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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意1．conceptn．概念2．chartn.表格，图表3．galleryn.画廊4．artificialadj.人造的5．virusn.病毒6．crimen.犯罪；罪行7．terroristn.恐怖分
子8．nuclearadj.原子能的9．networkn.网络10．titlen.标题；题目11．fleshn.肉；肉体12．exitvt.出；离开13．dipvt.浸14．millionairen.百万富翁15．touri
smn.观光，游览16．smokern.吸烟者Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．likelyadj.有可能的adv.(与most,very连用)可能2．focusvi.集中注意3．averageadj.平均的n.平均数4．c
limaten.气候5．floodn.洪水，水灾vt.&vi.淹没6．affectvt.影响7．rapidlyadv.快，迅速地8．growthn.增长；生长9．crashvt.(汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁10．projectn.课题；方案；工程11．fancyvt.(非
正式)想要做；幻想12．rejectvt.拒绝，不接受13．destinationn.目的地14．packvt.收拾(行李)，打包15．guiden.指南；导游，向导16．viewn.景色，风景Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1.realityn.真实，现实→realadj.真的→really
adv.真实地；实际上2．attackn.&vt.攻击，进攻→attackern.攻击者3．optimisticadj.乐观的→optimismn.乐观；乐观主义→optimistn.乐观的人；乐天派4．entertainmentn.娱乐；款待→entertainvt.使娱乐；款待5．disapp
earvi.消失→disappearancen.消失→appearvi.出现(反义词)→appearancen.出现；外貌6．harmvt.&n.伤害，损害→harmfuladj.有伤害的→harml
essadj.无害的7．obviousadj.明显的，显而易见的→obviouslyadv.明显地8．scientificadj.科学的→sciencen.科学→scientistn.科学家9．suggestionn.建议，提议→suggest
vt.建议，提议10．arrangementn.安排→arrangevt.安排11．settlevi.定居→settlementn.定居地→settlern.移民者12．regularadj.定期的；规则的→regularlyadv.定期地；规则地→regulationn.章程，规章制度13．at
tractiveadj.吸引人的，有魅力的→attractionn.吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人→attractvt.吸引14.officiallyadv.正式地→officialadj.官方的；正式的1.盘点含后缀“-
er”的名词①beginner初学者②swimmer游泳者③traveller旅游者④farmer农民⑤smoker吸烟者⑥player演员；运动员⑦keeper看守人2.由crime想到的①theftn．偷窃②robberyn.抢劫③kidnapn.绑架④murder
n.谋杀⑤corruptionn.贪污⑥cheatingn.作弊⑦domesticviolence家庭暴力3.走进“旅游(行)”圈①tourism旅游业②tourist游客③journey长途旅行④travel旅行⑤trip短途旅行⑥tour观光旅行⑦voyage(乘船)航
行，航海(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．make__up编造，构成2．come__true(愿望、梦想等)实现3．as__if好像，仿佛4．hang__on(电话用语)别挂断5．get__in__touch取得联系6．be__up_
_to做，从事于7．in__the__flesh本人亲身8.__as__well__as也，又9.__be__known__as被认为是10.__in__the__future将来11.__take__action采取行动12.__what’s__mor
e而且13.__take__over接收，接管14.__consist__of由……组成15.__cut__off切掉，切断1.不能用于被动语态的高频短语①consistof由……构成②runout用完③datebackto/from追溯到④
belongto属于⑤giveout用尽；精疲力竭2.“beknown＋prep.”短语小结①beknownfor因……而出名/闻名②beknownas作为……而出名③beknownto为……熟知④beknownby被……所知3.“as...as”短语集锦①as
wellas也，和，以及②asfaras至于；远至③aslongas只要④assoonas一……就……⑤asmuchas与……一样多(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：It＋be＋adj.＋that...句型，其中It作形式主语...“it__is__cle
ar__thatwearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingontheInternet.”……“很明显，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”句型2：asif/though意
为“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句Someexpertsseeourfutureinvirtualreality—theuseofcomputerswithsoundsandpicturesthatmakeyou
feelas__ifyouareinarealsituation.有些专家看到我们虚拟现实的未来——运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效果，使你感觉就好像生活在现实中一样。句型3：havesth.done使某事Doyouhave
__anything__plannedforSaturdayandSunday？被做，让别人做某事你周六和周天有什么计划吗？句型4：notonly...butalso...意为“不但……而且……”，用来连接两个对等的句子成分Wewouldnot__onl
ybeabletotravelaroundtheworld,but__alsogotostudyinanyworldfamousuniversitieswewantedto.我们将不仅可以环游世界，还可以去任何我们想去的世界著名大学里学
习。句型5：动词＋it＋形容词＋todosth.句型，其中it作形式宾语ButIstillfind__it__hard__to__imagine.但我还是觉得难以想象。二、语境强化训练Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·江苏卷)Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammalsweighingsixtykilogramshaveanaverage(平均的)brainsizeof200c
m3.2．Withhisattentionfocused(集中)onwhattheteacherwassaying,Tomdidn’tknowwhatwashappeningoutside.3．Studiesshowthatpeoplearem
orelikely(可能的)tosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Joinaguidedbiketourandview(观看)someofthemostpopula
rmonumentsinWashington,D．C.5．Trafficproblemshaveseverelyaffected(影响)theeconomicdevelopment.6．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements(settl
e)，leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.7．Childrenneeddiscipline,buttheyneedguidance(guide)evenmore.8．Theseplayswereapopularformofe
ntertainment(entertain)inthe1920sand1930s.9．Theyhavebeenlookingforscientific(science)methodsoffarmingsincetenyearsago
.10．(2018·江苏卷)Ifyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you’dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikely(likely)tobeatthebiggestcar
companies.Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thewomanpaysaregularvisittoherdoctor.Thedoctorexaminesherbodyregularly.Whilesheiswai
ting,sheoftenrepeatstheregulationsonthewall.(regular)2．Readinginthesundoesharmtooureyes.Thatis，itisharmfultooureyestoreadinthesun.However
，thesunlightisharmlesstothecrops.(harm)3．Itisobviousthattheboydoesn’tlikethesinger.Obviously,__heislookingforanother
singerinthehall.(obvious)4．Whatattractedhimmostwastheattractivepark.Butheplannedtovisitanotherattractioninthisareafirst.(attract)5．T
hesuffererswerealloptimistsandIwasdeeplyaffectedbytheiroptimism.AndIbegantolearntobeoptimistic，too.(optim
istic)Ⅲ.选词成篇asif;beknownas;cometrue;writedown;makeup;cutoff;takeaction;consistof;getintouchwithLiMinghas1.been__known__asafamouswritersincehis
latestbook2.consisting__ofseveralnovelscameout.Itisnotsurprisingthathisdream3.comes__true.Duringthepastfewye
ars,hekept4.writing__downhisexperienceswithwhichhe5.made__upsomeinterestingstories.Whilehewaswritinghisbook
s,healways6.cuthimselfofffromtheoutsideworld.Nowhebeginsto7.take__actionto8.get__in__touch__withhisfriendswhohemissesverymuch.Itseems9.as__iftheyh
adbeenoutoftouchforages.inone’sview;settlein;aswellas;focuson;beupto;haveproblemswithAfter10.settling__inBeijing,withthehe
