸毁了一颗卫星，导致产生了太空残骸。故选D。60推理判断题。根据“NASAsaysspacedebrislikethiscantravelatmoreth

an28,000km/h.That’smuchfasterthanabullet(子弹)(about3,500km/h).”可知，太空残骸飞行的速度是子弹的8倍（28,000÷3,500=8）。故选A。61词义猜测题。根据“Evenapea-sizedpiec

eofdebriscould‘wipeout’aspacestationorkillanastronautifheorsheisdoingaspacewalk”可知，太空残骸会摧毁空间站或者杀死太空行走的宇航员，因此“wipeou

t”表示“摧毁”，选项中“Itgetsbroken.”表示“被破坏”，与其近义。故选C。62细节理解题。根据最后两段“Itfirstfoundthedebris,andthencollecteditwith

anetandaharpoon(鱼叉).”以及“ThisplanstothrowthedebrisintoEarth’satmosphere(大气层),whereitwillburnupasitfallsbecause

ofstrongfriction(摩擦).”可知，处理太空垃圾的两个办法是：用网和鱼叉收集太空残骸，以及把太空残骸扔进地球大气层燃烧掉；c和d正确。故选B。63推理判断题。根据“Sincethe1950s,humanshavesentthousa

ndsofrocketsandsatellitesintospace.Manyarestillthere,andwenowfaceanever-increasingproblemofspacerubbish.”可知，人

类已经发送了很多火箭和卫星，现在它们仍然在太空中，太空中的垃圾越来越多，由此推测这些火箭和卫星多年来都在变成太空垃圾。故选D。六(2021-2022学年盐城市亭湖区)CEveryyear,asthesummerdaysgrow

shorter,anamazingchangehappensinCanadianforests.Assummerchangestoautumn,thetreesturncolors,changingfromsummergreenstoshades

ofred,orange,andyellow.It’satrulywonderfulsight!Fromadistance,theforestlooksasifit’sonfire.WhenIwasaboy,mygrandmoth

ertoldmethatastrangelittlemancameatnightwithapaintbrushtopainttheleavesthosewonderfulcolors.AndIbelievedherforitwasawonderfulwayofexplaining

thischangetoalittleboy.ButasIgrewolder,mynaturalcuriosityledmetodosomeresearchonmyown.Asalways,sciencehadtheanswer.Treesneedfood,jus

tlikealllives.Leavesproducefoodforthetree.It’sjustsugar,whichissometimescalledglucose(葡萄糖).Leavesusesunlighttochangewaterand

CO2intooxygen(氧气).Theprocessbywhichleavesdothisisknownasphoto-synthesis(光合作用).Achemicalcalledchlorophyll(叶绿素)helpsmaket

hishappen.Chlorophyllisthereasonwhyleavesaregreensummer.However,Canadianwintersarelong,coldanddark.Thereisn’tenoughsunshineinwi

nterfortheleavestomakefood.Inautumn,asthedaysshorten,thetreesgetasignaltoslowdown.It’stimetotakearest.Don’tworry,though.Theyhaveenoughfoodprepare

dtolastallwinter.Whentheleavesstopmakingfood,theynolongerneedtomakechlorophyll.Slowly,thechlorophylldisa

ppears.Remember,thisisthechemicalthatmakesleavesgreen.Asthechlorophyllgoesaway,sodoesthegreencolor.Webegintoseetheothercolorsthatarealwayst

here.Wecouldnotseethembeforebecausegreenisastrongcolor.58.Thewriterthought________changedthecolorofleavesinautumnwhenhewas

achild.A.thesunB.astrangemanC.thewindD.hisgrandmother59.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?A.B.C.D.

60.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howastrangemanpaintedtrees.B.Whatfoodtreesneedduringayear.C.Whyleaveschangecolorsinautumn.D.Whatmagicchemicalswe

havenow.【答案】58.B59.B60.C【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了树叶在秋天变色的原因。58细节理解题。根据文中“WhenIwasaboy,mygrandmothertoldmethatastrangelittlemancameatnightwitha

paintbrushtopainttheleavesthosewonderfulcolors.”可知当他还是个孩子时，他认为是一个奇怪而身材矮小的人改变了树叶的颜色，故选B。59文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出树叶

在秋天变色的现象，第二段主要讲述了作者小时候奶奶给出的解释，第三到第五段介绍了叶子变色的科学原理。选项B符合题意，故选B。60主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者认为秋季树叶很美丽，从小时候相信奶奶给出的树叶变色的童话解释，到后来认识到树叶

变色的科学原理，故文章主要介绍了叶子变色的原理，故选C。七(2021-2022学年盐城市盐都区)(C)Whatifabowloframen(拉面)madebyatopchefwasplacedinfronto

fyou,butyouweretoosickortiredtoeat?Itwouldn’tmatterhowgoodtheramenisanymore--youwouldn’tenjoyitanyway.Saythebossdecidestogiveyouanextrabowloftheworld

’sbestramenonthehouseandletsyouinvitesomeonetoeatforfree.Butyoudonothaveanylovedonestoinvitenotevenaclosefri

end.Yourfeelingsoflonelinesswillmaketheramentastelessaswell.Ramenisliketheexpensivethingsthatmanyofus

thinkwewantinlife.Nicecars,longvacations,fancyclothes.They’renicetohave,butweshouldn’tforgetthatthemostimp

ortantthingsinlifeareourhealthandourlovedones.Wemustfirsttakegoodcareofourhealthandourlovedonesbeforeweworryabouthavingnicethi

ngs.Beingrichisnotalwaysabouthavingmoremoney,itcanalsocomefromtheheart.Havingarichheartisaboutfindinginnerpeace.Onceyouha

veachievedthis,youwillbethankfulforwhatyouhaveandbelessbotheredbywhatyoudon’thave.Otherwise,alltherichesintheworldwillnotbeabletofillyourheart.The

