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二、间接信息题(2019·江苏，A)Whateveryourageorinterests，Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.Hig

henergyIfyoudesirephysicalactivities，youcanchooseactivitiesfromswimmingtohorseriding.ExploretheheightswithGoApe，thehighwireforestadventurecou

rse，orjourneybeneaththeearthatPoole’sCavern.Anddon’tforget：wearesurroundedbyanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforw

alking，caving，climbingandcycling.HighmindedBuxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou’llfindmuchtosuitalltasteswi

thart，music，operaandtheperformingartsatBuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreandGreenManGallery.Thereareplen

tyofopportunitiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved，includingworkshopsandevents.KeepingthekidshappyChildrenlove

thesmalltrainandplaygroundsinthePavilionGardensandthere’splentymoretoexploreattheBuxtonMuseum.There’sanewind

oorplaycentre，plusthespecialeventsandworkshops，andothersduringschoolholidayperiods.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国巴克斯顿(Buxton)具有特色的旅游资源。56.Ifyouwan

ttotakeanundergroundjourney，whichplaceisthebestchoice?A.Poole’sCavern.B.PavilionGardens.C.BuxtonMuseum.D.GreenManGaller

y.答案A解析细节理解题。根据Highenergy部分中的“journeybeneaththeearthatPoole’sCavern”可知选A。57.BuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers.A.ride

sinsmalltrainsB.coursesinmodernartsC.artisticandculturalactivitiesD.basiccoursesinhorseriding答案C解析细节

理解题。根据Highminded部分中的“Buxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou’llfindmuchtosuitalltastes...Thereareplentyofopportuni

tiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved”可知，BuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentre的特别之处在于它提供多种文化艺术活动。一、题型解读1.话题特点常考查间接信息理解类的话题

有：(1)人物类；(2)故事类；(3)文化教育类；(4)史地自然类；(5)社会生活类；(6)科普说明类。2.设问形式特殊疑问句形式或填空形式：(1)Accordingtotheauthor/passage，...(2)Whatcanwelearn

about...?(3)Whatwasthereasonfor...?二、解题技巧——“断章取义”定答案第一步：阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息第二步：定位题干关键词的转换形式第三步：利用正确选项特征，确定答案三、正确选项特征：1.用同义或近义词复现。如【真题感悟】第56题题干中anunde

rgroundjourney与原文中“journeybeneaththeearth”意思相同，故可知答案为A项。2.同根词或原词复现。3.语言简化。简化原文中的复杂语言现象，并设置为答案。4.反义词复现。把

原文中的意思反过来表达。A(2019·如皋高三一模)NewYorkCityisaworldcapitalineverysenseoftheword—it’saculturaland1economicpowerhouse，andarguablythemost2influentialcityonthe

planet.Butitwasn’talwaysthisway，asthefollowingcitiesoncedominatedtheworldaroundthem.Djenne-DjennoInthefloodlandsoftheNigerdeltapeoplehavebeenbui

ldinghousesandotherstructureswithclayforcenturies.ThetownofDjenne-Djennoismadeentirelyoutofclay.Itwa

sinhabitedasfarbackas250BC，andbecameanimportantlinkinthetrans-Saharangoldtrade(跨撒哈拉黄金交易).Constructedon

hillscalled“toguere”，thecitymanagedtoescapethemarshy(沼泽的)landscapeandannualfloodsproducedbytherainyseason.

Djenne-Djennoisbelievedtobeoneoftheearliest8settlementsinthesub-Saharanregion，andisconsideredbysometobe“

the3typicalAfricanCity”.Archeologicalevidenceshowsusacontinuoushumanpresenceintheareaupuntilthe14thcenturyAD，wh

enpeoplemovedtothenearbytownofDjenne，foundedinthe11thcentury.Furtherevidencepointsoutthatevenbeforethecity’sconstruction，theBozopeoplewereg

rowingwildriceintheregion.Inthe13thcenturyAD，withKingKoumboro’sconversiontoIslam，itspalacetransformedintoamosque.CarthageLegendh

asitthatCarthagewasfoundedbyQueenDidoofthePhoenicians.ShefledthecityofTyrelocatedinpresent-dayLebanoninorde

rtoescapethehatredofherbrotherPygmalion，whowasherrivaltothethrone.Alongwithagroupofsettlers，shetraveledagreatdistancebyseaand

landedinNorthAfrica，whereshemetKingIarbas.Heofferedtogivethemlandinordertobuildasettlement，butnobiggerthanthesurfacecoveredbythehide(牛皮

