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语法专题二介词和介词短语(一)介词Ⅰ.单句语法填空:根据句意,在空线处填上适当的介词。1.(2019·北京海淀区高三4月期中)Areviewofthisemotionalmirroringappears________February11inTrendsinCognitiveSciences.
答案:on表示具体日期用介词on。2.(2019·宁夏吴忠中学高三下一模)Gatesrecommendedfourbooks________2018,thoughsomewerepublishedearlier.答案:inin用在年份前,表示
“在某年”。3.(2019·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)Thanks________theQianlongEmperoroftheQingDynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation.答案:toth
anksto意为“幸亏,由于”,为固定搭配。4.(2019·吉林省名校高三下联合一模)Thestory-linemayseemalittlechildishbutyoucanenjoyit________anya
ge.答案:atatanyage为固定短语,表示“在任何年纪”。5.(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试)Ifsomeonedarestoopenyourwallet________permission,alittlecamerainsidewilltakeapicturea
ndsendittoyourmobilephone.答案:without句意:如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包,里面的一个小相机就会拍下照片并发送到你的智能手机上。withoutpermission意为“未经允许”,固定用法
。6.(2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)Thechangeofleafcolorsisacommonreasongiven________theloveoffall.答案:forthereasonfor...“……的原因”,固定搭配,故填介词for。7.(2
019·陕西宝鸡高考模拟)Itisnottoofaraway________Singapore,butitistinyintermsofdevelopment.答案:fromfarawayfrom是固定短语,表示“远离
(某地/某人)”。8.(2019·郑州一中高三摸底测试)However,Idorealizethatsometimeslifecanget________thewayofourgoals.答案:ingetinthewayofsth.“妨碍/阻碍某事(发生
)”,为固定短语,故用介词in。9.(2019·江苏省无锡市一中高三第一次阶段性检测)________aresult,first-bornsaredoublyblessed—havingtoomuchoftheirparents'attention.答案:Asasar
esult是固定短语,表示“结果”。10.(2019·广东省茂名市化州市高三高考二模英语试题)MostpeopleinsouthernChinacarrythegeneCR1,whichprotects________malaria(疟疾).答案:againstprotectaga
inst是固定短语,表示“防御;防范”。11.(2019·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校高三五模)Wanderaroundthepicturesquegardensorlookthrough________theantiqueshops.答案:
among句意:在风景如画的花园里漫步,或是在古董店里浏览。among表示“(范围)在……之中”。12.(2019·辽宁省部分重点高中高三联考)Lookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourway_____
___successisourfear.答案:toonone's/thewaytosuccess“通往成功之路”,故填to。13.(2019·兰州一中高三月考)Ihavebeenobsessedwiththecity________years.
答案:for句意:我着迷于这座城市许多年了。foryears“好多年”,for一般与一段时间连用,故填for。14.(2019·黑龙江省鹤岗一中高三月考)Nowalleyeswerefixed_______
_Janie.答案:onfixone'seyeson“凝视,盯着看”,故答案为on。15.(2019·河北衡水中学高三模拟)Irealizedtheyhavesomethings________common—thingsth
atimmediatelystartedhelpingmeimprovemy“no”skills.答案:inhave...incommon是固定搭配,表示“有共同点”。Ⅱ.单句改错:下面每句各有一处错误,请把答案写在句子后面的横线上。1.(2019·北京西城高考模拟)MissDalry
mplelookedatherclassinten-year-olds.__________________________________________________________________答案:in→ofof指具有某种品
质或特征,此处指10岁的这一类人。2.(2019·河北邯郸高三一模)Buttofact,heiscapableofflyingbyusinghisearsaswings.__________________________________
________________________________答案:to→ininfact是固定短语,表示“事实上”。3.(2019·山东菏泽高三下学期一模)Forofoversixdecades,SAShasprovid
edstudentsfrompreschooltoGrade12agoodAmericaneducationwithaninternationalview.___________________________________
