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专题02阅读理解记叙文记叙文阅读理解一般作为全国卷阅读理解题的B篇，可分为传记类和故事类，主要考查作者通过写人、叙事所表达出来的某种观点，认识或情感。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文件的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时

要注意故事中的时间，地点，人物和发生的事件些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。Forthepast11years,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenareliableandcheerypresence

inhisneighborhood.Since2010,Merritthasbeentryingtoachievethemissiontocyclethecircumference(周长)oftheEarth—24,901miles—withouteverleavinghisow

nneighborhood.Asaresult,Merrittgottoknowmanyofhisneighbors.UpuntilOctober24,(2021),heneverrealizedthathisdailybicycletripswereasimportanttothemasthe

yweretohim.At3p.m.,nearly200peoplegatherednearhishometosurpriseandcongratulateMerrittontheendingofhis“round-the-world”

adventure,andalargetrophy(奖杯)wasplacedinhisarms.“It’sjustunbelievable.Icouldn’thaveimaginedanythinglikethis,”hesaid.11yea

rsago,whenhissonKevinbroughtabike,Alstartedcyclingaround.Atfirst,hisrideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10to12miles,andgradu

allythelengthofhisoutingsgrew.Astimewentby,hebegantothinkbig-thecircumferenceoftheEarth.Bytheendof2020,hehadcovered21,565milesintot

alandknewhecouldcompletehisgoalbytheendof2021.TherewasnocelebrationofthegoalplanneduntilNatalieLondonandTay

lorPlecitycamealong.TheywerevisitingLondon’smomwhenMerrittflewbyonhisbike.Attractedbyhisstory,theywalkedovertointroducethemsel

ves.WhentheydiscoveredMerrittwasjustweeksawayfromcompletinghisgoal,theyaskediftheycouldfilmashortdocumentary.“Wewantedtotellthesto

ryofthisguy.WhatMerrittrepresentsishowanindividual’ssmallactscanchangeanentirecommunity,”saidLondon.Tocelebratethecompl

etionofMerritt’scy-clinggoal,theysecretlyprintedupflyersandplacedthemondoorstepsforseveralblocks.Buteventheyweresurprisedatthehugecrowdthatgathere

d.AlthoughMerritthasnowachievedhisgoal,hehasnoplanstochangetheroutinethathasbe-comethehighlightofhisdailylife.1．What

canweknowaboutAlMerritt?A．Hebicycleswithlotsofneighbors.B．Hebeganhistaskduringhisseventies.C．Hewasawardedatrophybyhisclub.D．Hevisitedvariousplacesa

roundtheworld.2．HowdidMerrittgettheideaof“round-the-world”adventure?A．Hewaspersuadedbyneighbors.B．Hissonmadeapracticalsuggestion.C．Hisphysical

capabilityimprovedgradually.D．Hewatchedaninspiringdocumentary.3．What’sthepurposeoffilmingthisshortdocumentary?A．Toshareunforgettableexperience

s.B．Topromoteahealthyoutdoorsport.C．Tostimulatepositivelifeattitudes.D．Toshowaharmoniouscommunity.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．

Aseniorbikeracer.B．Anunexpectedharvest.C．Asuccessfulbigadventure.D．Aneighborhoodinspiration.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了83岁的阿尔·梅里特在他的社区里一

直是一个可靠而愉快的存在。在不离开自己的社区的情况下，他完成了“环球”骑行——24901英里。这一壮举鼓舞了社区所有的人。1．B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Forthepast11years,83-year-oldAlMerritthasbeenareliableandcheerypre

senceinhisneighborhood.(在过去的11年里，83岁的阿尔·梅里特(AlMerritt)在他的社区里一直是一个可靠而愉快的存在。)”可知，83岁的阿尔·梅里特在11年前，也就是他70多岁时就开始进行这项任务。。故选B。2．C【解析】细节

理解题。根据文章第四段“Atfirst,hisrideswereaboutfivemileslong,then10to12miles,andgraduallythelengthofhisoutingsgrew.Astimewen

tby,hebegantothinkbig—thecircumferenceoftheEarth.(一开始，他骑的车大约5英里长，然后是10到12英里，慢慢地，他骑的车越来越长。随着时间的流逝，他开始考虑更大的目标——地球的周长。)”可知，是

他的体能逐渐提高，使他产生“环球”冒险的想法的。故选C。3．C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Wewantedtotellthestoryofthisguy.WhatMerrittreprese

ntsishowanindividual’ssmallactscanchangeanentirecommunity(我们想讲述这个人的故事。梅里特所代表的是一个人的小行为如何改变整个社会)”可推知，拍摄这部纪录片短片的目的是激发积极的

生活态度。故选C。4．D【解析】主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了83岁的阿尔·梅里特在他的社区里一直是一个可靠而愉快的存在。在不离开自己的社区的情况下，他完成了“环球”骑行——24901英里。这一壮举鼓舞了社区所有的人。由此推知，D选项“一个社区

的鼓舞人心的人物”能概括全文内容。故选D。记叙文阅读理解解题技巧：一、事实的细节题对于事实细节题，剖析一下不难看出，事实细节的内容不会单独出现，它总会与前后的段落内容相呼应，考生只要抓住整体大侧，看懂主题，利用内容间的因果关系，通过

时间空间的关系转接，并对细节进行深入的剖析理解，确定主题，将零碎的细节组成一个有机整体，就被深刻理解材料的内容，从而轻松解决问题。二、词句理解题词句理解题主要讲究的是理解题意，通过短文的词、短语或句子的理解来充分理解题意，碰到不熟悉的词语要避

过，先略读再通读、仔细推敲，尤其是对语境的理解要准确。三、推理断题题推理判断题最主要的就是注重文章结构的物关系，抓住关键词，结合有关的生活和杜会常识，理清文章的结构层次，文章内容和文章的中心思想，推断作者

的写作意图。四、归纳概括题适合这类题型的阅读理解通常具体反映在文章的题目或一段短文的小标题上很多文章从一开头就直球说出观点，表达中心思想，所以对于这类题型，一定要注意主题句和主题段，段与段之间的关系，注意隐藏的中心思想，准确了解文章结构

，把握句与句之间的关系，注重逻辑关系，把握住文章的脉络。一、IhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIgotmyPhD;thenincentralIllinoisandnowinIndiana,whe

reIamaprofessor.Inaplacewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,Ifeellikeastranger.TherearefewthingsIenjoymorethancomplainin

gaboutmygeographicisolation.I’mavegetarian,sothere’snowheretogoforanicedinnerthatisn’t50milesaway.I’mblack,sot

here’snowheretogetmyhairdonethatdoesn’tinvolveanother50-miledrive.Andtheclosestmajorairportistwohoursaway.Irecitethe

segripestomyfriends.Weallhavegrandideasaboutwhatlifewouldbelikeifonlywedidthat,orlivedthere.Andthere’sth

is;Ireallydon’tintendtochangemostofthethingsIcomplainabout.Gripingisseductiveonthosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoomuchenergy.

ButitalsomakesmelosesightofthefactthatIwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplai

nsstates.WhenIgotothecoasts,Iamstruckbyhowunappealingbig-citylivingcanbe.WhileImaynotlovewhereIlive,t

hereareplentyofpeoplewhoareproudtocallthisplacehome.Atapartywithcolleagues,IwasgoingonabouteverythingIcouldn’tstandinourt

ownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilentandshiftinguncomfortably.Thatmomentforcedachangeinme.Complainingmayofferrelief,

butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciati

on.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabout.1．Whatcausestheaut

hor’sloneliness?A．Dietaryhabits.B．Racialprejudice.C．Educationaldifferences.D．Identityconfusion.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seductive”m

eaninparagraph3?A．Attractive.B．Temporary.C．Violent.D．Flexible.3．Howmighttheauthorfeelabouthimselfwhentheatmospherechang

edataparty?A．Humbled.B．Angry.C．Touched.D．Calm.4．Whatdoestheauthorrealizeintheend?A．Everydayisbeautiful.B．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.C

．Humanmustvaluelivesthemselves.D．Don’tbepennywiseandpoundfoolish.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了作者来到陌生的地方工作，遇到了各种不适应，开始抱怨，结果最终认识到没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，自己可能会错

过感激的珍贵时刻。1．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“IhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIgotmyPhD;thenincentralIllinois

andnowinIndiana,whereIamaprofessor.Inaplacewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,Ifeellikeastranger.TherearefewthingsIenjoym

orethancomplainingaboutmygeographicisolation.I’mavegetarian,sothere’snowheretogoforanicedinnerthatisn’t50milesaway.I’mblack,sothere’sn

owheretogetmyhairdonethatdoesn’tinvolveanother50-miledrive.(我在美国农村生活了9年，先是在密歇根州，我在那里拿到了博士学位；然后在伊利诺伊州中部，现在在印第安纳州，我是那里的教授。

在一个大多数人一生都在生活的地方，我觉得自己像个陌生人。没有什么比抱怨地理上的孤立更让我享受的了。我是个素食主义者，所以不到50英里的地方就找不到好吃的了。我是黑人，所以要做头发就得再开50英里的车)”可知，作者在美国的几个地方生活过，且是黑人。由此可知，身份混乱导致了作者的孤独

。故选D。2．A【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“onthosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoomuchenergy”可知，在那些快乐需要太多精力的日子里，抱怨是有吸引力的，因为不需要太多精力。故画线词意思是“有吸引力的”。故选A。3．D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段

中“Atapartywithcolleagues,IwasgoingonabouteverythingIcouldn’tstandinourtownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilentandshiftinguncomfortably.That

momentforcedachangeinme.Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingouton

preciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.Iknow

thatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabout.(在一次与同事的聚会上，我正滔滔不绝地谈论着镇上所有我无法忍受的事情，这时我注意到他们都沉默不语，不安地移动着身子。那一刻迫使我改变了。抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受

也一样。没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家，我站在阳台上，仰望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的)”可知，当聚会的气氛发生变化时，作者冷静了，开始思考自己的行为会带来的不良后果。故选D。4．D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一

段“Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmome

ntsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabou

t.(抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家，我站在阳台上，仰望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的)”推知，作者最后意识到不要因小失大。故选D。二、Severa

lyearsago,acousinIhadlosttouchwithsinceIwasateenagerdroppedbymyhouse.Atthelivingroomentrance,hestoppedindeadsilence,hiseyesf

ixedonthebookshelvescoveringtheentirebackwall.“Haveyoureadthemall?”heaskedme,almostfrightened.“Yes,”Isaid,“justabout.”Heshookhisheadinsilen

ce,asifthiswasafeat(技艺)thathaddemandedsomeeffort.Asforhim,hehadhadtoleaveschoolatfourteen,workingwhereverhecould.Hisfamilydidnothavebooks.Ionlyever

recalledseeingthecomicbookTarzanlyingaroundonthetable.Ioftenrecallthisscenewithmycousinwithunease.Ithidesanotherviolentone.Iwasbetweenfifteenandeigh

teenyearsold.Imusthaveblamedmyfatherfor“notbeinginterestedinanything”,forreadingonlyParis-Normandie,thelocal

newspaper.Usuallysocalmandtolerantregardingtherudenessofhisonlydaughter,herepliedseriously,“Booksaregoodforyou.Butasforme,Idon’tneedth

emtolive.”Thesewordsstretchacrosstime,fixedinsideme,likeapainandanunbearablereality.Iunderstoodverywellwhatmyfathermeant.ReadingAlexa

nderDumas,Flaubert,Camuswouldnothaveservedanypracticalpurposeinhisworkasacafeowner.Ontheotherhand,in

thefuturehehopedforme,hevaguelyknewthatbooksheldweight,andthattheyformedpartofadefiningpackage—“culturalbaggage”—thatincludedthetheatre,theope

raandwintersports—asuperiorsocialworld.Iunderstoodallthatanditwasunacceptable.Irefusedtothinkthattheworldofbookswouldstayforeverclosedt

othehumanbeingwhowasdearesttome.AsIthinkaboutreasonsforreading,myfather’swordscomebacktomeinsistently,likeapersonalandunsolvableco

ntradiction.No,toreadisnottolivebutIhavealwayslivedwithbooks.5．WhatdoesParagraph1tellusaboutthewriter?