)ofanox.Theycleverlycutthehideintothinstripsandwereabletoencloseafairlylargeareaofland.Onthisland，themightycityofCarthagew

asbuilt.Thesestoriesaremostlikelyjustthat，butthefactthatthePhoeniciansbuiltthecityaround760BCistrue.Locatedinsuchagoodposition—inthemiddleo

ftheMediterranean，closetoSicily，SardiniaandCorsica，andaprettygooddistancefromEgypt—helpedmakeCarthagealeadingtradecenterandmilita

rypower.Thepopulationsoonreachedhalfamillioncitizensand，inordertohousethemall，buildingswereallbuiltfiveorsixstoriestall.Ca

rthagewasthefirstcityinancienttimestohaveacentralizedsewagesystem，linkingallbuildingswithinthecitywalls.Themostnotableofstructuresa

mongtheruinswasthe“Thophet”，whichisbelievedtobeanaltar(圣坛)forchildsacrifice.TenochtitlanTenochtitlanwastheca

pitalcityoftheAztecEmpire.ItwasbuiltonanislandsurroundedbyLakeTexcocodeepinsidethejunglesofCentralAmerica.Bythe

timetheSpanishconquerorswereawareofitsexistence，thepopulationwasaround200,000.ThiswasacityverydifferentfromwhattheEurop

eanswereusedto.Foundedin1325AD，theAztec’scapitalwasjoinedtothemainlandbythreecauseways(堤道).Itwaslaidou

tinstraightstreetgridsandhadenormouspyramidsatitscenter，whichweresurroundedbytheskullsofthedeadandceremonials

culptures.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了历史上，曾经统治着它们周围世界的一些城市。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheancientcities?A.Tenochtitlanwasthefirstcitytolinkallb

uildingswithinthecitywallsusingacentralizedsewagesystem.B.Carthagewasconsideredtohaveplayedanimportantroleinthetrans-Saharangold

trade.C.TherewasnodoubtthatCarthagewasfoundedbyQueenDidoofthePhoenicians.D.Accordingtosomepeople，thecityDjen

ne-Djennois“atypicalAfricancity”.答案D解析细节理解题。答案定位在Djenne-Djenno部分的“Djenne-Djennoisbelievedtobeoneoftheearliestsettlementsint

hesub-Saharanregion，andisconsideredbysometobe‘thetypicalAfricanCity’.(Djenne-Djenno被认为是撒哈拉以南地区最早的定居点之一，被一些人认为是‘典型的非洲城市’。)”，由此

可知，D选项描述正确，故选D。2.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.A.anewsreportB.asciencefictionC.ahistorybookD.aresearchpaper答案C解析文章出处题。由第一段并结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍了历史

上，曾经统治着它们周围世界的一些城市，所以这篇文章最可能出自历史书，故选C。B(2019·徐州高三一检)IT’SENOUGHTOMAKEYOUBLUEINTHEFACETimetotakeastandagainstover-pricedwat

cheswiththeStauerUrbanBlue，nowonly$29.9Youneedanewwatch—theoneyouarewearingwasmadewhenNixonwasinoffice，butextravagantly-price

dwatchesthataddzerosjustbecauseofawell-knownnameareaninsulttoyourlogic.It’sabsolutelypossibletohavethehighestquality，precisionclassictimep

iecewithoutthehighandmightypricetag.HerecomestheStauerUrbanBlue.Packedwithhigh-endwatchperformanceandstyle，minusthehigh-endpricetag.It’severythin

gahigh-endwatchshouldbe：Sturdy4stainlesssteeland5genuineleatherconstruction.Precisiontimingthat’saccuratetofoursecond

saday—that’smoreprecisethana27-jewelautomaticwatchpricedatover$6,000.Yourgreatescapefromtheover-pricedwatchcraze.AtStauer，wego6directly

tothesource(cuttingoutthemiddleman)，andengineerourownwatchdesigns.Thismeanswecanofferatopqualitytimepi

ecethathappenstoonlycostthesameastwowell-madecocktailsatyourfavoritebar.10So，whilewe’rebusyrevolutionizing

thewatchindustrytobringyoumorerealvalue，youcantakeyourownstandagainstover-pricedwatcheswiththeUrbanBlue.You

rsatisfactionis100%guaranteed.WeartheUrbanBluefor30days.Ifyou’renot7convincedthatyouachievedexcellenceforless，senditba

ckforarefundoftheitemprice.TheUrbanBlueisoneofourfastestsellers.Ittakessixmonthstoengineerthiswatchsodon’

twait.Limitedtothefirst1,900responderstothisadonly.StauerUrbanBlueWatchOfferCodePrice$29＋S&PSave$1701－800－333－2045语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介

绍了一款仅售29美元的UrbanBlue手表。3.WhatisthesellingpointoftheUrbanBlue?A.ItwasmadewhenNixonwasinoffice.B.Itisthemostp

recisewatchintheworld.C.Itisdesignedbythecompany’sownengineers.D.Itishighinqualitybutamazinglylowinprice.答案D解析细节理解题