nexttimeyouareenjoyingabowlofdeliciousramenwithalovedoneoraclosefriend,thinkabouthowluckyyouare.Whenlifebringsyoudifficultproblemsandch

allenges,rememberthatthesesamepeoplearethereforyoutohelpyougetpastdifficulttimes.57.InParagraph2,theauthorwantstotell

usthat_______.A.weshouldn’teatramenaloneB.beinglonelyisacommonthingC.eatingaloneisnofunforanyoneD.eventhebestramencanbetasteless58.Themostimportantt

hingsinlifeare________.A.theexpensivethingsB.nicecarsC.longvacationsD.ourlovedonesandhealth59.Tohavearichheart,yoush

ouldfirst________.A.getmoremoneyB.findinnerpeaceC.bethankfulforwhatyouhaveD.findoutwhatyoudon’thave60.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?A.Thebest

waytoenjoyabowloframen.B.Howtogetpastchallenges.C.Howtobecomearichperson.D.Theimportanceofhavinglovedones.【答案】57.C58.D59.B60.D【解析】本文通过吃一碗拉面展开讨论，告诉我

们生命中最重要的事情是我们的健康和我们所爱的人。57推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Yourfeelingsoflonelinesswillmaketheramentastelessaswell.”可知，你的孤独感也会让拉面变得毫无味道，由此推断，第二段是为了告诉我们，一个人吃饭很无趣

。故选C。58细节理解题。根据第三段“They’renicetohave,butweshouldn’tforgetthatthemostimportantthingsinlifeareourhealthandourlovedones.”可知，生命中最重要事情是我们的健康和我

们所爱的人。故选D。59细节理解题。根据第四段“Havingarichheartisaboutfindinginnerpeace.”可知，要有一颗富有的心，你首先应该找到内心的平静。故选B。60主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thenexttimeyouareenjo

yingabowlofdeliciousramenwithalovedoneoraclosefriend,thinkabouthowluckyyouare.Whenlifebringsyoudifficultproblemsandchallen

ges,rememberthatthesesamepeoplearethereforyoutohelpyougetpastdifficulttimes.”及全文可知，全文的中心是在讲爱你的人的重要性。故选D。八(2021-2022学年盐城市盐都区)(D)Iwaslockedinsi

dethecabin(小木屋).Ifoundasaw(锯)andbegantouseittomakeaholesecretlysothatIcouldgetout.Oneday,Papreturnedfromatriptothestoreloo

kingveryangry.Hebegantoshoutandknockfurnituretothefloor.Isatback,waiting.Ithoughthe’dtakeasticktome.Hislawyer(律师)hadtoldhimthathewouldneverbeabletof

orceJudgeThatchertogivehimthemoney.HealsosaidthatWidowDouglaswasagainaskingthecourt(法庭)totakemeawayfromhim,andthistimeth

elawyerthoughtthatthewidow(寡妇)wouldsucceed.IknewthatIdidnotwanttoreturntolivewiththewidow.Icouldneverreturntoliveinaproperhouseandgot

oschool.IhadgotusedtothetypeoflifethatPapandIlived.Ididn’twanttochangeagain.Papsaidhewouldneverallowthecourttotakemeawayfr

omhim.Hewouldhidemeinanothercabin,andnoonewouldfindme.Ibegantoworry.IknewthatIhadtogetawaybeforewemovedoutofourpresentcab

in.Paptoldmetogotohisboatandbringthefoodandwhiskey(威士忌)thathehadboughtatthestore.Itookthemuptothecabin,andthenwe

ntbackdowntobringtheboatuptheshore(岸).Ilookedbackatthecabin,andthenoveratthewoods.IfIwantedto,Icouldtakeoffrunningrightnow.I’dke

epgoingasfarawayasmyfeetwouldcarryme.ButthatwaswhenPapshouted,“Boy,areyouasleepordrowned(淹死)?”61.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1mean?A.It

houghthewouldhitme.B.Ithoughthecouldn’tmove.C.Ithoughtheneededastick.D.Ithoughthewouldgivemeastick.62.WhowantedtotakemeawayfromPap?A.Thelawy

er.B.JudgeThatcher.C.WidowDouglas.D.MarkTwain.63.“I”wasexpecting________.A.tolivewiththewidowB.tofindachancetorunfarawayC.towearfineclothesandsho

esD.Paptolet“me”livewiththewidow64.WhichofthewordsbelowcanbestdescribePap?A.Serious.B.Patient.C.Strict.D.Rude.65.Whichistherightorder

ofwhathappenedinthepassage?a.Papdecidedtohidemeinanothercabin.b.Ilivedwiththewidowandwenttoschool.c.Paplockedmei

nacabinandItriedtogetout.d.Papwenttothestoretobuyfoodandwhiskey.A.d-c-b-aB.b-c-d-aC.c-d-b-aD.c-d-a-b【答案】61.A62.C63.B64.D65.B【解析】

本文写了作者被Pap囚禁在小木屋里，后来想逃跑的事。61词句猜测题。根据“Oneday,Papreturnedfromatriptothestorelookingveryangry.Hebegantoshou

tandknockfurnituretothefloor.”可知，Pap当时很生气，情绪很激动，“我”觉得他会打“我”。故选A。62细节理解题。根据“HealsosaidthatWidowDouglaswasagainaskingtheco

urt(法庭)totakemeawayfromhim,”可知，WidowDouglas要带走我。故选C。63细节理解题。根据“IknewthatIhadtogetawaybeforewemovedoutofourpresentcabin.”可知，“我”想找机会逃跑。故选B。64推理判断题