A．Herhavingreadmanybooksamazedhercousin.B．Hercousinquitschoolearlyandhadnobooksatall.C．Shecompletelyfinishedreadingthebooksontheshelv

es.D．Hercousinwasfrightenedtodeathuponseeingthebooks.6．Whatdoes“one”refertoinParagraph2?A．Anidea.B．Anemotion.C．Ascene.D．Arelative.7．W

hatcan’tthewriteraccept?A．Thebittermemoryofaviolentchildhood.B．Thestricttoneinwhichherfatherspoke.C．Thefearoffallingshortofherfather’sexpectation

s.D．Herfather’signoranceoftheimportanceofreading.8．Whatisthepassagegoingtotalkaboutnext?A．Whythewriterenjoysreadingbooks.B．Whatseparatesthewrite

rfromothers.C．Whatthewriter’sfatherreallymeant.D．Howotherconflictserupted.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜爱阅读并且读了很多书，在文章中作者回忆了几年前她的堂/表

兄弟知道她差不多读完整面墙的书后非常吃惊的场景，以及作者与父亲在阅读这一问题上的分歧。5．A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Severalyearsago,acousinIhadlosttouchwithsinceIwasateenagerdropped

bymyhouse.Atthelivingroomentrance,hestoppedindeadsilence,hiseyesfixedonthebookshelvescoveringtheentirebackwall.‘

Haveyoureadthemall?’heaskedme,almostfrightened.‘Yes,’Isaid,‘justabout’.Heshookhisheadinsilence,asifthiswasafeat(技艺)thathaddemandedsomee

ffort.Asforhim,hehadhadtoleaveschoolatfourteen,workingwhereverhecould.Hisfamilydidnothavebooks.Ionlyeverreca

lledseeingthecomicbookTarzanlyingaroundonthetable.(几年前，一位从我十几岁起就失去联系的堂/表兄弟来我家拜访。在客厅门口，他沉默地停了下来，眼睛盯着覆盖整个后墙上的书架。‘你都读过了吗？’他问我，几乎吓坏了。‘是的，’我说

，‘差不多。’他默默地摇了摇头，仿佛这是一项需要付出一些努力的壮举。至于他，他不得不在十四岁时离开学校，在任何他能工作的地方工作。他家没有书。我只记得在桌子上看到过漫画书Tarzan。)”可知，第一段主要阐述的是作者的堂/表兄弟在知道作者差不多读完了整墙的书后感到非常吃惊，故选A。6．C【解

析】词义猜测题。one作代词时，表示泛指，既可指人，可指物，常用来代替上文出现过的单数名词，以避免重复。根据第二段中“one”所在句的上一句“Ioftenrecallthisscenewithmycousinwithunease

.(我经常不安地回忆起和表哥的这一场景。)”以及下文“Iwasbetweenfifteenandeighteenyearsold.Imusthaveblamedmyfatherfor‘notbeinginter

estedinanything’,forreadingonlyParis-Normandie,thelocalnewspaper.Usuallysocalmandtolerantregardingtherudenessofhisonlydaughter,herepliedseriou

sly,‘Booksaregoodforyou.Butasforme,Idon’tneedthemtolive.’(我当时在十五到十八岁之间。我一定责怪父亲‘对什么都不感兴趣’，只看当地的Paris-Nor

mandie报纸。对于他唯一的女儿的无礼，他通常是那么冷静和宽容，他严肃地回答说：‘书对你有好处。但对我来说，我不需要他们活着。’)”可知“Ithidesanotherviolentone.”中“anotherviolentone”指的是作者和父亲就读书产生意见分歧的场景，这个“on

e”指“一个场景（ascene）”；故选C。7．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Usuallysocalmandtolerantregardingtherudenessofhisonlyda

ughter,herepliedseriously,‘Booksaregoodforyou.Butasforme,Idon’tneedthemtolive.’(对于他唯一的女儿的无礼，他通常是那么冷静和宽容，

他严肃地回答说：‘书对你有好处。但对我来说，我不需要他们活着。’)”以及第三段“Thesewordsstretchacrosstime,fixedinsideme,likeapainandanunbearablereality.Iunderstoodverywellwhatmyfather

meant.ReadingAlexanderDumas,Flaubert,Camuswouldnothaveservedanypracticalpurposeinhisworkasacafeowner

.Ontheotherhand,inthefuturehehopedforme,hevaguelyknewthatbooksheldweight,andthattheyformedpartofadefiningpackage—‘culturalbaggage’—th

atincludedthetheatre,theoperaandwintersports—asuperiorsocialworld.Iunderstoodallthatanditwasunacceptable.Irefusedtothinkthatthe

worldofbookswouldstayforeverclosedtothehumanbeingwhowasdearesttome.(这些话跨越时间，固定在我心里，就像一种痛苦和无法忍受的现实。我非常理解

父亲的意思。读大仲马、福楼拜、加缪的书对他开咖啡馆的工作没有任何实际意义。另一方面，在他对我的未来所寄予的期望中，他隐约知道书籍是有分量的，它们构成了一个决定性的包裹——‘文化包袱’——包括剧院、歌剧和冬季运动——一个优越的社会世界。我明白这一切，这是不可接受的。

我不认为书的世界会永远对我最亲爱的人关闭。)”可知，作者不能接受父亲不知道阅读的重要性，不去阅读。故选D。8．A【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一段“AsIthinkaboutreasonsforreading,my

father’swordscomebacktomeinsistently,likeapersonalandunsolvablecontradiction.No,toreadisnottolivebutIhavealwayslivedwithbooks.(当我思考阅读的理由时，父亲的话不断地浮现在