lpofhisfriends,Chrisboughtanewhouse11.as__well__asaportablecomputer.Butonedayhiscomputercrashedand12.in__his__viewitwa
slikelytohavebeenattackedbyavirus.Becausehe13.had__problems__withhowtodealwithit,hehadtoaskhisfriendsf
orsuggestions.Withtheirhelp,hiscomputerbegantoworkagain,andthenhecould14.focus__onthescientificresearchhe15.had__been__up__to．Ⅳ.完成句子1．很显然当时电影《长城》很受
欢迎。It__is__clear__thatthefilmtheGreatWallwasverypopularatthattime.2．厨房看上去好像重新漆过一样。Thekitchenlooksas__if/thoughithasbeenrepainted.3．你平时都在哪儿剪头发？Wher
edoyounormallyhave__your__hair__cut?4．他不仅英语说得准确，还说得流利。Notonlydoes__he__speak__English__correctly，butalsohespeaksitfluently.5．我认识一些人，他们觉得戒
烟几乎是不可能的。Iknowpeoplewhofind__it__nearly__impossible__to__give__upsmoking.likelyadj.有可能的[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranches
outtheirwindowarelikelyto__recover(recover)atafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.②(陕西卷)Ifoneislateforajobinterview,itisunlikely(
likely)thathewillgetthejob.[能力提升]——一句多译白天这个时候他不可能来，因为他太忙了。③He__is__not__likely__to__come/It__is__not__likely__that__he__wil
l__comeatthistimeofthedaybecauseheistoobusy.(likely)④It__is__not__possible__for__him__to__come/It__is__not__possible__that__he__will__com
eatthistimeofthedaybecauseheistoobusy.(possible)⑤It__is__not__probable__that__he__will__comeatthistimeofthedaybecauseheistoobusy.(pr
obable)(1)Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.某人/某物可能会做某事Itislikelythat...很可能……(2)unlikelyadj.不可能的[名师点津](1)likely指从表面迹象来判断，表面上看来有可能。常用结构：Sb./Sth.isli
kelytodosth.；It’slikelythat...；(2)possible指客观上有可能，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用结构：Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.；Itispossiblethat...；(3)probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possib
le表示的可能性大，一般不用表示人的词作主语。常用结构：Itisprobablethat...。focusn．焦点；集中点；焦距；中心v．(使)集中；聚集[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWe
sternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.②a.Withhisattentionfocused(focus)onhishomework,heforgotallaboutwhatIhadtoldhim.b．W
ithsomanypeoplefocusing(focus)theireyesonhim,hefeltverynervous.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级③(普通表达)Hefocused__his__energy__on__working(专注于工作),sohe
sparednotimetotravel.④(高级表达)Focusing__his__energy__on__working,__hesparednotimetotravel.(分词作状语)⑤(高级表达)With__his__
energy__focused__on__working,__hesparednotimetotravel.(with复合结构)(1)focuson/upon集中(注意力/精力)于focusone’sattention/mind/energyon集中注意力/心思/精力于(2)thefocu
sofattention/concern/argument注意力/关注/争论的焦点[佳句背诵]Thewholeworldfocusedonthe2019BeijingsummitoftheForumonChina-AfricaCooperation.全球目光都聚焦于
2019年中非合作论坛北京峰会。[名师点津]表示“集中精力于……”的短语还有concentrateone’sattentionon,fixone’sattentionon,putone’sheartinto等。affectvt.影响；感动；侵袭[基础练习]——
单句语法填空①Theelectionofthenewpresidentaffected(affect)thecountry’srelationshipswithmanydifferentforeigncountriesandinternationalorganizations.②Aff
ected(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.[能力提升]—
—句式升级③(普通表达)Manyyoungpeoplewereaffectedbyhisstory.Theybegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.(高级表达)Aff
ected__by__his__story,__manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.(分词作状语)(1)begreatly/deeplyaffectedby被……深深打动beaffectedw
ithhighfever发高烧(2)effectn.作用；影响haveaneffect/influenceon对……产生影响[佳句背诵]Itisobviousthatblindlyfollowingothers’advicewillaffectourownjudgment.显而易见，盲目地接受
他人的意见将影响我们的判断。(2018·江苏卷)[联想发散]“被深深地感动”的表达：①bedeeplymoved；②bedeeplytouched；③bedeeplyaffectedharmn．伤害；损害vt.
损害；危害[基础练习]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义①Thereisnoharmingivinggiftstochildren，buttheyshouldnotberewards.②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Wh
ilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD．损害；危害[能力提升]——一句多译众所周知，观看暴力电视节目对孩子们有害。③Asw
eknow,watchingviolenceonTVdoes__harm__to__children/does__children__harm．(harmn．)④Asweknow,watchingviolenceonTVis__harmful__to__childr
en．(harmfuladj.)(1)do/causeharmtosb.对某人造成伤害dosb.harm对某人造成伤害Thereisnoharmindoing...做某事无害处。(2)harmfuladj.有害的，造成伤害的beharmfu
lto...对……有害[佳句背诵]Atpresent,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarecommon,doingseriousharmtolifeandtheenvironmen
t.目前，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了极大的危害。suggestvt.建议，提议；推荐；表明，暗示[基础练习]——单句改错①Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsshouldworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervous
situation.删除should②Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshebeverysatisfiedwithwhatwehaddone.be→was[能力提升]——完成句子③(天津卷)因为有太多的工作要做，经理提出一个建议，
我们应该配备个助手。Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatwe__should__have__an__assistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.④(四川卷)为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你多与
中国人练习，只有通过练习你才能发现这种语言的美。TomasterMandarin,Istronglysuggest__you__(should)__practice__with__Chinesepeo
ple.Onlythroughpracticecanyoufindthebeautyofthislanguage.⑤人们建议我们应该捐赠一些我们不再喜欢或不再用的东西。It__is__suggested__that__we__should__donatethingswhichwenolonge
rlikeoruse.(1)suggest(sb.’s)doingsth.建议(某人)做某事suggest(that)...(should)do建议……(从句用虚拟语气)Itissuggestedthat...建议……(that从句用虚拟语气)(2)suggestionn.建议，提议ma
ke/offer/giveasuggestion提出建议[佳句背诵]Isuggestyoureadthesearticlesbeforeproceedingwiththisone.继续阅读本文之前，建议您看一看这些文章。[
名师点津]suggest作“建议”讲时，后接从句时要用虚拟语气(suggestion后面的名词性从句也要用虚拟语气)；作“暗示，表明”讲时，后接的从句不用虚拟语气。settlevt.使定居；安排；解决；使平静vi.定居；和解；决定[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)P
eoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.b．(2017·天津卷)Mr.andMrs.
Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettledown,__getmarried,andhavekids.②Afterreachingasettlement(settle)withtheschool,shesoonsettledintohernewschool
life.③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Withsomanypoemstorecite,you’dbettersettledowntolearning(learn)theirbackgrounds.[能力提升
]——句式升级④(普通表达)Theproblemwassettledandtheywerehappyandrelaxed.(高级表达)With__the__problem__settled,__theywerehappyandrelaxed.(with的复合结构)
(1)settledown平静下来；定居settledownto(doing)sth.安心做某事；专心做某事settlein/into安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)(2)settlementn.安顿；定居；解决；协议settlern.移民；殖民者[佳句背诵]①Withthegover
nment’said，thoseaffectedbytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人已经搬到新的定居点。(上海卷)②Shedidn’tstartthelessonuntilthepupilsse
ttleddown.等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。viewn．景色；风景；观点，见解；视野vt.把……视为；看；观看[一词多义]——写出下列句中view的含义①(北京卷)Whileclimbingthemountain，weenjoyedthewarmsunshinean
dabeautifulview.风景②Icanonlygiveyouapersonalviewofhowwecanlivelifetothefull.观点，见解③(全国卷Ⅱ)Ifwegoonatripab
road,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.视野[能力提升]——完成句子④In__view__of(鉴于)thepresentsituation,we’llhavetochangeou
roriginalplan.⑤In__my__view(依我看),youshouldfollowyourteacher’sadvice.⑥Asthecarapproachedthetowncenter，severaltallbuildingscame__into__view(进入视野)．(1)i
nview在视野中inviewof鉴于；考虑到inone’sview在某人看来comeintoview看得见get/haveagoodviewof清楚地看到；饱览take/holdtheviewthat...持……的观点(2)view..
.as...把……看作……[佳句背诵]StandingontheJingshan,youwillgetabetterviewoftheForbiddenCitywhichissurroundedbya7.9-metre-hi
ghcitywall.站在景山上，你可以更清楚地看到被7.9米高城墙围绕的紫禁城。averagen．平均；平均数adj.普通的，通常的；平均的vt.平均为[基础练习]——语段填空①Therewere90studen
tsgettingfullmarksintheexam,withanaverageof18studentsineachclass.Jane’swasaboveaveragewhileJohn’swasbelowaverage,whichmadehiste
acherdisappointed.[能力提升]——完成句子②(浙江卷)去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚在成为一个州以来最干旱的一年。An__average__ofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingit
thedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。AllstudentshavetwoPEcl
assesaweekandrunfor20minuteson__averageeveryday.onaverage平均anaverageof...平均有……withanaverageof平均为above/below(the)average在平均
水平以上/以下[词块助记]theworld’saveragetemperature世界平均温度childrenofaverageintelligence智力一般的儿童anaveragecost/price平
均成本/价格anaveragestudent一个普通的学生cometrue实现，变成现实[基础练习]——单句改错①Dreamsinourheartwillcometotrueonedayaslongasweinsistandkeepmakinggreatefforts
.删除to②Whenthingsgowrongly,allofusnaturallyfeeldisappointedandfrustrated.wrongly→wrong[能力提升]——完成句子③考试结果可能会正如所预料的那样，我被我最喜爱的大学
录取的梦想将会成为现实。Theexamsarelikelytoworkoutasexpectedandmydreamtobeadmittedinto/tomyfavoriteuniversitywill__come__true．④鱼和肉变质的时候，味道非常难闻。When__fish__
and__meat__go__bad,__theysmellterrible.comeloose/right变松/变好gobad/mad/wrong/hungry变质/发疯/出错/挨饿[名师点津]一般来说，come与go作系动词，都含“变为”之意。come后的形容词表语常指
令说话人“感到满意或开心”的结果，go后的形容词表语多表“令人不快或沮丧”的情况。Don’tworry，andeverythingwillcomeright.别担心，一切都会变好的。Therearesomefamiliesgoinghungryintheworldnow.现
在世界上有一些家庭正在挨饿。getintouch(with)和……取得联系[基础练习]——单句改错①HowlonghaveyougotintouchwithMr.Smith？got→been__②Helostintou
chwithhisfatherwhenhewastenyearsold.删除in[能力提升]——完成句子③Itisnoteasyforustoget__in__touch__with(和……取得联系)eachother，sowemu
stkeep__in__touch(保持联系)fromnowon.④Having__been__out__of__touch(失去联系)withhisparentsfortwoyears,Jonesreturnedhome,safeandsound.keep/stay
intouchwith与……保持联系；了解，掌握losetouchwith和……失去联系(be)outoftouchwith与……没有联系beintouchwith同……有联系[佳句背诵]Tomakeiteasiertogeti
ntouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。(北京卷)hangon(＝holdon)(电话用语)别挂断；抓紧不放；别放弃，坚持下去；稍等[一词多义]
——写出下列句中hangon的含义①Ithinkweshouldhangonandseetheendofthegame.坚持②Weallhungonasthebusswungaroundasharpbend.紧紧抓住③Hangon！I’llbeback
inaminute.稍等[基础练习]——单句语法填空④(江苏卷)Itisoftenthecasethatanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.⑤HewassoangrythathehungupbeforeIcouldsayaword.⑥Ifyo
uhangon,__youwillsucceedintheend.⑦AttheweekendIliketojusthangoutwithmyfriends.hangonto紧紧抓住；坚持下去；依靠hangout闲逛；常去(某处)hangup挂断电话[佳句背诵]
①Thelineisbusy，wouldyouliketohangon？电话线路忙，请别挂断好吗？②AfterIhungupIrememberedwhatI’dwantedtosay.我挂断电话之后才想起来原本想说的话
。[名师点津]我们学过的表示“挂断电话/别挂断电话”的短语还有：ringoff挂断电话；holdtheline别挂断。(be)upto做，忙于，从事于；多达，达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任
[一词多义]——写出下列句中beupto的含义①Thechildrenareveryquiet.Iwonderwhattheyareupto.忙于②Johnwasdismissedbecausehewasnotuptohiswork.胜任③IstheirspokenEnglishuptot
hecompany’sstandard？达到④“Shallwehaveredwineorwhite？”“It’suptoyou.”由……决定[能力提升]——完成句子⑤为他们组织一些精彩的歌舞演出是我的
职责。It’s__up__to__metoorganizesomewonderfulsinginganddancingperformancesforthem.(1)upto(数量、时间等)一直到……；多达
beupto适合，胜任；忙于，从事于(2)It’suptosb.todosth.由某人负责做某事。[佳句背诵]①It’suptoyouwhatkindoflifeyouwillleadinthefutu
re.未来你将过什么样的生活由你自己来决定。(上海卷)②Theyounggirlissogreenthatshewon’tbeuptothejob.这个年轻的女孩太年轻，她不可能胜任这份工作。It＋be＋adj.＋that.