_______________________________答案:去掉offoroversixdecades表示“在过去的60多年中”。4.(2019·辽宁沈阳郊联体高三一模)Italsoadviseshowdoctorsandeducatorswil
limproveourhealthfromthefuture.__________________________________________________________________答案:from→ininthefuture“在将来”,固定短语。5.(
2019·河北唐山高三一模)Dumboisalwayslaughedwithforhisbigears,andheisrejectedbytheotherelephants.____________________________________________
______________________答案:with→atlaughat...“嘲笑”;laughwith...“与……一起笑”,故结合句意,把with改为at。6.(2019·贵州黔东南州高三下学期一模)ThemonthofFebrua
rybroughtmovieloversBlackPanther,thesuperheromovieofMarvelComics.__________________________________________________________________答案:第二个of
→frommoviefrom意为“来自……的电影”,与句意相符。7.(2019·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)Noneofuswerefamiliartoplanting,andnordidweknowhowt
ousegardeningtools.__________________________________________________________________答案:第一个to→withbefamiliarwith...意为“熟悉……”,为固定用法
。8.(2019·郑州一中高三摸底考试)Sherushedtotheshadowandshoutedloudlyuntilitdisappeared.Thenwerantohomesafely.__________________
________________________________________________答案:去掉home前的tohome在此处是副词,故其前不用介词,直接在句中作状语,故去掉to。9.(2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测
)“Happybirthday,mydearnephew!”waswrittenonhand.__________________________________________________________________答案:on→by“生日快乐,我亲爱的侄子!”
这些字是手写的。onhand“在手头,在近旁”,byhand“手工”,故把on改为by。10.(2019·宁夏银川一中高三一模)Visitourpagetofindsomeofthebestfreewalkingtours
throughNewYorkCity.__________________________________________________________________答案:through→acros
sacross主要表示在物体表面上横穿,如过马路、过桥、过河;而through主要表示从物体内部穿过,如穿过森林、隧道。11.(2019·山西阳泉高三一模)FoodhasalwaysbeenabigpartinSigne'slife.__________
________________________________________________________答案:in→ofapartof是固定短语,表示“……的一部分”。12.(2019·福建厦门一中高三上期末模拟)Checkyourbilltose
eifaservicechargehasbeenmade.Ifnotandyou'resatisfiedtotheservice,add10%-15%._____________________________
_____________________________________答案:第二个to→withsatisfiedwith是固定短语,表示“对……感到满意”。13.(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)Westoppedbyalakeforarest,
whereagoodmanyofpeoplewereplayinghappily.__________________________________________________________________答案:去掉of句意:我们在湖边停下来休息
,许多人都在那里玩得很开心。agoodmany“许多,大量”,为固定短语,直接修饰名词people,表示“许多人”。14.(2019·宁夏银川一中高三一模)Thefamilyhiredanursingaidwhocanceledbythelastminute.______________
____________________________________________________答案:by→atatthelastminute意为“在最后一分钟”。15.(2019·郑州一中高三摸底测试)Onthatv
erymoment,Lilycame.__________________________________________________________________答案:On→Aton表示在某个具体的日期,而at表示具体的时间点,故用介词At。Ⅲ.单句
写作:根据句意和括号内内容的提示,在空线处填上适当的答案。1.(2019·天津部分区高三一模)Allthemuseumsareopentothestudents______________.(免费)答案:forfree2.(2019·新疆乌鲁木齐高三第二次质量检测)Hu