我的脑海中，就像一个无法解决的个人矛盾。不，读书不是为了活着，但我一直与书生活在一起。)”可推断，作者接下来会讲述自己的阅读经历以及喜爱阅读的理由。故选A。一、（2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考三模）Dozensofseatu

rtlesswimpastasIdive.Suddenlyadivercutsmeoff.Thenanother.“Hey!”Ithink.“Watchwhereyou’regoing!”ThenIrealize:Thesear

en’tdivers.Theyaresealions!Thecreaturesblowbubblesatmeandthegroupof11kidsI’monvocationswith,hittingus

slightlyonourbacks.Tonotbotherthemmuch,wetearourselvesawayfromthewonderland.WetakethistriptotheGalapagosIslands,agroupoftropical

islandscrossingtheequator.OurhotelisaboatcalledtheEclipsethathasapool.Humansaren’tallowedtoliveonmostoftheislands.Theonlywaypeoplecanexperience

themagicofthisplaceandmeetanimalsonalltheislandsisby“panga”.“OursmallmotorboatismoreimportantthantheEclipse.It’sverysafe,”saysalo

calguide,Fielsch.Lackofhumanthreatmakestheanimalsfriendly.“Theydon’tknowenoughtobescaredofhumans.”Ourgroupexperienc

ethatfirsthand.Whenwereturnafterourdivingadventure,wefindsealionslyingnexttoourbackpacks!Walkingalongthesand,weseemor

ewildlife:seals,redcrabs,orcas.Thefollowingmorning,wereachFernandinaIsland,knownforitsvolcano.Flightlessbirdscalledcormorantsbuildnestsonthero

cks.NearbyareGalapagospenguins.Averagingabout19inchesinheight,they’rethesecondsmallestspeciesofpenguinintheworld.“TheGalap

agosaresocurious,”says12-year-oldHarry.“You’vegotpenguinslivingfarfromthefrozenSouthPole,andbirdsthatdon’tfly!”Aswerideback,sixpengu

insstandlikesoldiers,seemingtosaygoodbye.It’sourlastday;noneofuswantstoleavethisplace.Weknowthistriphasbeenamilestonefo

rus.Amarkedshiftinourattitudestowardsthenaturalworldisunderway.“TheGalapagosIslandsseemtobreaktheworld’srules,”saysHarry.

“Morethanever,I’minterestedinsavingtheenvironment.Theseanimalstrulyneedourcare,”hissisterHannahadds.1．Howdoestheauthorfindthedivingexpe

rience?A．Attractive.B．Disturbing.C．Dangerous.D．Valuable.2．What’sthefunctionof“panga”?A．Toprotectpeoplefromda

nger.B．Toprovideashelterforlocalpeople.C．Toguidepeopleinseeingtheanimals.D．Totransportpeopletoeachoftheislands.3．What’sspecialaboutGal

apagospenguins?A．Theyarenotabletofly.B．Theyremainhiddenfromview.C．Theyliveinatropicalclimate.D．They’rethesmallestoftheirkind.4．

Whyisthetripconsideredamilestonefortheauthor’sgroup?A．Itexpandstheirknowledgeoftheworld.B．Itchangesthewayth

eythinkaboutnature.C．Itinspiresthemtoprotecttheenvironment.D．Itenablesthemtointeractwithvariouswildlife.【语篇解读

】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了到加帕拉格斯岛旅行的经历，这次旅行对作者的团队来说是一个里程碑，它改变了他们对自然的看法。1．A【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段最后一句话“Tonotbotherthemmuch,w

etearourselvesawayfromthewonderland.(为了不打扰它们，我们离开了仙境)”可知，作者认为这次潜水的地方简直是个仙境。由此可推知，这次潜水的经历是很有吸引力的。故选A。

2．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第四、五句话“Theonlywaypeoplecanexperiencethemagicofthisplaceandmeetanimalsonalltheislandsisby“panga”.“Oursmallmotor

boatismoreimportantthantheEclipse.(只有通过“panga”，人们才能体验这个地方的魔力，并在所有岛屿上见到动物。“我们的小型摩托艇比Eclipse更重要。它非常安全，”当地导游费尔施说)”可推知，“pa

nga”的功能是将人们送到每个岛上。故选D。3．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“You’vegotpenguinslivingfarfromthefrozenSouthPole,andbirdsthatdon’tfly!(有企鹅住在远离冰冻南极的地方

，还有不会飞的鸟！)”可知，有些企鹅住在远离南极的地方。由此可推知，加拉帕戈斯企鹅生活在热带气候中。故选C。4．B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第四、五句话“Weknowthistriphasbeenamilestone

forus.Amarkedshiftinourattitudestowardsthenaturalworldisunderway.(我们知道这次旅行对我们来说是一个里程碑。我们对自然世界的态度正在发生显著转变)”可知，这次旅行对作者的团队来说是一个里程碑，它改变了他们对大自然的认识

。故选B。二、（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Getupat6am,arriveatthehospitalonehourearliertohelppatientscheckin,andaccompanypatient

sduringconsultations…Inrecentyears,“patientescorts”hasemergedasanewindustry,andthosewhohavetakenonthiscareerareknownas“peoplewh

oselltime”.26-year-oldZhangTianisoneofthem.September4wasaluckydayforZhangTian.Onthisday,ZhangTiansawavideoaboutpatiente

scortsonashortvideoplatform.Thedailyroutineofpatientescortsshowninthevideofascinatedherandgraduallyinspiredhertotakethisonasabusiness.Shebrowsedthr

oughmanyplatformsandreadmultipleinformationandfoundthereindeedexistsacertaindemandforpatientescorts,especiallyfortheelderly,children,andp

regnantwomen.Sinceshehadneverengagedinthiskindofworkbefore,shespenttwodaysinmajorhospitalsinWuhan,inordertofamiliarizeherselfwithallthedep

artmentsondifferentfloors,aswellastheprocessesofmedicalconsultationandpreparationforsurgery.Afterpreliminarypreparatory(预备的)work,Zhang

Tianpostedavideoofmyself-introductiononmajorsocialplatforms,talkingaboutthehelpandservicesapatientescortprovides,aswellassometipsforaquickandconve

nientmedicalconsultation.Atfirst,shewasalittleworriedthathervideowouldgounnoticed.However,aftersheuploadedthevideo,itgotover100

likesandshereceivedherfirsteverofferasapatientescort.Thememoryofherfirsttaskisstillaliveandfreshinhermin

d.ShereceivedaphonecallonSeptember9fromamanwhosefatherwasseriouslyillandmightneedsurgery.HewantedZhangTiantoaccompanyhisfatherthroughhi

sconsultationandtreatment.”ZhangTianmadefullpreparationsbeforemeetingherfirstclientanddidaverygoodjobdespitehernervousness.“Later,thefamilyexpressedt

heirgratitudetomeoverandoveragain,whichwarmedmyheartandgavemeasenseofachievement.”ZhangTiansaid.5．Whatdopa

tientescortsdo?A．Theyassistdoctorsinhospitals.B．Theyarriveathospitalsearlytocheckin.C．Theytakeonthiscareertoselltheirtime.D．Theyhelppatients

gettreatedinhospitals.6．September4wasaluckydayforZhangTianbecause______.A．sheenjoyedseeinganinterestingvideoB．shegotinspira

tionforherowncareerC．shefoundademandformedicalworkersD．shewaswellreceivedonsocialplatforms7．HowdidZhangTiangeth

erfirstclient?A．Shegotfamiliarwiththeroutineworkinhospitals.B．Shespenttwodaysinmajorhospitalstomeetpatients.C．Hervideoonsoc

ialplatformsattractedherfirstclient.D．Theman’sfatherwasseriouslyillandmightneedasurgery.8．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeZha

ngTian?A．Hardworkingandconsiderate.B．Humorousandcareful.C．Ambitiousandimaginative.D．Talkativeandpositive.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个新行业