..句型，其中It作形式主语(教材P8)．..“itisclearthatwearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingontheInternet.”……“很明显，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”[基础练习]——完成句子①Itisi
mportantthatyou(should)__hand__in__your__article(上交你的文章)before28th,June.②It’s__a__pity__that(真遗憾)you’vemissedsuchagoodchan
ce.[能力提升]——句式升级③(普通表达)Obviously,youshouldhaveenoughsleeptoimproveyourworkefficiency.(高级表达)It__is__obvious__thatyoushouldhaveenoughsl
eeptoimproveyourworkefficiency.(1)Itbe＋形容词(possible,obvious,important...)＋that从句(2)Itbe＋过去分词(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported..
.)＋that从句(3)It＋不及物动词(seem,occur,happen...)＋that从句(4)Itbe＋名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,anidea,nowonder...)＋that从句[佳句背诵]Itisobviousthatwith
outyourtimelyhelp,Iwouldn’thaveachievedmygoal.显而易见，没有你及时的帮助，我不可能实现我的目标。asif/though意为“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句(教材P8)Someexpertsseeourfutureinv
irtualreality—theuseofcomputerswithsoundsandpicturesthatmakeyoufeelasifyouareinarealsituation.有些专家看到我们虚拟现实的未来——运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效
果，使你感觉就好像生活在现实中一样。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainis__going(go)tomoveintwominutes.②(江苏卷)Moregenerally，theInternetfun
ctionsasifitwere(be)mymemory.③(重庆卷)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhad__done(do)it?[能力提升]——句式升级④(普通表达)Shewalkedhereandthe
reontheplaygroundasifshewaslookingforsomething.(高级表达)Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundas__if__looking__f
or__something．(省略句)⑤(普通表达)Theboystoodtherewithhisheadbentasifhewascriticizedbytheteacher.(高级表达)Theboystood
therewithhisheadbentas__if__criticized__by__the__teacher．(省略句)(1)asif/asthough意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。常位于be,look,seem,s
ound,smell,feel等系动词之后。(2)asif/though引导从句，当从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生(存在)的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气。其形式如下：①表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时；②表示与
过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；③表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用would/could/mightdo。[佳句背诵]HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。[名师点津]如果
asif/asthough引导的方式状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中有be的某种形式，则省略“从句主语＋be”。动词＋it＋形容词＋todosth.句型，其中it作形式宾语(教材P12)ButIstillfindit
hardtoimagine.但我还是觉得难以想象。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(北京卷)Tomakeiteasier__to__get(get)intouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.②(山东卷)Susanmade__itcleartometha
tshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.[能力提升]——句式升级③(普通表达)Ithinkreadinginbedisnogoodanditdoesgreatharmtoyoureye
s.(高级表达)I__think__it__no__good__reading__in__bed,__which__does__great__harm__to__your__eyes.(形式宾语＋非限制性定语从句)(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语
时，多用it作形式宾语。(2)常用于该句型的动词还有make,think,consider,feel,believe等。[佳句背诵]Havingdiscussedtheproblemallafternoon,thecommitteeconsistingoffivememb
ersfinallycameupwithasolutiontoit,whichmadeitpossibleforustocompletethetask.讨论了这个问题整整一下午，这个由五人组成的委员会最终想出了解决方法，这使我们完成这项任务成为可能。维度一在空白处填入括号内
单词的正确形式1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainment(entertain)viewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomp
uterscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.2．Theyprovideanenvironmentwhereyoucanpracticeundertheguidance(guide)ofsomeonewho’s
goodatthelanguage.3．Smartphonesmakeiteasierandmoreconvenienttocheckreality(real),watchvideoclips，andreadweibo.4．Nohurry,Bill.Ifwetakeataxi,wewill__ge
t(get)thereontimefortheconcert.5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly(regular)，oryou’redoingitnow，thenlistenup!维度二在空白处填入1个适当
的单词1．Later,hemadeasuggestionthatweshouldgooutforawalk.2．Wearelikelytoplacealargeorderwithyouifthepriceisreasonable.3
．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.4．Weshouldviewchangeasachallengeandare
wardingexperience.5．Theexercisesinthischaptercanguideyou,butitwillbeuptoyoutodotheactualwork.维度三易错混用(改正下列句子中的错误)1．Onviewofyour
presentbadmood，you’dbetterputofftheworktillnextweek.On→In2．Wewelcomecustomerstogetinthetouchwithuswiththeirconcerns.删除the3．Afterafiercequarr
el，thecouplesettleddowntodosomecleaningathome.do→doing4．Injuringduringthefootballmatchtheboywasexaminedbyadoctor.Injuring→Injured5．Ifsheretur
nedanhourearlier，shewouldn’thavebeencaughtintherain.在returned前加had维度四语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1．Everyonepresentattheme
etinghaddifferentviews,sotheyfailedtoreachanagreement.观点2．(2018·江苏卷)Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant’
sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet’spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastie
r.推荐3．(江苏卷)Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,Internetvotinghasbecomemoreandmorepopular,graduallyaffectingpeople’slifeinallrespects.影响4．Hea
lthandenvironmentalproblemshaveincreasinglybecomethefocusofattention.焦点5．Theaveragetemperaturerangesbetween23℃a
nd39℃and51%oftheislandiscoveredwithforests.平均的提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Oneday,Tom1.got(get)intouchwithoneofhisgoodfriendsLin
da.She2.is__known(know)asawriterand3.has__settled(settle)inthesuburbsforthreeyears.Nowadays,sheisfocusingherattentionon4.writing(
write)anewnovelaboutcyberspace,whichconsists5.ofsixsections.TomtoldLindathathewouldtake6.overhisfather’scompanysoon.What’smore,hewouldtakeim
mediateaction7.to__realize(realize)hisdream.8.Itisclearthatheisgoingtomakethebusinessbiggerandstronger.Hisfathertoldhimifhekeptthebusiness9.run