mans,ingeneral,aremore____________peoplethataresimilartothem.(喜欢)答案:fondof3.(2019·宁夏银川高三第三次月考)Half-priceseats____________________peoplewithdisabil
ities.(对……可用的,可获得的)答案:areavailablefor4.(2019·上海市浦东新区高三期末质量检测)Aprejudicehadsomething____________withanideal.(与……有共同之处)答案:incommo
n5.(2019·广州市高三年级调研)ItoldhimI____________________thedamagetomycar.(担心;关心)答案:wasconcernedabout6.(2019·甘肃天水一中高三下三模)Beforeleavingthe
arrivalarea,please______________theLostandFoundcentertofileareport.(向……求助)答案:turnto7.(2019·福建厦门高三期末)However,the
situationwhenfossilfuelswerethemostefficientandthecheapestsourceofenergyhasbeenleftfar________________.(在过去)答案:inthepast8.(2019·南通市高三三月检测)Ta
kingexercise,______________listeningtomusicisagoodwaytocountertheeffectsofstress.(连同……一起)答案:alongwith9.(2019·天津市河东区高三一模)Theeconom
yinbigcitieshascontinuedtorise____________theeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincreaseit.(幸亏;归因于)答案:thanksto
10.(2019·辽宁沈阳郊联体高三一模)And______________hercabbage,275peoplewerefed.(因为)答案:becauseof(二)介词短语Ⅰ.单句语法填空:根据句意,在空线处填上适当的介词。1.(2019·辽宁沈阳育才中学高三五模)Thereareals
osomeplantsthateatinsectsandevensmallanimalsfromtime________time.答案:tofromtimetotime是固定短语,表示“不时地;偶尔”。2.(2019·重庆市高三上学期联合考试)Mostinter
estingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographoutofyourhandssoitcancapturemoments________itsown.答案:ononone'sown是固定短语,表示“独自地”。3.(201
9·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)Whileit'struethatlightcandamageoureyes________certaincircumstances,thereisnoscienti
ficevidencesuggestingthatbluelightisharmfultooureyes.答案:under/inunder/incertaincircumstances是固定短语,表示“在某些情况下”。4.(2019·昆明市高三摸底调研测试)Ma
nyanimalsmaymovearoundlessortraveltofarplacestokeepaway________people.答案:fromkeepawayfrom...“远离……”,为固定搭配。5.(2
019·吉林名校高三联合一模)It'sthestoryofagreenmonsterwhowantstoruinChristmasbutwho________theenddiscoversthepowerofloveandgenerosity.答
案:inintheend是固定短语,表示“最后”。6.(2019·河北石家庄高三一模)ThefirsteverFujiRockFestivalwasheld________thebottomofMountFujibackin1997.答
案:atatthebottomof是固定搭配,表示“在……底部”。此处指在山脚下。7.(2019·广州市高三年级调研)Schoolsshouldalsoprovideaccess________librariesduringlessonsthroughoutthey
earsofschooling.答案:toaccessto是固定短语,表示“有权使用”。8.(2019·四川省棠湖中学高三二诊)Forexample,________thebeginningofafamilyreunion,theadultswerealltalkinghappily
.答案:atatthebeginningof是固定短语,表示“起初;在刚开始的时候”。9.(2019·湖北名校冲刺必刷高三二模)Volunteeringtohelppeopleinneedcombined________travellingtofarawa
yplacesisanewtrendinthetravelindustry.答案:withcombinewith是固定搭配,表示“与……结合”。10.(2019·河北衡水高三模拟)Whilewemaynotbeaware_
_______anyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.答案:of
beawareof是固定短语,表示“意识到”。11.(2019·甘肃省静宁一中高三一模)Withahistoryofabout2,700years,somepartsoftheGreatWallarenow________ruinsorhave
disappeared.答案:in由句意可知,此处为固定短语inruins“破败不堪”,故用介词in。12.(2019·云南省玉溪一中高三二调)Thewordswerefull________encouragementandpositiveenergy.答案:ofbefullof“充