。根据“Hebegantoshoutandknockfurnituretothefloor.”以及“Boy,areyouasleepordrowned?”可知，Pap是粗鲁的。故选D。65细节理解题。根据“IknewthatIdidnotwanttoreturntolivewiththewido

w.Icouldneverreturntoliveinaproperhouseandgotoschool.”可知，“我”一起和寡妇生活在一起，并且去上学。故第一个是b；根据“Iwaslockedinsidethecabin(小木屋

).Ifoundasaw(锯)andbegantouseittomakeaholesecretlysothatIcouldgetout.”可知，“我”被Pap锁在小木屋里，“我”想要逃跑。故第二个是c；根据“Pap

toldmetogotohisboatandbringthefoodandwhiskey(威士忌)thathehadboughtatthestore.”可知，Pap去买了食物和威士忌。故第三个是d；根据“Papsaidhewouldneve

rallowthecourttotakemeawayfromhim.Hewouldhidemeinanothercabin,andnoonewouldfindme.”可知，Pap要把“我”藏在另一个没有人能找到的木屋里。故第四个是a。因此故事发生的正确顺序是b-c-

d-a。故选B。九(2021-2022学年盐城市亭湖区)DHuckismyname,HuckleberryFinn.Thestorystartedwhenmybestfriend,TomSawyerandIf

ound$12,000inacave.Thatmoneymadeusrich.Wegot$6,000each.JudgeThatcher,animportantmaninSt.Petersburg,putitinthebank,andnowwegetadollaradayinterest(

利息）.ThenakindoldladycalledWidowDouglasinvitedmetolivewithherbecauseIhaven’tgotafamilyorahome.Mymotherdiedalongtim

eago,thenmydad,Pap,disappeared.Hewasaviolent(狂暴的)manespeciallywhenhedrankalot,whichwasmostofthetime,andheoftenbeatme.Iwasscar

edofhim.Ididn’tgotoschoolliketheotherboysofmyage.Ilivedonthestreetsandinthewoods.MylifechangedafterIlivedwiththewido

w(寡妇).Shegavemeabedtosleepinandboughtnewclothesforme.Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtmehowtoeatatatable.Bu

tthenhersisterMissWatsonarrived.Shebroughtherblackslave(奴隶)Jimwithher.IlikedJimbutIdidn’tlikeMissWatsonverymuch.Sheoftenshoutedatme.Wid

owDouglassentmetoschooleveryday.Ididn’tlikegoingthereatfirstbecauselearningwasverydifficult.ButwhenIc

ouldreadandwriteabit,Ididn’tmindgoing.Themonthspassedandwintercame.Theweathergotcold.OnemorningIwokeupandtherewassnowontheground.O

nmywaytoschool,Isawsomefootprintsoutsidethewidow’shouse.Therewasacrossontheheel(脚后跟)oftheleftone.Myheartjumped.Onlyonepersonworebootswithacrossonthe

lefthead!Pap!“He’sheardaboutmymoney,”Ithought.“Andhewantsit!”ThatnightIwenttoseeJim.Jimhadamagicballmadeofanimalhair.Therewasaspiritinsidet

heballthatcouldanswerpeople’squestionsaboutthefuture.61.HowdidHuckgetthemoneywhichwasgiventoJudgeThatchertoputinthebank?A.Huck’sfathergaveh

im.B.WindowDouglasgavehim.C.HuckandTomSawyerfoundthemoneyinacave.DHuck’smotherleftthemoneytohimbeforeshedies.62.HowdidHuck

feelaboutlivingwithWidowDouglas?A.Hedidn’tmindhisnewlife.B.Hehatedhisnewlife.C.Hewantedtogetawayfromhisnewlife.D.Helovedh

isnewlife.63.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat__________.A.MissDouglaswasverykindtoHuckB.Mr.Thatcherwasunimportan

ttoHuckC.MissWatsonwasquitepatientwithHuckD.Huck’sdadwasverygeneroustohim64.Whichistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?①Widow

DouglassentHucktoschool.②Huck’smotherdied.③WidowDouglasinvitedHucktolivewithher.④WidowDouglasreadsto

riestoHuck.A.③④②①B.②④③①C.③②④①D.②③④①65.WhatcanwelearnaboutHuckleberryFinnaccordingtothepassage?A.Huckhadahappylifewithh

isparents.B.ThatcherofferedabedtoHucktosleepin.C.HuckknewthatPapwantedtogethismoney.D.ItwasJimwhohelpedHuckwhenhewasintroubl

e.【答案】61.C62.D63.A64.D65.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲HuckleberryFinn和TomSawyer在洞穴发现钱及后面被寡妇Douglas收养的故事。61细节理解题。根据“Thestorystartedwhenmybestfriend,T

omSawyerandIfound$12,000inacave.”可知钱是TomSawyer和Huck一起在洞穴里发现的，故选C。62推理判断题。根据“ThenakindoldladycalledWidowD

ouglasinvitedmetolivewithherbecauseIhaven’tgotafamilyorahome.”及“Mylifechangedashang'liangfterIlivedwiththewidow(寡妇).Shegavemeab

edtosleepinandboughtnewclothesforme.Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtmehowtoeatatatable.”可知善良的Douglas收养作者并给他买衣服，读故事，教他餐桌礼仪，故可推

知作者对新生活是喜爱的，故选D。63推理判断题。根据“Shegavemeabedtosleepinandboughtnewclothesforme.Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtme

howtoeatatatable.”可知Douglas给他床睡觉，给他买新衣服，读故事并教他餐桌礼仪，因此Douglas是很善良的，故选A。64细节理解题。根据“Mymotherdiedalongtim

eago”及“ThenakindoldladycalledWidowDouglasinvitedmetolivewithherbecauseIhaven’tgotafamilyorahome.”及“Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtmeho

wtoeatatatable.”及“WidowDouglassentmetoschooleveryday.”可知妈妈去世是首先发生的；接下来Douglas邀请他来居住，并给他读故事，最后送他去上学。故顺序是②③④①。故选D。65细节理解题。根据“Onlyonepersonwo

rebootswithacrossonthelefthead!Pap!”及“He’sheardaboutmymoney,Ithought.Andhewantsit!”可知Huck知道Pap想要他的钱。故选C。十(2021-