ning(run)smoothly,hewouldtravelabroadasifhisgrandfatherhaddoneso.IntheviewofLinda,Tomshouldhang10.onuntilhesucceeds.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1．补全要
点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)①过去，王先生是一个上网成瘾者。Mr.Wangused__to__fancy__surfingtheInternetverymuch.②上网成瘾给他造成了很大的伤害。AddictiontotheInterneth
armed__him__greatly．③面对他的情况，他的朋友和家人都劝他停止上网，但是他不听。Whenhisfriendsas__well__ashisfamilywere__faced__withhiscon
dition,theytried__to__persuade__him__to__stopitbuthewouldn’tlisten.④两年之后，他的身体明显变得很虚弱，他不得不接受了医生的建议，停止上网。Twoye
arslater,hebecametooweakobviously,sohehad__to__take__a__doctor’s__suggestionandquitted__surfing__the__Interne
t．2．升级平淡句⑤用过去分词作状语升级句③Faced__with__his__condition,__his__friends__as__well__as__his__family__tried__to__persuade__him__to__stop__it__but__
he__wouldn’t__listen.⑥用it作形式主语升级句④Two__years__later,__it__was__obvious__that__he__became__too__weak,__so__he__had__to__t
ake__a__doctor’s__suggestion__and__quitted__surfing__the__Internet.3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：asaresult)____
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nepossibleversion：Mr.WangusedtofancysurfingtheInternetverymuch.Asaresult,addictiontotheInternetharmedhimgreatly.Facedwithhiscondition,hisfr
iendsaswellashisfamilytriedtopersuadehimtostopitbuthewouldn’tlisten.Twoyearslater,itwasobviousthathebecametooweak,sohehadtota
keadoctor’ssuggestionandquittedsurfingtheInternet.课时练12篇阅读＋1篇完形Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·六安高三联考)Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartifici
alintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto“read”humanpersonalities.Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatist
rue,computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated(复杂的)artificialintelligencealgorithms(演算法)maysoonhavetheabilit
ytopeer__intoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality,conductedbyneurosciencer
esearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandpublishedinthescientificjournalFrontiersinNeuroscience.“Eyemovement
sduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality，”wrotetheresearchers,ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher,
whoseteamfollowed42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminedtheirpersonalitytraitswith“wellestab
lishedquestionnaires”fordeterminingthepersonalitytype,accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.Th
eresearchersfedthedataintotheirAIalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediate
lydetermineaperson’smajorpersonalitytraits,suchas“neuroticism,extraversion(外向),agreeableness,conscientiousness,aswellascuriosity”，thescientis
tswrote.“Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhightechdevices,evenrobots,allowingfo
rmorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines，”Loetschersaid.“Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved,per
sonalizedservices.Today’srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttononverbalinformation，”Loetschersai
dinastatementquotedbyTheIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural
,andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals.Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonal
itycharacteristicsandspecificeyemovementtendencies,accordingtoasummaryinBritain’sDailyMailnewspaper.【解题导语
】本文主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究。1．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“peerinto”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Understand.
B．Stareat.C．Searchfor.D．Concernabout.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.”，并结合对第一段的整体理解可推知，此处peerinto与第一段中的“re
ad”相呼应，故选A。2．Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?A．Itwascarriedoutinalab.B．42studysubjects’eyemovementswererecorded.C．Thestudents’daily
movementsweretracked.D．Itssubjects’personalitiesweredeterminedbycomputer.B解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究是通过追踪42个研究对象并记录他们的眼球运动来开展的，故选B。3．According
toTobiasLoetscher,whatcanweknow?A．Robotsandcomputersaresociallyconscious.B．Peoplecarelessaboutimproved,personalizedservi
ces.C．Today’srobotsandcomputerscanaccustomtononverbalinformation.D．Thediscoverywillimprovetheinteractionbe
tweenhumanbeingsandmachines.D解析：细节理解题。根据对倒数第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究发现有助于改善人类和机器的互动，故选D。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HumanPer
sonalityTraitsB．WhatHumanEyeMovementsAreC．TellPersonalitiesbyEyeMovementsD．HowHumansandMachinesInteractC解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段开篇点
题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究，故选C。B(2020·洛阳、许昌质检)Withsmarttechnologyincreasingl
yinfluencingallaspectsofourlives,itisonlyamatteroftimebeforesomeoneinventssmartshoes—onesthatcanbemadebasedonper
sonalneeds.Called“ShiftWear”，thesneakersarethebrainchildofateamofbusinessmen,andengineersledbyNewYorkbased
designerDavidCoelho.Theadaptableshoescanbecustomizedbyusingasmartphoneapp.Shoeownerswillhavetheoptiono
fselectingadesignfromavarietyofHDpatternsbyfamousartistsorcreatingonethemselves.Thecompany’sfoundersimaginethemarketplacewhereart
istscannotonlysharebutalsoselltheirdesignstoothers.Despitebeingelectronic,thedesignsareclearlyvisibleeveninthebrightestsunlight.What
’sevencooleristhatbyswitchingonbacklight,userscanevenshowtheirdesignsinthedark!AccordingtoCoelho,thesneakerswillkeeptheirchargeforeverifonlyim
agesaredisplayed.Thoughtheywillneedperiodicrecharging,activeusershavenothingtoworryabout.That’sbecausetheshoesareequippedwithspec
ialWalkNChargetechnologythatpowerstheshoes—witheverystep.Inactiveusersalsohaveoptionsofchargingthesneakerswithoutusingwires