“患者陪护”的代表张天，在社交平台上谈论陪护患者提供的帮助和服务，获得了社会的热烈关注。“患者陪护”带给了她成就感和满足感，并激励着她不断向前。5．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Getupat6am,arriveatth

ehospitalonehourearliertohelppatientscheckin,andaccompanypatientsduringconsultations…Inrecentyears,“p

atientescorts”hasemergedasanewindustry,andthosewhohavetakenonthiscareerareknownas“peoplewhoselltime”.(每天早上6点起床，

提前1小时到医院帮病人办理入住，陪病人会诊……近年来，“患者陪护”成为一个新兴行业，从事这一职业的人被称为“卖时间的人”。)”可知，“患者陪护”的指责为帮助病人更好地在医院接受治疗。故选D。6．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“September4wasaluckyda

yforZhangTian.Onthisday,ZhangTiansawavideoaboutpatientescortsonashortvideoplatform.Thedailyroutineofpatientescortsshowninthevi

deofascinatedherandgraduallyinspiredhertotakethisonasabusiness.(9月4日是张天的幸运日。这一天，张田在一个短视频平台上看到了一个关于病人陪护的视频。视频中显示的病人陪护的日常生活让她着迷，并逐渐激励她将

其作为一项业务。)”可知，9月4日对张天来说是幸运的一天，因为她为自己的事业找到了灵感。故选B。7．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterpreliminarypreparatory(预备的)work,Zh

angTianpostedavideoofmyself-introductiononmajorsocialplatforms,talkingaboutthehelpandservicesapatientescortprovid

es,aswellassometipsforaquickandconvenientmedicalconsultation.Atfirst,shewasalittleworriedthathervideowouldgounnoticed.However,aftersheu

ploadedthevideo,itgotover100likesandshereceivedherfirsteverofferasapatientescort.(经过前期的准备工作，张天在各大社交平台上发布了我的自我介绍视频，讲述了陪护病人所能提

供的帮助和服务，以及快速便捷就医的一些技巧。起初，她有点担心她的视频不会被注意到。然而，在她上传视频后，获得了100多个赞，她还得到了人生中第一个“患者陪护”的工作机会。)”可知，张天在社交平台上的视频吸引了她的第一个客户。故选C。8．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Getupat6am,arr

iveatthehospitalonehourearliertohelppatientscheckin,andaccompanypatientsduringconsultations…(每天早上6点起床，提前

1小时到医院帮病人办理入住，陪病人会诊……)”和第二段“Shebrowsedthroughmanyplatformsandreadmultipleinformationandfoundthereindeedexistsacertai

ndemandforpatientescorts,especiallyfortheelderly,children,andpregnantwomen.Sinceshehadneverengagedinthiskindofworkbefore,shespenttwodaysinm

ajorhospitalsinWuhan,inordertofamiliarizeherselfwithallthedepartmentsondifferentfloors,aswellastheprocessesofmedicalconsultationandpreparationfor

surgery.(她浏览了许多平台，阅读了大量信息，发现确实存在一定的病人陪护需求，尤其是老人、儿童和孕妇。由于之前从未从事过这类工作，她花了两天时间在武汉各大医院，以熟悉不同楼层的各个科室，以及会诊和

手术准备的流程。)”及全文可知，张天耐心学习这类工作的流程、耐心护送患者和悉心照料患者，可以表现出她具有努力工作，体贴的美好品质。故选A。三、（2022·福建泉州·统考一模）OnJuly14,2017,MaryamMirzakhani

,StanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefirstfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics,diedattheageof40.Thene

wswasespeciallyhard-hittingforagenerationofyoungeracademicswhohavealwaysheldMaryamasarolemodelwhoseexampleishelpingredefinewomen’sstatusin

scienceandespeciallymathematics.WhatwasfunwasthatMaryamalwaystriedtoavoidthemedia’sspotlight.Hermodesty(谦虚)andsimplicitydespitebeingthefirstwomant

ogainsuchhighstatusintheworldofmathematics—winningwhat’softencalledthe“NobelPrizeofmath”—stoodouttothosewhoknewher.Maryam

originallywantedtobeawriter,apassionofhersthatneverfadedawayevenduringherpostgraduatestudies.However,shefoundanevengre

aterjoyinhowrewardingitfelttosolvemathematicalproblems.Asastudent,shewasthefirstfemalememberofIran’snationalteamtopartici

pateintheInternationalMathOlympiad(IMO),andshewontwogoldmedalsintwoyears—stillarecord.Shereceivedherbachelor’sdegreeinIr

anandlaterstudiedatHarvard.In2014,MaryamwasrecognizedwiththeFieldsMedal,thehighest-rankingawardinmathematics.Herworkfoc

usedoncurvedsurfaceslikespheres(球体).Herachievementshaveapplicationsinotherscientificfieldsincludingengineeringandmaterialscience.Unfortunately,att

hattimeshewasalreadytacklingthebreastcancer.Maryam’slegend(传奇)maycontinuetogrowafterherearlydeath.Stillonly20percento

ffull-timemathteachersatU.S.universitiesarewomen.Theexampleofawomanwhorosetothetopofthisstillverymalefieldmayhelpinspiremath’snextgenerat

ion.InthesamewaypeoplethinkofMarieCurieorJaneGoodallasscientificpioneers,MaryamMirzakhaniwillgodowninhistoryasatrailblazeraswellas

amathematicalgenius.9．WhatmakesMaryaminternationallyrecognised?A．Herunfadingpassionforwriting.B．Fightingagainsts

exualdiscrimination.C．BeingthefirstfemaleFieldsMedalwinner.D．Comingunderthemedia’sspotlightfrequently.10．What’sMaryam’sattitudetowardsfam

e?A．Resistant.B．Realistic.C．Enthusiastic.D．Doubtful.11．WhatcanweknowaboutMaryam?A．ShewongoldmedalsforIraninIMO.B．Shegotherb

achelor’sdegreeatHarvard.C．Sheappliedmathematicstomaterialscience.D．Sheinstructedsomefemalestudentstoreachthetop.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trailb

lazer”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Talent.B．Model.C．Follower.D．Pioneer.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。2017年7月14日，斯坦福大学数学教授、菲尔兹数学