满”,为固定搭配,故填of。13.(2019·广东省高三“六校联盟”第一次联考)Inthisfast-changingandcompetitiveworld,manypeopleare________heavypressure.答案:under句意:
在这个快速变化和竞争激烈的世界里,许多人承受着巨大的压力。underpressure“在压力之下”,故答案为under。14.(2019·河北衡水中学高三二调考试)AccordingtoMiao,thecountrywi
llalsopublishpolicies________promotingthedevelopmentofdigitaleconomy.答案:on国家还将公布关于促进数字经济发展的政策。此处用介词on,意思是“关于”
。15.(2019·浙江省稽阳联谊学校高三10月联考)Calligraphy,________amirror,isasilentreflectionofthesoul.答案:like句意:书法,像一面镜子,是心灵无声的写照。like“像
……一样”,故填like。Ⅱ.单句改错:下面每句各有一处错误,请把答案写在句子后面的横线上。1.(2019·福建厦门高三一模)Nobodyknowsexactlywhy,aparticularsonggetscaughtonaperson'sbrain.__________
________________________________________________________答案:on→ingetcaughtin为固定短语,意为“遇到;陷入”。2.(2019·天津滨海新区高三期中考试)Thevolunteersaimtohelpvictimsofdi
sastersregardlesstheirraceornationality.__________________________________________________________________答案:regardless后加ofregard
lessof意为“不管;不顾;不论”。3.(2019·江南十校模拟)DuringtheNationalDayholiday,Ipaidavisitmygrandmainthecountryside.________________________________________
__________________________答案:visit后加topayavisitto为固定短语,意为“拜访;参观,访问”。4.(2019·厦门一中模拟)IbelieveIwillhaveawonderfultimeinthissummer
.__________________________________________________________________答案:去掉in当时间名词前有this,that,last,next等词修饰时,一般不再用介词。5.(2019·淮南二
中模拟)Nowadays,peopleinmanybigcitiesarecomplainingtheheavytraffic.__________________________________________________________________答案:complaining后加a
boutcomplainabout为固定短语,意为“抱怨”。6.(2019·山东临沂一模)Ifyoufindapositionatthere,I'msureyou'llhavearapidimprovementinbothyourcharacterand
ability.__________________________________________________________________答案:去掉at句意:如果你在那里找到一个职位,我确信你在品质和能力上都会迅速地提升。there为副词,副
词前不加介词,可单独作状语,故去掉at。7.(2019·贵阳检测)Butthebutcherrefusedandevenarguedthatitwouldn'tdoharmforherhealth.____
______________________________________________________________答案:for→todoharmto为固定搭配,意为“对……有危害”,故将for改为to。8.(2019·宁夏吴忠中学高三下一模)Theb
ookimaginestheghoststhathaunt(萦绕)thebasementofwillieLincoln,AbrahamLincoln'sson,whodiedin11inreallife.__________________________
________________________________________答案:第一个in→at此处为“at+基数词”表年龄。9.(2019·清华大学附属中学高三一模)EventhedoctoragreesI'mongoodc
ondition.I'mabitdeafandmylegsfeelweak,buttheyaretheonlyissue._______________________________________________________________
___答案:on→iningoodcondition为固定短语,意为“(身体)状态好,情况良好”。10.(2019·闽粤赣三省十校联考模拟)Thisbustlingcityfilleduniquebuildings
isacityforloversofhistory.__________________________________________________________________答案:filled后加withbefille
dwith为固定短语,意为“充满……的”。11.(2019·东北三校高三联合一模)You'vetoomuchcatchinguptodotowasteaminuteofawakinghourfeelingsorryinyourself._____________