.ThebottompartoftheshoesiscoveredwithKevlarfibers,akindofstrongmaterial,reducingnormalwearandtear.Evenbetter,theyarecompletelywaterproof(防水的)an
dcanevenbethrownintoanordinarylaundrymachineforaquickwash!Thecompanypredictsthattheshoeswillrangeinpricefr
om$150to$1，000dependingonthesizeoftheEPanelswherethedesignsaredisplayed.Thisisnotthefirsttimethatelectro
nicsandshoeshavecombined.LithuaniabasediShuhTechnologieshascomeupwithasimilarconceptthatconnectsereaderpanelstoasmartphoneappviatheBlueto
oth.Whetherthesesmartshoesbecomeaspopularasoursmartdevicesremainstobeseen,thoughtheysurelyareattractive.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文
，主要介绍了一种智能运动鞋。5．Whatcanweknowaboutthesmartshoesfromthetext?A．Theelectronicdesignscannotbeseenclearlyatnight.B．Thedesignersmakesureevery
pairofsneakersisunique.C．Thebottompartoftheshoescanlastlongerduetospecialmaterials.D．Theshoeshavetobewashedby
handtoprotecttheelectronics.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThebottompartoftheshoesiscoveredwithKevlarfibers,akindofstrongmaterial,
reducingnormalwearandtear.”可知，鞋子的底部附着凯芙拉合成纤维，这是一种增强材料，可以减少正常的磨损；据此可知，由于使用了特殊的材料，这种鞋子的鞋底耐磨，故C项正确。6．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A
．Howthesneakersarecharged.B．Howthesneakerscanworkwell.C．Whatimagesthesneakersshow.D．Whattechnologythesneakerscarry.A解析：段
落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第一句“AccordingtoCoelho,thesneakerswillkeeptheirchargeforeverifonlyimagesaredisplayed.”为该段的主题句，并结合全段内容可
知，该段主要介绍了这种鞋子是如何充电的：活跃的用户可以通过走路来充电，不活跃的用户也可以不用电线充电，故A项正确。7．Thevariedpricesofthesneakersmainlydependon___
_____.A．thelengthoftheshoesB．thesizeoftheirEPanelsC．thedesignersoftheshoesD．thematerialoftheirbottomsB解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“Thecompanypredictsthattheshoe
swillrangeinpricefrom$150to$1，000dependingonthesizeoftheEPanelswherethedesignsaredisplayed.”可知，该公司预计，这款鞋的价格范围将是150美元到1000
美元，这取决于展示这些设计的电子显示屏的尺寸，故B项正确。8．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesneakers’futuremarket?A．Negative.B．Anxious.C．Uncertain.D．Confident.C解析：观点态度题。根据尾
段最后一句“Whetherthesesmartshoesbecomeaspopularasoursmartdevicesremainstobeseen,thoughtheysurelyareattractive.”可知，尽管这些智能鞋子很有
吸引力，但是它们是否会像我们的智能设备一样流行还有待观察；据此可推知，作者对这种鞋子的未来并不确定，故C项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·合肥高三调研)Growingupinthe1960s,Iwastaughtfromanearly
agetosendahandwrittenthankyounoteexpressing__1__forkindness.Mymotherusedtobuymeaboxofpaperand__2__meintheartan
dvalueofsaying“thankyou”.She__3__toberight.Astudyshowedthatittooklessthan5minutestowritethethankyounotes.Just5minutestomake__4__per
sonfeeloverjoyed!__5__，inour“instant”world,theideaofgettinganactualpenandwritinganactualnoteseemstonevercometomind.Wetendtodowhatis__6__forus—aquic
ktextoranemail.It’seasytousethe__7__ofbeingbusy,butevenverybusyand__8__businessmenfindtimeto__9__thank-yo
unotes.Forexample,whenDouglasConantbecameCEOofCampbell’s,thecompanyhad__10__halfofitsmarket,anditsvalueandmorale(士气)wasatanall-timel
ow.He__11__fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethingsthatareprobablynot__12__inanyMBAclass.Foronething,Conantwrotetoev
ery__13__.Hegainedtheirconfidenceand__14__，turnedthecompany__15__．InhistenyearsasCEO,Conantwroteover30，000no
testoemployees.It’s__16__nottoaskhowhedidit.__17__，hehadmanyotherthingstodo__18__writingathank-younote.Conantmadetimefor__19__becauseheknewthe
impact(影响)eachonewouldhave.Anexpressionof__20__inthiscrazyworldstillmakesadifference.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，妈妈教“我”用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激，并教“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值；研
究表明，不到五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条会让他人感到快乐。1．A.concernB．sympathyC．affectionD．appreciationD解析：根据该句中的“ahandwrittenthank-younoteexpressing______forkindness
”可知，该处指用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激(appreciation)，故D项正确。A项意为“担心，关心”；B项意为“同情”；C项意为“喜爱”。2．A.consultB．instructC．answerD．impr
essB解析：根据该句“Mymotherusedtobuymeaboxofpaper...andvalueofsaying‘thankyou’．”可知，“我”的妈妈过去常常给“我”买一箱纸，并教授(instruct)“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值，故B项正确。A项意
为“咨询”；C项意为“回答”；D项意为“使留下深刻印象”。3．A.remainedB．provedC．appearedD．claimedB解析：根据语境尤其是下文可推知，此处表示她证明(proved)(这样做)是正确的，故B
项符合语境。A项意为“保持”；C项意为“显得”；D项意为“声称”。4．A.oneB．anyC．eachD．anotherD解析：根据空前一句可知，写感谢便条花费不到五分钟的时间；并结合该句和常识可推知，此处表示仅花费五分钟就可以让另一个(another)人非常高兴，故D项正确。5．A.Y
etB．ThereforeC．SoD．OtherwiseA解析：根据该句中的“seemstonevercometomind”并结合上文可知，尽管仅花费五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条能让他人感到快乐，但是(Yet)
，在我们这个“快捷的”世界里，人们似乎不愿意用这种方式来表达谢意；据此可推知，该处前后表示转折关系，故A项正确。6．A.specialB．necessaryC．convenientD．importantC解析：根
据该句中的“aquicktextoranemail”可推知，该处表示我们趋向于使用对我们来说方便的(convenient)方式——快速发送的短信或电子邮件，故C项正确。7．A.caseB．excuseC．exampleD．situation
B解析：根据语境以及该句中的“ofbeingbusy”并结合常识可知，人们很容易以忙为借口(excuse)，故B项正确。A项意为“事例”；C项意为“例子”；D项意为“情况”。8．A.humorousB．opti
misticC．successfulD．experiencedC解析：根据语境可知，人们很容易以忙为借口，但即使是很忙碌和成功的(successful)商人也能找到时间写(pen)感谢便条。9．A.penB．receiveC．designD．deliverA解析：参见上题解析。10．A.lo
stB．gainedC．developedD．damagedA解析：根据该句中的“morale(士气)wasatanall-timelow”可知，士气空前低落；据此可推知，这家公司已经损失(lost)了一半的市值，故A项正确。11．A.gaveupB．keptupC．setabo
utD．worriedaboutC解析：根据该句中的“He______fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethings”并结合语境可推知，他开始做(setabout)一些简单的事情来解决这一问题，故C项正确。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“跟上”；D项意为“担心”
。12．A.permittedB．taughtC．checkedD．testedB解析：根据语境可推知，他所做的简单的事情很可能没有在任何MBA课堂上被教(taught)过，故B项正确。A项意为“允许”；C