奖章第一位女性得主玛丽亚姆·米尔扎卡尼去世，享年40岁。文章讲述了这位伟大的女数学家的传奇一生和优秀品质。9．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“OnJuly14,2017,MaryamMirzakhani,Stanfordprofessorofmathematicsandthefir

stfemalewinneroftheFieldsMedalinMathematics,diedattheageof40.”(2017年7月14日，斯坦福大学数学教授、菲尔兹数学奖章第一位女性得主玛丽亚姆·米尔扎卡尼去世，享年40岁。)可知，作为第一位女性菲尔兹奖牌获得者，玛丽亚姆获得了国际认

可。故选C。10．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Maryamalwaystriedtoavoidthemedia’sspotlight.”(玛丽亚姆总是试图避开媒体的聚光灯。)可知，玛丽亚姆对名声的态度是抗拒的。故选A。11．A【解析】细节理

解题。根据第四段最后一句“Asastudent,shewasthefirstfemalememberofIran’snationalteamtoparticipateintheInternationalMathOlympiad(IMO),andshewontwog

oldmedalsintwoyears—stillarecord.”(作为一名学生，她是伊朗国家队第一位参加国际数学奥林匹克竞赛（IMO）的女性成员，她在两年内获得了两枚金牌，这仍然是一项纪录。)可知，玛丽亚姆在国际数学奥林匹克竞赛中为伊朗赢得了金牌。故

选A。12．D【解析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“InthesamewaypeoplethinkofMarieCurieorJaneGoodallasscientificpioneers”(就像人们认为玛丽·居里或简·古道尔是科学先驱那样)

可知，此处是指人们认为玛丽亚姆·米尔扎卡尼也是一位数学先驱，所以trailblazer意为“先驱”。故选D。四、（2022·重庆·重庆南开中学统考模拟预测）WhenTalGolesworthywastoldhenee

dedalifesavingheartoperationin1993,hesaidno.GolesworthyhasMarfansyndrome,ageneticconditionaffectingbodytissues.Backin1993,hisdoctortoldhimthathisaort

a(主动脉)wassoenlargedthatitwouldunavoidablybreakunlessheunderwentamajorsurgery.“Theoperationreallydidn’tlook

attractive,”saysGolesworthy.Whatheparticularlydidn’tlikewashavingtotakeamedicineaftertheoperationthatw

ouldpreventbloodclots(血栓)butpresenteditsownrisks.“Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffecte

d.”By2000,however,hisconditionhadworsened.Realizingsomethinghadtobedone,Golesworthyputhisyearsofexperienceasaresearch-and-developmenteng

ineerwiththeUnitedKingdom’sNationalCoalBoardtogooduse.Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.“Learningnewstuffanddevelopingnewi

deas,thatwasmyjob,”Golesworthysays.SoGolesworthyspent30hoursinanMRIscanner,used3Dprintingtocreateacopyofhisheartaorta,andwrappedi

twithaspecialmaterial.Strongdeterminationtogetherwithanoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonswhohelpedhimraisethemoneytode

velophisidea.InMay2004,attheageof47,hebecametheguineapigforhisowninvention.Theoperationwasasuccess.Ithassin

cebeenusedbysurgeonsintheUnitedKingdom,Ireland,andtheNetherlands.“Whenyou’reasmotivatedasIwas,”Golesworthysaid,“youmakethingshappen.”13

．WhydidGolesworthyrefusetotakethemajoroperation?A．Becausetheheartsurgerywastoorisky.B．Becausehiswayoflifewouldb

einfluenced.C．Becausehisaortawouldbreakduringthesurgery.D．Becauseheassumedthatitwouldnotsavehislife.14．Golesworthyisapersonwith.A．resol

utionandnewideasB．motivationandmagicalpowerC．curiosityandmentalproblemsD．optimismandpracticallifestyle15．Whatdoestheunderlinedpa

rtinthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Anexpertinmedicine.B．Ananimalwithtalents.C．Asubjectforexperiment.D．Apatientwithaseriousdisease.16．Whatisthemain

ideaofthetext?A．Anengineerbecameasurgeon.B．Apatientinventedanoperation.C．Apatientnevergaveintodeath.

D．Anengineerhelpedfixhisownheart.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述患有马凡氏综合症的TalGolesworthy拒绝做手术，他用3D打印技术制作出心脏主动脉复制品，通过手术修复了自己的心脏。13．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whathep

articularlydidn’tlikewashavingtotakeamedicineaftertheoperationthatwouldpreventbloodclots(血栓)butpresenteditsownris

ks.“Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffected.”(他特别不喜欢的是手术后必须服用一种药物，这种药物可以防止血栓，但也有风险。“我那时骑摩托

车，还滑雪，所以我的整个生活方式都会受到影响。”)”可知，Golesworthy拒绝做手术是因为他的生活方式会因此受到影响。故选B。14．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Strongdeterminationtogether

withanoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonswhohelpedhimraisethemoneytodevelophisidea.(坚定的决心和一个新

颖而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位顶尖外科医生的支持，他们帮助他筹集资金来实现他的想法)”可知，Golesworthy是一个有决心和新想法的人。故选A。15．C【解析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“SoGolesworthyspent30hour

sinanMRIscanner,used3Dprintingtocreateacopyofhisheartaorta,andwrappeditwithaspecialmaterial.(因此Golesworthy接受了30个小时的核磁共振扫描，用

3D打印技术制作了他的心脏主动脉复制品，并用一种特殊的材料包裹起来)”可知，Golesworthy用3D打印技术制作了心脏主动脉复制品，结合最后一段中“Theoperationwasasuccess.(手术成功了)”可知，他是通过手术用制作