2022学年无锡市梁溪区)CWeallknowthereisaproblemwithplasticpollution.Fivetrillionplasticbagsareusedeveryyear.Onemillio

nplasticdrinkingbottlesareboughteveryminute.Whatifwecoulduseplasticwastetobuildroads?ThisiswhatTobyMcCartneyhasalreadydone.In2019,McCartney’sUK-bas

edcompany,MacRebur,builttheworld’sfirstplasticroadinElgintown,Scotland.Theplasticwastewasmadeintograins(颗粒)andthenmixedwithbitum

en(沥青).Theroadlooksjustlikeanyotherroad.Butithasimprovedstrengthandismorestretchy(有弹性的)thankstotheplastic.“Ourtechnologycannotonlyhelpsolve

theproblemofplasticwastebutalsoproduceroadsthatdealbetterwithchangesintheweather,reducingcracks(裂缝)andpotholes(路面的坑洼),”McCartneytoldtheB

BC.McCartney’sideacamefromatriptoIndia.“IsawpeopleinIndiawouldputplasticwasteintopotholesandburnit.Theplasticwouldmelt(熔化)downandforma

sealinthehole,”saidMcCartney.“Iknewthattheremustbesomesimilaritiesbetweentheplasticandbitumen,whichbothcomefromoil.That’sh

owIstartedtothinkaboutmixingthem,”hesaid.“We’rejustasmallpartofendingtheplasticproblems,butit’snicetobepartofit,”McCartneysaid.“Ijustdon

’twantmydaughterstoliveinaworldwheretherearemoreplasticsinouroceansthanfish.”31.Paragraph1iswrittentoshowthatplasticpollut

ionis________.A.fasterthanexpectedB.betterthanotherpollutionC.aseriousproblemD.mostlyunknown32.Compared(比较)withnormalroads,the

plasticroad________.a.isnoteasytobreakb.isafraidofhotweatherc.ismorestretchyd.costsmoremoneyA.abB.acC.bcD.bd33.Whatdo

esMcCartneymeaninthelastparagraph?A.Plasticpollutionwillsoonbesolvedwithhishelp.B.Childrenshouldalsojointoreduceplasticpollu

tion.C.Plasticpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.D.Heiswillingtoofferhelpinreducingplasticpollution.【答案】31.C32.B33.D【

解析】本文主要讲述了塑料污染的严重性，为了解决这个问题，TobyMcCartney想出了一个主意——用塑料垃圾建造道路。31推理判断题。根据文中第一段“Fivetrillionplasticbagsareusedeveryyear.Onemillionplas

ticdrinkingbottlesareboughteveryminute.”可推理出，第1段表明塑料污染是一个严重的问题。故选C。32推理判断题。根据文中“Theroadlooksjustlikeanyotherroad.Butithasimprovedstrengthandismo

restretchy(有弹性的)thankstotheplastic.”可推理出，与普通道路相比，塑料道路不易断裂，且更有弹性。故选B。33推理判断题。根据文中““We’rejustasmallpartofendingtheplasticpr

oblems,butit’snicetobepartofit,”McCartneysaid.”可推理出，McCartney在最后一段的意思是他愿意为减少塑料污染提供帮助。故选D。十二(2021-2022学年泰州市海陵区)CLifehasawayofshap

ingus.Lifecanmakeyoudoubtorquestionyourpurpose.ThesearethoughtsthatIhavehadinmyheadformanyyears.Poetrypreparesmeformypurpose.Mypurpo

seispoetry.Inmyjourneytowardspurpose,poetryismysafetynet.Istartedwritingattheageof5.By13,Ihadwrittenquitealotofpoems

.Poetrywasmyescapefrombullyingbymypeers(同龄人)andteacherswhenstudyinginanAmericancountryschool.TheybulliedmebecauseofthewayIlooked.Thisbullyinggave

melowself-respect.Poetrywasmywaytobeseen,beheardandbeknown.Foreachimportantmomentinmylife,Iwritepoetry.Inhardtimes,Iwritepoetry.Iconn

ectwithpoetryonadeeplevel.Ithelpsmeoutofpain.However,writingpoetrycan’tsupportme.SoIturnedtoteachinginstead.WhilelivinginC

hina,myjobisanEnglishteacher.Ihelpteachtwoclasses.ThetwoChineseteachersIworkwithtellmehowtoteachthestudentsEnglish.TheteachersdecidewhatIne

edtodointheclassroom.Withchallengingsituationslikethis,Ikeeponwritingpoetry.Iwritedownmyfeelings.Idrawpicturesoftherealworld.Iaccepta

newme.Ilearntothinkaboutthingswithconfidence.Myrelationshipwithpoetrygrowsovertime.Poetrystaysinthedepthsofmysoul(灵魂).Thereisnothingstopp

ingyou.Theonlypersonstandinginyourwayisyou.Youhavethepower.Keepgoing.Keepbelieving.Rememberthatyourhardworkisnotinvain.Goforit!Yourpurp

oseiswaitingforyou!54.Theauthorsaidpoetrywashersafetynetbecause________.A.ithelpedheroutofpainB.itwasawayforhertomakefriendsC.itgaveherasenseofachiev

ementD.itmadeherpopularamongherpeers55.Whatmadetheauthorchangeherselfandthinkwithconfidence?A.Therespectfromherpartner.B.Thel

ovefromherstudents.C.Thenon-stoppoetrywriting.D.Thecareerofbeingateacher.56.Thephrase“invain”means________inthelastparagraph.A.necessaryB.imp

ortantC.successfulD.useless57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttheauthor?A.Theauthorbeganwritingpoetrywhensh

ewas5.B.TheauthorusedtobebulliedbyherpeersandteachersinAmerica.C.TheauthormovedtoChinatomakemoremoneytopublishhe

rpoetry.D.TheauthorworkedasanEnglishteacher,butshecontinuedwritingpoetry.58.Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe________.A.Workt

odiscoveryourpurposeB.BebravetofacethebullyC.FailureisthemotherofsuccessD.Diguptothedepthsofyoursoul【答案】54.A55.C56.D57.C58.A【解析】本文