项意为“检查”；D项意为“测试”。13．A.marketB．businessmanC．companyD．employeeD解析：根据下文中的“gainedtheirconfidence”和“Conantwroteover30，000notestoemployees”可推知，Cona
nt给每个员工(employee)写了便条，得到了他们的信任，故D项正确。14．A.personallyB．franklyC．naturallyD．occasionallyC解析：根据语境可知，Conant得到了员工们的信任，顺理成章地(naturally)使公司好转(turnedaround)起
来。15．A.upB．downC．awayD．aroundD解析：参见上题解析。turnaround意为“好转，扭转”，故D项正确。turnup意为“开大”；turndown意为“调低；拒绝”；turnaway意为“把……打发走”。16．A
.hardB．greatC．amazingD．disappointingA解析：根据前一句可知，在担任CEO的十年间，Conant给他的员工们写了三万多张便条；结合语境和常识可知，这令人很难(hard)不去问他是如何做到的，故A
项正确。17．A.AsusualB．InshortC．BythewayD．AfterallD解析：根据语境可知，此处表示毕竟(Afterall)，除了(besides)写感谢便条，他有许多其他事情要做。18．A.byB．inC．besidesD．withou
tC解析：参见上题解析。19．A.meB．itC．himD．themB解析：根据语境可知，空处指代空前一句中的“writingathank-younote”，故B项正确。20．A.kindnessB．joyC．valueD．confidenceA解析：根据本文第一句中的“expressi
ng______forkindness”并结合全文可推知，在这个疯狂的世界中，善良(kindness)的表达仍然会有作用，故A项正确。课时练22篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇语法填空Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·平顶山名校模拟)At9：3
0a．m.onaWednesdaymorning,Ireceivedanotification(通知)thatI’dalreadypickedupmyphone30timesthatday!“11leftuntilyougo
overyourgoalof41pickups，”myscreenread.“Putyourphonedownuntil9：52a．m.!Enjoyyourtimelivinginthemoment.”Theseupdate
sweresentviaMoment,anappthattracksthescreentime,createdbyKevinHoleshin2014tofighthisowndeviceaddiction.Hewas
workingasanindependentappdeveloper,spendinghourseachdaystaringatscreens.Afterwork,Holeshfoundthathewaslookingmindlesslyonlineinsteadoft
alkingtohiswifeortakinghisdogsforawalk.“IwantedawayofseeinghowmuchtimeIwassinkingintomyphone，”hesaid.“SoIcameupw
ithsomethingthatcouldmonitormyscreentime.”Holeshfoundthathewasspending75minutesonhisphoneaday.Headdedafu
nctiontotheappthatinformedhimwheneverhisscreentimewasmorethan40minutes.“Myphonewouldmakeasoundlikeabee,andI’dgoanddosomethingelse
.Itwaslikesomethingpushingmeintherightdirection，”hesaid.Holeshfiguredthatifthesystemworkedforhim,itwouldworkforothers,andlaterthatyearhemade
Momentafreeapp.Todate,ithasbeendownloaded8milliontimes.Besides,Momentalsohasa“coach”function,offeringguidedprogramstohelp
usersfocusandbemoreproductive,for$7.99amonth.“Iamsomuchhappier,Isleepbetter,Ireadmore,Itakebettercareofmyself,andmostofallIampresentinmyd
ay-to-daylife，”Jack,ausersaid.SimilarcommentsonMomentreflectagrowingconsciousnessaround“digitalwellness”，thenamegiventolifestylepr
acticesthatencouragehealthydeviceuse.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一款名为“Moment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备。文章主要介绍了这款
软件的发明过程和功能以及用户对它的评价。1．WhatdoestheinspirationofMomentcomefrom?A．Thecreator’sownexperience.B．Thesoundmad
ebyhoneybees.C．Complaintsfromfamilymembers.D．Thewidespreaddigitaladdiction.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Theseup
datesweresentviaMoment,anappthattracksthescreentime,createdbyKevinHoleshin2014tofighthisowndeviceaddiction.”，并结合该段其他内容和第三段可知，该软件的发明源于K
evinHolesh自己的经历，故A项正确。2．WhatdoesMomentdoattheexpectedscreentime?A．Monitorthescreenandkeeparecord.B．Makeanoi
setoremindtheuser.C．Turnoffthephoneimmediately.D．Forcetheusertotakearest.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Headdedafunctiontotheappthatinfor
medhimwheneverhisscreentimewasmorethan40minutes.‘Myphonewouldmakeasoundlikeabee,andI’dgoanddosomethingelse...’”可知，如果超时使用手机，则这款软件会
使手机发出声音来提醒使用者，故B项正确。3．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?A．Persuadereaderstobuytheapp.B．Providereadersw
ithsomeadvice.C．Recommendacoachtothereaders.D．Introducemoreinformationoftheapp.D解析：写作意图题。根据第四段的内容可知，该软件还具
有“教练”功能，提供一些指导方案，让用户注意力集中，更有效率，并结合上文介绍的该软件的超时使用手机的提醒功能可推知，在第四段作者旨在介绍该软件的更多信息，故D项正确。4．Inwhichpartofawebsitewillyoufindthistext?A．Fashi
onandBusiness.B．SportsandEntertainment.C．HealthandLifestyle.D．ArtandDesign.C解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为“Moment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超
时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备，拥有更有益于健康的生活方式。据此可推知，本文最有可能摘自健康和生活方式版块，故C项正确。B(2020·信阳第一次质检)Areyouaprocrastinator(拖延者)?It
’sacommonproblem.Anditcanbeharmful,aspreviousresearchhasshownthatpeoplewhoprocrastinatehavehigherlevelsofstressandlowerwellbeing,reportedthe
AssociationforPsychologicalScienceintheUS.Butanewstudyhasfoundawaytodealwiththisproblem:Bemoreconnectedtoyourfuture
self.Psychologiststhinkthateachpersonbelievesthattheyarereallytwopeople：“PresentMe”and“FutureMe”.“Peopleactasiftheyprefertheircurrent
selves’needsanddesirestothoseoftheirfutureselves，”wrotepsychologistsNeilLewisandDaphnaOyserman.OysermanandLewisdecidedtotrytofindawaytom
ake“PresentMe”imagineexactlyhow“FutureMe”wouldfeelthenightbeforeabigpaperwasdue,though“PresentMe”hadn’tstartedyet.Theymade“
PresentMe”thinkaboutafar-offeventanumberofdaysaway,notmonthsoryears.Thinkingabouteventsinthis__waymeantthat
somethinglikeafriend’sweddingseemed16.3dayssoonerwhenconsideredindaysratherthanmonthsand11.4monthssoonerwhenconsideredinmonthsratherthanyea
rs.Theresearchersalsotriedtofindoutwhetherpeoplewouldtakeactionsooneriftheyweretoldacertaineventwashappening
inseveraldaysratherthanyears.Forexample,participantsimaginedtheyhadanewbornchild,andthatthechildwouldneedtogotocollegeineither
18yearsor6，570days.Theresearchersfoundthoseinthe“days”conditionplannedtostartsavingfourtimessoonerthan
thoseinthe“years”condition.Soifyouthinkofyourlifeindaysinsteadofyears,youmaygetthingsdonequicker.【解题导语】
本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法。5．WhatdidOysermanandLewisintendtodothroughtheirstudy?A．Toworkonasolutiontotestifsomeoneisaprocras
tinator.B．Tofindoutwhetherhumanbeingsusuallyhavetwodifferentcharacters.C．Todiscoverprocrastinatorsaremorelikelytohavealowers