出的心脏主动脉复制品修复了自己的心脏。由此推知，划线部分所在句意为：2004年5月，47岁的他成为了自己发明物的实验对象。划线词组theguineapig意为“实验对象”。故选C。16．D【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，

文章主要讲述患有马凡氏综合症的TalGolesworthy拒绝做手术，他用3D打印技术制作出心脏主动脉复制品，通过手术修复了自己的心脏。故选D。五、（2023·湖南湘潭·统考二模）DarcieHaywardwillhaveherfive-year-oldAlaskanMalamute,S

ora,putpawsonthepavementeverydayofthenextmonthtoraisefundsforGuideDogsAustralia’sPAWGUSTcampaign.Theinitiative,whichencouragesAustralianstowalkth

eirdogsfor30minutesadayfor30days,isacauseclosetothe29-year-old’sheart.HeryoungerblindbrotherLachie,27,wasrecentlymatchedwithaguid

edogofhisown,blackLabradorEddieinMayafter18monthsoftestsandcompatibility(相容)training.“SinceEddiearrived,Lachiehasbeen

abletowalkaroundwithouthiscane(手杖),feelinglikeheisjustwalkinghisdog,”saidDarcie,wholivesinLangwarrin,Victoria.“Theyarebestfriends.”Seeingthediff

erenceaguidedogmadetoherbrother,Darciewasoverjoyedtoberaisingfunds,sootherAustralianscouldonedayhavetheirowncompaniondogs,li

keLachie.“Manypeopleseeaguidedogandgo,notrealizinghowmuchittakestoraiseaguidedogpuppysoIwanttoraisesomeawareness,”

saidDarcie.“It’samazingtoseehowLachie’slifehasimproved,buttherearemanypeoplewithoutthatcompanionship.It’sreallynice

tobeabletocontributeinanywayIcan.Isharedtheexperienceonourlocalcommunitywebpage,mentioningweareraisingmo

neyforguidedogs.Surprisingly,acoupleofstrangersdonated.”ItseemsthatEddiehasalreadybeenapopularpupwiththelocals.“Therearesomanykid

swhohavebeenaskingtopatEddiethatLachiehastorejectthem,”Darcieaddedwithasmile.Excitedtobemakingapositiveimpactbywa

lkingherowndog,Darcieiseagertoencouragemorepeopletofetchtheirleashes(牵狗用的皮带)andtieuptheirtrainerstotakeaction.17．Whatisthecampaign?A．Acharitableeve

nt.B．Atrainingcourse.C．Awalkingtest.D．Acommunityaction.18．WhateffectdidEddiehaveonLachie?A．Slight.B．Positive.

C．Potential.D．Undesirable.19．WhydidDarciesharetheexperience?A．Tosavemoreguidedogs.B．TospreadLachie’sstory.C

．Tohelpmoreblindpeople.D．Tointeractwiththeneighbors.20．WhatdoesDarciewantpeopletodo?A．Domorewalking.B．Raisetheirowndogs.

C．Donatesomeleashes.D．Getinvolvedinthecampaign.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。Darcie下个月将天天遛狗,为一个慈善活动筹集善款。此举是为了帮助更多的盲人能有导盲犬的陪伴。17．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“D

arcieHaywardwillhaveherfive-year-oldAlaskanMalamute,Sora,putpawsonthepavementeverydayofthenextmonthtoraisefundsforGuideDogsAustralia’sPAWGUST

campaign.”（下个月，达西•海沃德(DarcieHayward)将让她5岁的阿拉斯加雪橇犬少拉(Sora)每天在人行道上伸出爪子，为澳大利亚导盲犬组织的PAwgUST活动筹集资金。）可知,这个活动是

一个筹集善款的慈善活动。故选A。18．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段““SinceEddiearrived,Lachiehasbeenabletowalkaroundwithouthiscane(手杖),feelingli

keheisjustwalkinghisdog,”saidDarcie,wholivesinLangwarrin,Victoria.“Theyarebestfriends.”Seeingthedifferen

ceaguidedogmadetoherbrother,Darciewasoverjoyedtoberaisingfunds,sootherAustralianscouldonedayhavetheirowncomp

aniondogs,likeLachie.”（居住在维多利亚Langwarrin的达西说：“自从埃迪来到这里，拉奇就可以不用拐杖走路了，感觉自己就像在遛狗一样。”“他们是最好的朋友。”看到导盲犬给她哥哥带来的影响，达西很高兴能够筹集到资金，这样其他澳大利亚人有一天也能有自己

的同伴狗，比如拉奇。）可知,Eddie对Lachie产生了积极影响。故选B。19．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Isharedtheexperienceonourlocalcommunitywebpage,mentioningwearerai

singmoneyforguidedogs.”（我在我们当地社区的网页上分享了这个经历，提到我们正在为导盲犬筹集资金。）可知,Darcie分享他的经历是想有更多人能为这个慈善活动进行捐款,从而能帮助更多的盲人。故选C。20．D【解析】推理判断题。根据

最后一段“Excitedtobemakingapositiveimpactbywalkingherowndog,Darcieiseagertoencouragemorepeopletofetchtheirleashes(牵狗用的皮带)andtieuptheirtrainers

totakeaction.”（达西很高兴能通过遛自己的狗产生积极的影响，她渴望鼓励更多的人去牵他们的狗链，系好运动鞋并采取行动。）可知,Darcie想要更多的人参与到这个慈善活动中来,为帮助盲人贡献自己的力量。故选D。一、（20

22·全国·统考高考真题）Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.F

orthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtach

ildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdth

ebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Itho

ught.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwr

ongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhi

chwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisno

tpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,b

utI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsi

tes.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadefo

rradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovinc

e.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsons

eesitonhistablet.1．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A．Providedshelterforme.B．Becameverycleartome.C．Tookthepressureo

ffme.D．Workedquitewellonme.2．Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A．Hetookitforatabletcomputer.B．Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C．He

wasangrywithhisgrandpa.D．Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.3．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A．Sociallyambitious.B．Physicallyattractive.C．Financiallyin

dependent.D．Digitallycompetent.4．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A．Helacksexperienceinhisjob

.B．Heseldomappearsontelevision.C．Hemanagesavideodepartment.D．Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【语篇解读】这是一篇

记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。1．B【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewage

ofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.