讲述了自己的目标是诗歌，她一直努力去达到她的目标。54推理判断题。根据“Inhardtimes,Iwritepoetry.Iconnectwithpoetryonadeeplevel.Ithelpsmeoutofpai

n.”可知，作者说诗歌是她的安全网，因为它帮助她摆脱痛苦。故选A。55推理判断题。根据“Withchallengingsituationslikethis,Ikeeponwritingpoetry.Iwritedownmyfeelings.Idrawpicturesoftherea

lworld.Iacceptanewme.Ilearntothinkaboutthingswithconfidence.”可知，不间断的诗歌写作，让作者改变了自己，充满自信地思考。故选C。56词句猜测题。根据“Keepgoing.Keepbelieving.”和“Goforit!”可知，要

一直努力，一直相信自己，因此努力学习不是无用的，故选D。57推理判断题。根据“However,writingpoetrycan’tsupportme.SoIturnedtoteachinginstead.”和“WhilelivinginChina,myjobisanEnglishteacher.

Ihelpteachtwoclasses.”可知，这位作者搬到中国是教英语，而不是为了赚更多的钱来出版她的诗歌。故选C。58标题归纳题。根据“Poetrypreparesmeformypurpose.Mypurposeispoetry.”和“Keepgoing.Keepbeliev

ing.Rememberthatyourhardworkisnotinvain.Goforit!Yourpurposeiswaitingforyou!”可知，本文讲述要一直努力工作，来找到自己的目标。故选A。十三(2021-2022学年南京市玄武区)EMymom’slifewasabus

yone.Raisingfourkidsonherownwasafulltimejobinitself,butshealsoworkedoutsidethehome.Surprisingly,shealw

aysseemedtofindalittlebitofextratimeforusdespite(不管)herschedule(预定计划).Shewouldtakeusovertomyaunt’sintheeveni

ngwhensheworkedasawaitressinasmalldiner.Wewouldjustbefinishedwithschoolandhavetohurry,somymomwouldbeonti

meforwork.Ithoughtshewouldpassusovertoourauntandhurryoffassoonaswemadeitthroughthefrontgate,butthatdidn’thappen.Instead,wewoulds

itontheporch(门廊),mymominherwaitressuniform,andwewouldrockinmyaunt’sbigwoodenswing(秋千)andtalkaboutwhathappenedthatday.“Ilearned

howtoaddnumbersuptothehundreds,”mysisterSandywouldsay.“That’swonderful,”mymomwouldreply,holdinghertight.“Ilearnedhowtowri

temyname!”Larry,myyoungerbrother,wouldshout.Mymomwouldgetapieceofpaperandapenciloutofherpurseandhandittomybrother.“Showmehowyoudoit,”she’dasksoftly

.“DoyouhaveenoughtimetohearwhatIdidtoday?”I’daskher.Momwouldsmileatmeandnod.“I’mnevertoobusyforsomethingimportantlikethat!”Shegaveus

thegiftoftimeagainandagainthroughouttheyears.Lateroninherlife,whenshecametolivewithusafterherretirement(退休),mymomgavethegiftoftimetomychildrentoo

.Theywouldrunaroundexcitedly,askingtheirgrandmaifshewouldplaywiththem,orreadthemastory,orgoforawalkwiththem.Bythenmymomhadhealthprob

lems,butshewouldalwaysnodandsitdownandreadtothemortellthemstoriesaboutwhenshewasalittlegirl.Thosemomentswereaw

onderfulgiftthatmychildrenstilltalkaboutandtreasure.Inthelastfewyearsofherlife,Iwouldtakehertolunchorsitwithherontheporch,an

dwewouldtalkaboutthepast,thedreamofthefuture,andjustenjoybeingwitheachother.MymomwouldlistenasIsharedallofmyhopes,myfears,andmydreamsform

yfamily.Iwouldlookatherandaskherifshemindedmetakingupsomuchofherfreetime.“Nonsense,”she’dtellme.Thenshe’dgivemeaw

inkandsay,“I’mnevertoobusytospendtimewithyou.It’soneofthegreatestjoysofmylife.”Iwillalwaysrememberthosewonderfulwordsandthe

lovingheartbehindthem.ItisagiftmymomgivetomeforwhichIwillforeverbegrateful.Inthisbusyworldofours,andinalifefilledwithchallenges,shealwayshadt

imetoshareherjoywithme.37.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatthewritergrewup________.A.inasmalldinerB.inalow-paidfamilyC.onlywithherauntD

.withfoursistersandbrothers38.Whatdidthechildrendoontheporchoftheiraunt’s?A.Theysharedtheirdailyexperiences.B.Theytoldfunnystor

iestotheiraunt.C.Theyhelpedtheirmotherdosomework.D.Theyplayedgamestogetherwiththeiraunt.39.Afterretiring,thewriter’smo

ther________.A.alwaysstayedaloneathomeB.lookedafterthewriter’schildrenC.movedtolivewithherdaughterSandyD.oftengavegiftstothewriter’schildren40

.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AlwaysforPleasureB.Mon’sGiftofTimeC.MyChildren’sMemoryD.WonderfulRetirementLife【答案】37.B38.A39.B40.B【解析】本