_____________________________________________________答案:in→forfeelsorryfor为固定短语,意为“为……感到可惜”。12.(2019·福建省高三毕业班质量检查测试)Formanypeople,bicyclingi
snotjustaneasywaytogettingaroundtownbutalsoanexcitingsport.__________________________________________________________________答案:to→ofawayofdoi
ngsth.意为“一种做事的方式”,故将to改为of。13.(2019·清华大学附属中学高三下一模)Iwasn'tnervous—Idon'tgetfrightenedinanything._______________________________________________
___________________答案:in→ofbe/getfrightenedof为固定短语,意为“害怕……”。14.(2019·吉林名校高三联合一模)Christmasisatimeforeatinggreatfood,givingan
dreceivingpresents,andmostimportantlyspendingtimebyyourfamilywatchingsomeclassicChristmasmovies.____________________
______________________________________________答案:by→withspendtimewithsb.意为“和某人(一起)度过时光”。15.(2019·兰州一中高三月
考)Forhisopinion,actorsshouldgoonevenwhentheyfeeltheyhavemadeamistakeintheirperformances._________________________________________
_________________________答案:For→Ininone'sopinion“在某人看来”,固定词组。Ⅲ.选词填空:从表格中选出符合句意的词组,并用其适当形式填空。错误!1.(2019·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学高三期末)W
iththepricesrisingconsiderably________gasandwater,wecannotaffordtosendoursontostudyabroad.答案:inrespectof句
意:随着汽油和水价格的大幅上涨,我们负担不起送儿子出国学习的费用。inrespectof是固定短语,意为“关于”。2.(2019·天津市和平区高三下学期第三次模拟考试)Thesteamboatwasfullyfurnishedwithlifepreservers.Th
epassengersmightbesaved________accidents.答案:incaseof句意:这艘汽船配备了全套的救生设备。万一发生事故,乘客可能会得救。incaseof“万一”,符合语境。3.(201
9·江苏南通一模)________theeffortsinenvironmentalprotection,thewetlandhasbeenrestoredtoitsoriginalappearance.答案:Thanksto句意:由于在环境保护方面所做的努力,湿地恢复了原来的
面貌。thanksto是固定短语,意为“由于”。4.(2019·贵州遵义高三五模)TheCzar(沙皇)sentFrederickWilliamatroopofhisbestsoldiers________.答案:inreturn句意:作为回报,沙皇派遣了一支由他最好的士兵组成的部队给腓
特烈·威廉。inreturn“作为回报”。5.(2019·江苏省南京市六校联合体高三12月联考)Theexcitedscholarsdecidedtohaveabarbecue________thefantasticmoment.答案:inhonorof句意:兴奋的学者们决定举行一次烧烤来纪念
这一美妙的时刻。inhonorof“为了庆祝;纪念”。6.(2019·湖南六校联考)InmanyplaceslikeBritainandItaly,ifyouleavethehousewithoutyourwallet,y
ou'llbe________allday.答案:inadifficultsituation句意:在很多像英国和意大利这样的地方,如果你没带钱包就出门,你整天都会处于困境之中。ina(n)...situation意为“处于某种处境”,为固定搭配。7.(2019·湖南岳阳一中月考
)Meanwhile,thosewhoaresuccessfulandfamoushavetodealwithconstantmediaattention.Theyarealso________toappea
ryoungandbeautiful.答案:underhugepressure句意:同时,那些成功人士和名人不得不应对媒体的持续关注。为了使自己显得年轻漂亮,他们也承受着巨大的压力。underpressure是固定短语,意为“处于压力中”,
其间可用不同的形容词修饰pressure。8.(2019·天水模拟)Nowadays,________technology,onlineshoppingisbecomingmoreandmoreconvenient.答案:withthedevelopmentofwiththedevelopm
entof为固定搭配,意为“随着……的发展”,故填withthedevelopmentof。9.(2019·宁夏大学附属中学高三一模)Youwillfindawaytogounderoraroundyourbigobstacle________reachyourdesires.答案:inorde
rto句意:为了达到你的期望,你会找到方法去克服或绕过巨大障碍。inorderto“为了”。10.(2019·河南郑州一中六次测试)Mostcavesareformed________undertheground,butsomehaveentrancespeoplecanfin
d.答案:bynature句意:大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的,但有些洞窟的入口人们可以发现。bynature为固定搭配,意为“天然地”。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com