”以及画线词后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的

新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。2．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hewasactuallya

strangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivew

henyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那

样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。3．D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandprodu

ceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。4．B【解析】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacame

ra,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。二、（2022·全国·高考真题）AsGinniBazlinto

nreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelyga

tekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercare

er(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedeci

deditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJa

panandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthern

mosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn

’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnev

ermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpr

essiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewate

rlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealization

thatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.5．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“take

theplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Trychallengingthings.B．Takeadegree.C．Bringbacklostmemories.D．Sticktoapro

mise.6．WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A．Lovelypenguins.B．Beautifulscenery.C．Adiscountfare.D．Afri

end’sinvitation.7．WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A．Itcouldbeahomeforher.B．Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C．Itshouldbewellprese

rved.D．Itneedstobefullyintroduced.8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Achildhooddream.B．Anunforgettableexperience.C．Sailingaroun

dtheworld.D．MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了71岁的GinniBazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞

和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。5．A【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworl

d,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.(在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，Ginni开始周游世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。)”可知，此处是指做有挑战性的事情，所以taketh

eplunge意为“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。6．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoin

gtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.(正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。7．C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一

段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGin

ni.(意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。8．B【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了GinniBazlinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“Thesegentlelove

lygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.(这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段G

inniBazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了GinniBazlinton的南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，Anunforgettableexperience.(一次难忘的经历)能够概括文章主旨。故选B。三、（2021·全国·统考高考真题）Ihave

workedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdo

fSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.I'vegottwochildre

n—theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartofthe

irlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmall

thattherewasabsolutelynorisk.Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,

otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.Thingsquicklygotver

yintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratef

ulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.Wh

enSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastime

forthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubswere

n'tthere.I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.9．Whydidtheaut

horbringthetigercubshome?A．Toensuretheirsurvival.B．Toobservetheirdifferences.C．Toteachthemlifeskills.D．Toletthemplaywithhis

kids.10．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief”meaninparagraph3?A．Behavebadly.B．Losetheirway.C．Sleepsoundly.D．Misstheirmom.11．Whatdidtheautho

rthinkofraisingthetigercubsathome?A．Boring.B．Tiring.C．Costly.D．Risky.12．WhydidtheauthordecidetosendSpotandStripebacktothezoo?A．Theyfrightened

thechildren.B．Theybecamedifficulttocontain.C．Theyannoyedtheneighbours.D．Theystartedfightingeachother.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为

了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。9．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeitto

adulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.(在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。1

0．A【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadto

containtheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'd”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'dcomedown

inthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下

楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。11．B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenerg

yrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我

只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。12．B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoope

ndoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变

得难以控制。故选B。四、（2021·全国·统考高考真题）ABritishwomanwhowonaS1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinsp

irationalfiguresintoUKschools.AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutacl

assroomrevolution(变革).“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingofthearts

inourschools.”Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort-whetheranup

-and-cominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestar-intoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool,herplaceofworkf

orthepasttwelveyears.“I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby-theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,”sh

esaid.“Weneedartists.morethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttob

ringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinscho

ols."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducat

ioninschoolswasnotjustanadd-on.“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwi

llremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,

thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."13．WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A．Makeamovie.B．Buildnewschools.C．Runaproject.D．Helplocalmusi

cians.14．WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A．Itisparticularlydifficult.B．Itincreasesartists'income.C．Ito

penschildren'smind.D．Itdeservesgreaterattention.15．WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A．Moralprinciples.B．Interper

sonalskills.C．Creativeabilities.D．Positiveworldviews.16．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．BringArtiststoSchools

B．WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC．ArtsEducationinBritainD．TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacher【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万

英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。13．C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewant

edtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools

.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目

。故选C。14．D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第五段Craig-Martin说的话“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlyw

elcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.（Andria的把各个领域的艺术学家请到学校教学这

个聪明的项目很受学生欢迎，在学校忽视艺术教育的时期。把艺术看出不必要是错误的。）”可知，Craig-Martin认为，英国学校的艺术教学不应该被忽视，而应该被重视。故选D。15．C【解析】细节理解题。根据文

章最后一段“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故

选C。16．A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“We

aregoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou)表示，她想掀起

一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。五、（2021·全国·高考真题）Welivei

natownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwopartslessthan10minutes’walkfromhomewhereneighborhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafters

choolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today’schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursad

aylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingu

pwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsagofilm-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtosc

reenstothepointwherehewasabletosay“chocolate”intohisthree-year-oldson’searwithoutgettingaresponse.Her

ealisedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself“marketingdirectorfromNature”.Hedocumented

hisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhic

hchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.“Jus

tfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,”DavidBondsays.“Thereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspi

reduptotheageofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeonhabitforlife.”Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingouts

idenow:“Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhile.”Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuch

astheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.17．Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor’schildren?A．Theyoftenannoytheirneighbours.B．Theyaretiredofdoingtheirho

mework.C．TheyhavenofriendstoplaywithD．Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong.18．HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?A．Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B．Byorga

nizingoutdooractivities.C．ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D．Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.19．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderli

nedword“charts”inparagraph2?A．recordsB．predictsC．delaysD．confirms20．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．LetChildrenHa

veFunB．YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTimeC．MarketNaturetoChildrenD．DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren【语篇解读】本文是一篇

记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人DavidBond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。17．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen

—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.(然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子一放学后就想拿起屏幕，他们在屏幕前呆的时间太长了，这是一个问题。故选D

。18．A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarkedtoyoungpeople.(他记录了他的旅程

，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，DavidBond通过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A。19．A【解析】词义猜测题。根据本句“afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWo

rldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.（这部电影charts世界网络的诞生，世界网络这个

组织的共同目标是让孩子们走进大自然。），由“afilm”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“thebirthoftheWorldNetwork(世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts意为“记录、描绘”，与“records”意思

一致。故选A。20．C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.Ther

esultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.(他把自己的旅

行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是ProjectWildThing，一部记录了世界网络诞生的电影，世界网络是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要讲述了电影制作人DavidBond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，

推销给年轻人，这是本文的中心内容。由此可知，C项“MarketNaturetoChildren(把自然推销给年轻人)”适合作本文标题。故选C。