文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了自己的母亲。母亲努力工作独自抚养着四个孩子，日子虽然过得很忙碌，但是母亲总是能抽出时间陪伴自己的孩子和孙子，而作者则视这些陪伴的时光为珍贵的礼物。37推理判断题。根据原文“Rais

ingfourkidsonherownwasafulltimejobinitself,butshealsoworkedoutsidethehome”可知，作者的母亲要工作并独自养育四个孩子，负担很重，由此可

推断这一家子的经济状况比较紧张。故选B。38细节理解题。根据原文“Instead,wewouldsitontheporch(门廊),mymominherwaitressuniform,andwewouldrockinmyaunt’sbigw

oodenswing(秋千)andtalkaboutwhathappenedthatday”可知，在他们阿姨家的门廊上，他们会聊这一天发生的事。故选A。39细节理解题。根据原文“Lateroninherlife,whenshecametolivewithusafterherretirement(

退休),mymomgavethegiftoftimetomychildrentoo”可知，作者的母亲退休之后，又帮作者照顾孩子。故选B。40最佳标题。本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了自己的母亲。母亲努力工作独自抚养着四个孩子，日子虽然过得很忙碌，但是

母亲总是能抽出时间陪伴自己的孩子和孙子，而作者则视这些陪伴的时光为珍贵的礼物。故选B。十四(2021-2022学年常州市溧阳市)CMemorycollectsandstoresinformationthatweneedfordiffere

nttasks.Italsoplaysanimportantroleinhelpingusrecognize(识别)andrememberimportantpeopleandspecialthings.Somediseasesdestroythebrain’smemoryfunction

(功能).Yetevenwithouttheseterriblediseases,somepeople,likebusyentrepreneurs(企业家),canrisklosingstoredmemoriesandtheabilitytoformandkeepnewones

.Besides,ourunhealthylifestyles,forexample,littlesleep,canhurtmemoryfunction.Luckily,sciencegivesushopewi

thwaystoimproveourmemory.Usegamesandappstotrainyourbrain.A2017studyfoundthatalotofvideogamescanimprovememory-relatedareasinthebrain

.Ifyouaren’tafanofvideogames,considerbrain-trainingandmemoryappstoplaywithwhenyouhaveabreak.Youcanalsotrycrossword,find-a-wordan

dpicturesearchapps.Boardgames(棋类游戏)alsohelp.Exerciseregularly.Whilementalexercisehelpsimproveyourmemoryskills,physicalexerciseisalsoimportant.Sev

eralresearchstudiesshowthatregularphysicalexerciseisgoodformemory.Reducestresslevels.Researchhasfoundthatsomepeoplewithdementia(痴呆)actuallydid

n’thaveitatall.Instead,stresshadhurttheirmemory.Byusingstressreductionmethodstheywereabletogetandevenimp

rovememoryfunctionagain.Eatyourvegetablesandfruit.Astudyshowedthatmenmayimprovetheirmemorybyeatingmorevegetablesan

dfruit.Thestudyincludedabout28,000menintheirearly50swhoansweredquestionseveryfouryears.Thestudyshowedthemenwhoatemorevegetablesandf

ruiteachdaydidn’thavepoorthinkingskillsasoftenasthosewhoatelesseachday.29.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Busypeo

pleusuallyhavememoryloss.B.Diseasesdestroypeople'smemory.C.Therearesomecausesofmemoryproblems.D.Weshouldhavehealthylifestyles.30.Theunder

linedword“mental“means______________inChinese.A.脑力的B.适当的C.丰富的D.剧烈的31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Lossofsleepcanleadtopoormemor

y.B.Playingvideogamesisbadforourmemory.C.Infact,poormemoryiscausedbystress.D.Memorylosscanbeavoidedbyeatinghealthily.32

.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ResultsofastudyonmemoryB.WhymemoryisimportanttousC.HowtoleadahealthylifestyleD.Waystoimprovem

emory【答案】29.C30.A31.A32.D【解析】本文是说明文，短文就如何提高记忆力给出了几点建议。29主旨大意题。根据“Yetevenwithouttheseterriblediseases,somepeople,likebusyentrepreneurs,canrisklo

singstoredmemoriesandtheabilitytoformandkeepnewones.Besides,ourunhealthylifestyles,forexample,littlesleep,canhurtmemoryfu

nction”，可知本段解释导致记忆问题的原因，故选C。30词句猜测题。根据下文“exercisehelpsimproveyourmemoryskills”，可知说的是脑力锻炼，故选A。31推理判断题。根据“Somediseasesdestroythe

brain’smemoryfunction…Besides,ourunhealthylifestyles,forexample,littlesleep,canhurtmemoryfunction”，可知睡眠不足会导致记忆力下降；“Lossofsleepcanleadtopoormemory”说法正

确，故选A。32细节理解题。通读全文，结合“Luckily,sciencegivesushopewithwaystoimproveourmemory”，可知短文就如何提高记忆力给出了几点建议；“Waystoimprovememory”符合文意，故选D。十五(2021-2022学年常州市)

CThelistforthesixth-gradebasketballteamwasannouncedonline.IwasalittleworriedbecauseIknewhowmuchmy12-year-oldsonwantedtomaketheteam.Ireadthel

istof13namesforafewminutes.Finally,Ihadtotellmyselfthatmysonwasn’tamongtheplayerswhowereallowedtocontinueplaying.I

feltsad.Iwisheditwouldbeaboutvictory.Likeeveryparent,Ilovetosay,“Youdidit!”Instead,Ihadtogivemysonaspeechtocomfortmyson,whichwasalotlesse

xciting,butprobablymoreimportant.Itwasnotreallyaspeech,butafurtherdiscussionaboutspirit,courageandnotgivingup.Althou

ghitwaspainfulformetoseemyselfsodisappointed(失望),Ineededtokeepmyownfeelingsincheck.Sure,Iwantedtocallthecoachtosayhemadeabigmistake

,butIwouldnot.NorwouldIletmysonknowthatIthoughtitunfair(不公平的).Instead,Iputmyownfeelingsasideandletmysonhaveasafeplacetocalmdownhisownmoods.