enseofwellbeing.D．Toproveit’shelpfultoconnectourcurrentselvesmorewithfutureselves.D解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可
知，Oyserman和Lewis想要通过他们的研究去验证把“现在的我”和“将来的我”联系起来是否会对应对拖延症有一定的帮助，故选D。6．Theunderlinedpart“thisway”inParagraph4refersto“________”．A．settingupt
oughdeadlinesB．followingschedulesstrictlyC．countinginsmallerunitsoftimeD．imagininghowyourfutureselfwillfeelC解析：词义猜测题。承接第三段最后一句“Theymade‘Pres
entMe’thinkaboutafar-offeventanumberofdaysaway,notmonthsoryears.”可推知，画线部分是指用更小的时间单位去计量，故选C。7．Whathelpspreventpeoplefromprocrastinating?A
．Comparingtheirfutureselveswithpresentselves.B．Consideringtheircurrentselves’needsanddesires.C．Thinkingaboutfaroffeven
tsindaysratherthanyears.D．Markingimportanteventsonacalendarasareminder.C解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的内容以及最后一段“Soifyouthin
kofyourlifeindaysinsteadofyears,youmaygetthingsdonequicker.”可推知，用天而不是用年去考虑将来所发生的事情会帮助拖延者不再拖延，故选C。8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A
．Awaytogetthingsdoneintime.B．Theharmfuleffectsofprocrastination.C．Thereasontooverlookfutureneedsanddesires.D．Thewayto
reducestressandimprovehappiness.A解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Butanewstudyhasfoundawaytodealwiththisproblem:Bemoreconn
ectedtoyourfutureself.”，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法，故选A。Ⅱ.七选五(2020·合肥第一次质检)ApologizingtheRightWaytoaFriendWhyareapologiessodifficult?Sa
yingyouaresorrycanbethemostdifficultthingyoudo.Butweallmakemistakes,soyou’llprobablyhaveanoccasionwhenyouneedtoapologize.Perhapsyouhadblewu
patsomeoneandrealizedlateryoureactedpoorly.1.________.Whateverthereason,apologizingcanhelpyoubothhealandmoveonfromthesituation.2．________.
First,youacknowledgethatyoudidsomethingwrong.Withanapology,youtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whichallowsyourfriendtoforgiveyou.Secon
d,anapologygivesyoursincerityasafriend.3.________，butthatdoesn’tmeanwestillshouldn’tapologize.Now,whatareelem
entsofaproperapology?4.________，dependingonwhattheoffensewas,whereitwasdone,andwhoyouareapologizingto.Ingeneral,agood
apologyshouldincludethefollowings:arequestfortheirattention,anacknowledgmentofwhathappened,sincerityinadmittingyoudidsomethingwrongand
thewords“I’msorry”or“Iapologize”.Herearethingsnevertosaywhenapologizing.Notethattheartofapologizinginvolvestaki
ngresponsibility.Neverapologizeasawayto“shutsomeoneup”whentheyaresayingyouhurttheirfeelingsandyoudon’tthinkyoudid.5.________，youshould
talkthingsthroughwithyourfriendsuntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross.You’llreallyneedtoself-refle
ctsoyoucanseethingsfromyourfriend’spointofview.A．WhenyoumakeyourapologyinpersonB．Ifyoureallybelieveyoudidnothingw
rongC．ApologiesbenefitfriendshipsinavarietyofwaysD．ThewayyouapologizeisgoingtobeslightlydifferentE．Ormaybey
oujustdidn’tshowsupportwhenyouneededtoF．Apologizingtherightway,however,maytakealittlepracticeG．Someti
mesourpalsforgiveuseasilyfortheminorthingswedowrong【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了向朋友道歉的正确方法。1．E解析：根据空后的“Whateverthereason”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的
原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。2．C解析：空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。3．G解析：根据空后的“butthatdoes
n’tmeanwestillshouldn’tapologize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境。4．D解析：根据空后的“dependingon...whoyouareapologizingto”可知，D项“你道歉的方式要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D
项。5．B解析：根据空后的“youshouldtalkthingsthroughwithyourfriendsuntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·滁州
模拟)Lions,tigersandotheranimalsarestayingawakeatnight1.____________(avoid)humanbeings,anewstudyfinds.Scientistshaveknownthathumanactivitiescanleadt
ochangesinnature.Manyanimalsmaymovearoundlessortraveltofarplacestokeepaway2.____________people.Bybein
gawakeatnight,animalscanalsobeonguardagainstpossibleenemiesandspendlesstime3.____________(look)forfood.Thelatestresear
chfoundevenactivitieslikefarmingandcampingcan4.____________(fright)animalsandcausethemtobecomemoreactiveatnight.5
.____________hadbeenstudiedwerelionsinTanzania,tigersinNepalandmonkeysinBrazil.Researcherscompared6.____________(ca
reful)howmuchtimethoseanimalswereactiveatnightinareasofhumanactivities,suchashuntingandfarming.7.____________washumanactivitiesthatcau
sedanincreaseofabout20percentinnight-timeactivities,evenincreaturesthatusuallysleepatnight.Results8.____________(publish)inthejour
nalSciencetwomonthsago.Thenewfindingsare9.____________(usual)becausenooneelsehaslookedatitinsuchdetailbefore
.EcologistMarleeTuckerwas10.____________(surprise)thatanykindofhumanactivitiesisenoughforanimalstoseepeopleasathreat.【解题导语】人类活动导
致许多动物在夜间保持清醒以保持警惕状态。1．toavoid解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究发现，狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。2．from解析：考查固定搭配
。keepawayfrom...“远离……”，为固定搭配。3．looking解析：考查固定用法。spendtimedoingsth.“花时间做某事”，为固定用法。4．frighten解析：考查动词。句意：最新的研究表明，即使像务农和野营这样的活动也会惊吓到动物，进而导致它们夜间变得
更加活跃。情态动词can后应接动词原形，故应用名词fright的动词形式frighten。5．What解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，故填What。6．carefully解析：考查副词。修饰句中的谓语动
词compared应使用副词。7．It解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，去掉______was和that之后，句子表意完整，故该句为强调句型“Itwas＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”。8．werepublished解析：考查动词的时
态和语态。根据语境可知，谓语动词publish和句子的主语Results之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语twomonthsago可知，描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。9．unusual解析：考查形容词。句意：因为先前没人对此进行过如此详细的研究，所以这些新的发现显得不同寻常
。10．surprised解析：考查形容词。此处为过去分词作表语，表示主语MarleeTucker的状态，故用形容词surprised。