Andwhenhewasdone,Ineededtoencouragehimtocontinuetoimproveskills.Thatdaywasaloss,buttheonlywaytogetanotherwinwastoputon

histrainersandgetonthebasketballcourtagain.Mysonis15yearsoldnow.And,afterbeingcutfromtheteamforthreeyearsinarow(连续地)，hegottosee

hisnameonthelistforthehighschoolteam.Lastweek,myhusbandandIwatchedhimplayinhisfirstgame.Thesmileonhisfacewhenh

emadehisfirstshotinissomethingIwillneverforget.Aftersomanyfailures,itwasawinthatdidn’tcomeeasyforhim.Anditwouldn’thavehappen

edifhehadgivenuptrying.27.Whydidthewriterfeelsadatfirst?A.Becausehersondidn’tkeepfeelingconfident.B.Becausehe

rsondidn’tenterthebasketballteam.C.Becausehersondecidedtostopplayingbasketball.D.Becausehersonfailedinafewbasketballmatches.28.Whatdoest

heunderlinedpart“keepmyownfeelingsincheck”inParagraph3mean?A.Hidemyownfeelings.B.Hurtmyownfeelings.C.Foll

owmyownfeelings.D.Showmyownfeelings.29.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewriter’sson?A.Hefeltunhappywithhisparents.B.Hestoppedworkingonhisga

meskills.C.Heplayedinthehighschoolteamattheageof12.D.Hewasfinallyacceptedbyhishighschoolteam.30.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Cry

outwhenfeelingdownB.GiveupattherighttimeC.VictorycomesfromkeepingtryingD.Successcomesfromchances【答案】27.B28.A29.D30.C【解析】作者的儿子六年级时想加入学校篮球队，但失败了。本

文主要叙述了在查到名单里没有儿子后，作者的心理变化以及对儿子的鼓励。最后经过三年的坚持，儿子终于成功加入篮球队。27细节理解题。根据“Ihadtotellmyselfthatmysonwasn’tamongtheplayerswhow

ereallowedtocontinueplaying.Ifeltsad.”可知，作者感觉难过，是因为儿子没能进入篮球队。故选B。28词句猜测题。根据“Althoughitwaspainfulformetose

emyselfsodisappointed(失望),Ineededto...”可知，本句话是although引导的让步状语从句，表示虽然失望，但是不能表现出来，即隐藏自己的情感。故选A。29推理判断题。根据“hegottoseehisnameonthelistforthehighschoolte

am”可知，儿子进入了高中篮球队，选项D正确。故选D。30标题归纳题。根据“Aftersomanyfailures,itwasawinthatdidn’tcomeeasyforhim.Anditwouldn’thavehappened

ifhehadgivenuptrying.”可知，本句话点明主旨：不放弃尝试才能成功。选项C“成功来自不断的尝试”最适合做标题，故选C。十六(2021-2022学年南通市)CIntheweeksleadinguptothisyear’sDoubleEleven

shoppingfestival,PengLing,acollegestudent,receivedmanyadvertisingmessagesonherphone.Theconfusingthingwasthatshenev

erboughtthingsfromsomeoftheshops,sohowcouldtheyknowherphonenumber?Itcanbequiteannoyingwhenourpersonalinform

ationisleaked（泄露）.Butitwouldbeevenworseifourinformationisusedforcrimes.OnNovemberl,thePersonalInformationProtectionLawcameintoeff

ectinChina.Thelawhasdetailedrulestostrengthentheprotectionofpersonalinformation.Thelawdescribespersonalinformationasanykindo

finformationaboutpeoplewhoareorcanbeidentified.Soaperson’sname,dateofbirth,IDnumber,addressandphonenumberareallpersonalinformation.Thereare

alsosomekindsofpersonalinformationthatareconsideredas“sensitive”,suchasfingerprints,faces,religiousbeliefs,medicalhealthandal

ldatarelatingtominors（未成年）under14.Accordingtothelaw,activitiessuchascollecting,using,processingandtradingofpersonalinformat

ionwillbestrictlycontrolled.Onekeyruleisthatthosedealingwithpersonalinformationshouldletusersknowandgetpermission（许可）.Protectionofperso

nalinformationofonlineplatformusersisespeciallystressed.Accordingtoareport,thecountryhasmorethanonebillionInternetusersa

nd60percentofsurveyedappshadcollectedusers’informationillegally（非法地）.Manyappswouldcollectusers’informationevenwhentheapp

wasnotinuse.Forindividuals,it’simportanttorealizetheimportanceofprotectingpersonalinformation.Ifit’snotnecessary,don’tagre

etosharepersonalinformation.Ifyoufindthatyourpersonalinformationhasbeenusedillegally,youcanreporttocyberspace（网络）ad

ministrations（管理机构）withevidence.Forcompaniesorplatforms,theycanonlyhandlepersonalinformationwhenthereisaspecificpurpose.They

needtomakesuretheinformationisunderstrictprotection.Iftheybreakthelaw,theymaybefinedupto50millionyuan.Peoplewhostealorsellpersonalinformation

willbefinedandmayfaceprisontime.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confusing”inParalprobablymean?A.Amazing.B.Notcl

ear.C.Interesting.D.Easytounderstand.39.Whichofthefollowingbelongstosensitivepersonalinformationacco

rdingtothelaw?A.IDnumbers.B.Dateofbirth.C.Phonenumbers.D.Fingerprints.40.WhatdoesPara5wanttotellus?A.Whenappscollectusers’informationillegall

y.B.HowmanyInternetusersthereareinourcountry.C.Whyprotectionofpersonalinformationisneeded.D.Howonlineusersprotecttheirpersonalinformation.41

.Whatistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Peopleshouldalwaysbecarefulwhensharingpersonalinformation.B.Companiescancollectpersonalinf

ormationbeforegettingpermission.C.Peoplewhostealorsellpersonalinformationwillsurelybeputintoprison.D.Activitieslikecollectingandusingpersonalinforma

tionwillnotbeallowed.【答案】38.B39.D40.C41.A【解析】本文主要讲述个人信息泄露的问题。国家制定了相关法律保护个人信息。38词义猜测题。根据“Theconfusingthingwasthatsheneverboughtthingsfromsomeofthe

shops,sohowcouldtheyknowherphonenumber?”可知，她没有在商店买东西，但是却收到了广告信息，这很令人困惑，“confusing”意为“令人困惑”，与“notclear”同义。故选B。39细节理

解题。根据“Therearealsosomekindsofpersonalinformationthatareconsideredas‘sensitive’,suchasfingerprints,faces,religiou

sbeliefs,medicalhealthandalldatarelatingtominorsunder14.”可知，指纹是敏感的个人信息。故选D。40段落大意题。根据“Protectionofpersonalinformationofonlineplatformusersisespe

ciallystressed...Manyappswouldcollectusers’informationevenwhentheappwasnotinuse.”可知，第五段主要讲述为什么需要保护个人

信息。故选C。41细节理解题。根据“Forindividuals,it’simportanttorealizetheimportanceofprotectingpersonalinformation.Ifit’snotnecessary,don’tag

reetosharepersonalinformation.”可知，人们在共享个人信息时应始终小心谨慎，A选项表述正确。故选A。十七(2021-2022学年苏州市)DHello,I’mRob.Welcometoourprogramme.Todaywe’retalkin

gabouthigh-speedtraintravel.Manycountrieshaveveryfasttrainsthattransportpeoplefromcitytocityinsuper-quicktime.Yes,high-speedtraintravelisbecomi

ngpopular.Well,we’llbefindingoutwhytheUKishopingtodosomethingthatisalreadypopularbybuildinganewhigh-spee

drailline.Weknowthathigh-speedtraintravelhasmanygoodthings.Ithelpstotaketrafficofftheroad,itcauseslesspollution,itcanm

ovelotsofpeopleandit’squick.Yes,speedisimportant.Now,theTGVtraininFrancetakesaboutthreehourstotravelover750kilometresfromParistoMarseilleinthes

outh-veryimpressive.ButtheUKhasbeenslowtobuildhigh-speedraillines.IthasonefromLondontoParis,buttheTransportSecretary,PatrickMcLoughlin,thinksonelin

eisnotgoodenough.PeoplecangofromLondontoParisonhigh-speedtrains,butcan’tgofromLondontoBirmingham.Thatmeansyoucange

ttoParisbytrainmorequicklythanyoucantraveltomanyBritishcities.Thegovernmentwantstobuildanotherone—calledHS2—connectingLondontothemiddlea

ndnorthofEngland.Butnoteveryoneagreestotheplanandthereismuchdiscussion.Somesayitwillbeveryexpensivetobuild,althoughsome

experts（专家）sayforevery1poundspent,itwillbring2poundsback.Therearealsoworriesthatsomeofthecountrysideswillbedestroyed.Itcouldbe

alongtimebeforeafinaldecisionismade.Sonowwe’lljusthavetoacceptthatourtrainsintheUKwillcarryonatanunhurri

edspeedwhilewewatchwithenvyasanothercountry’shigh-speedtrainpassesusby!Thankyou.Wehopeyou’veenjoyedtoday’sprogramme.29.Whatisthetype

oftheprogramme?A.Anewsreview.B.Adramaseries.C.Achatshow.D.Aweeklyround-up.30.WhydoesRobmentiontheTGVtraininparagraph2?A.Toexplain

howitworks.B.Toshowhowfastittravels.C.Toreporthowfaritgoes.D.Toprovehowfamousitis.31.Whatcanweinferfromthearticleaboutthehigh-speedtraintravelin

theUK?A.Itisslow.B.Itisexpensive.C.Itfallsbehind.D.Itbecomespopular.32.Whatdoesthehostthinkofbuildinganewrailli

neintheUK?A.Itwillbecompletedsoon.B.Itisnotagoodidea.C.Itdestroystheenvironment.D.Itmaytakealongtime.【答案】29.A30.B31.C32.D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道，文章

讲述英国希望的高铁线。讲述高铁的优势；英国在高铁线修建的落后，并讲述了不同人对这个计划的不同看法。29推理判断题。根据第一段“Todaywe’retalkingabouthigh-speedtraintravel”，“w

e’llbefindingoutwhytheUKishopingtodosomethingthatisalreadypopularbybuildinganewhigh-speedrailline”及倒数第

二段“Butnoteveryoneagreestotheplanandthereismuchdiscussion”可知文章讨论高铁旅行，英国希望做一些事情来修建一条新的高铁线。并讲述了不同人对这个计划的不同看法。可推断这是一条新闻评论。故选A。30推理判断题。根据第二段“it’squick.Y

es,speedisimportant”及“theTGVtraininFrancetakesaboutthreehourstotravelover750kilometresfromParistoMarseilleinthesouth”可知举例子是为了讲述高铁的速度很快。故选B。31推理判断题。根

据第三段“theUKhasbeenslowtobuildhigh-speedraillines”可知，英国在高铁线的建造上已经落后了。故选C。32推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Itcouldbealongtimebeforeafinaldecisionism

ade”可知，可知最后的决定下定之前可能有很长一段时间。可推断作者的看法是在英国修建一条新的铁路可能要花费很长时间。故选D。