。根据文中的“only$29”，第二段最后两句及第三段中的“high-endwatchperformanceandstyle，minusthehigh-endpricetag”可知，这是一款物美价廉的手表。故选D。4.Toguaranteecustomers’satisfaction，thewat

chproducerpromisesthat.A.theywillreducetheengineeringtimeinthefutureB.theywillsellthewatchalwaysatapriceof$29C.customer

scanwearthewatchontrialfor3monthsD.customerscanreturnthewatchforafullrefundwithin30days答案D解析细节理解题。根据Yo

ursatisfactionis100%guaranteed部分的第一句“WeartheUrbanBluefor30days.Ifyou’renotconvincedthatyouachievedexcellenceforless，senditbackforarefund

oftheitemprice.”可知，佩戴这款表三十天，如果顾客不满意，仍可退全款。故选D。Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1.Themineinthatcitywasclosedbecauseitwasnoteconomic.有利可图的；

可赚钱的2.Heusedhisinfluentialfriendstohelphimgetintothecivilservicebythebackdoor.有势力的，有影响力的3.ItistypicalofJohnto

thinkabouthelpingothersinthisway.典型的，有代表性的4.It’spossibletoweldstainlesssteeltoordinarysteel.不生锈的5.Nowthathehasbecom

ePresident，manypeopleonceagainhavehopeforgenuinechangesinthesystem.真正的(二)同义词语替换6.Hearinghismotherwasillinhospital，hedrovedirectlytothehosp

ital.straight7.Iamconvincedthatheisinnocent.sure(三)一词多义8.settlementn.协议；解决；处理；移民；殖民；开拓；定居点(1)ChinaandtheUSAfailedtore

achasettlementinthetradewar.协议(2)Inthatrichareatherearemanysettlementsandtheagricultureisveryadvanced.定居

点(3)Europeansettlementbeganin1840whentheBritisharrived.定居(4)Yourdoingthiscan’thelpthesettlementoftheissue.解决，处理Ⅱ.长难句理

解9.Youneedanewwatch—theoneyouarewearingwasmadewhenNixonwasinoffice，butextravagantly-pricedwatchesthataddzerosjustbecauseofawel

l-knownnameareaninsulttoyourlogic.[句式分析]本句话的主干句为Youneedanewwatch，theone...awell-knownnameareaninsulttoyourlogic是watch的同位语；在这个

复杂的同位语中but连接的是两个并列句；在第一个分句中youarewearing是省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰one，在第二个分句中that又引导一个定语从句，修饰watches。[精美译文]你需要一块新手表——一块你现在戴着却制造

于尼克松时期的手表，但是仅仅是因为一个众所周知的名字而在价格后面增加了零的昂贵手表是对你的逻辑的侮辱。10.So，whilewe’rebusyrevolutionizingthewatchindustrytobr

ingyoumorerealvalue，youcantakeyourownstandagainstover-pricedwatcheswiththeUrbanBlue.[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，youcantak

eyourownstandagainstover-pricedwatcheswiththeUrbanBlue是主句，whilewe’rebusyrevolutionizingthewatchindustrytobringyoumorerealvalue是whi

le引导的让步状语从句，while相当于although/though，意为“尽管，虽然”。[精美译文]因此，尽管我们忙于改革手表工业来为您带来更多真正的价值，但是您可以采取自己的立场用UrbanBlue来反对过于昂贵的手表。强化练(十七)Ⅰ.单项填空1.Therepo

rtattheconferenceanalysesindetailwhyanewlegalisneededtobetterprotecttheenvironment.(2019·海安县高三期末)A.currencyB.frameworkC

.allowanceD.occupation答案B解析考查名词词义辨析。currency通货；framework框架；allowance津贴；occupation职业。句意为：会议上的报告详细分析了为什么需要一个新的法律框架来更好地保护环境。故B项正确。2.Beijingranksfir

sttheamountofresidents’readingamongallcitiesinChinathisyear，aswasannouncedindatareleasedonThursday.(2019·江苏江都、华罗庚等中学联考)A.inthewakeofB.inte

rmsofC.inrecognitionofD.inspiteof答案B解析考查介词短语辨析。inthewakeof作为……的后果，紧随……之后而来；intermsof就……而言，在……方面；inrecog

nitionof承认；inspiteof尽管。句意为：周四公布的数据显示，北京今年的居民阅读量在中国所有城市中排名第一。故B项正确。3.Amotherrecognizesthefeelofherchild’sskinwhe

nblindfolded.，shecaninstantlyidentifyherbaby’scry.A.SimilarlyB.MeanwhileC.NeverthelessD.Accordingly答案A解析考查副词。similarly相似地；meanwhile与此同时；n

evertheless然而；accordingly因此。句意为：母亲在蒙上眼睛时能识别自己孩子皮肤的感觉。同样地，她可以立即识别自己孩子的哭声。故选A。4.Facialrecognitiontechnologyisworkingw

ellattouristattractionsaroundChina，thetimepeoplespendstandinginlinesatentriesorsecuritycheck.(2019·苏锡常镇四市高三联

考)A.toreduceB.reducedC.havingreducedD.reducing答案D解析考查现在分词作结果状语。句意为：人脸识别技术在中国各地的旅游景点运行良好，减少了人们在入口处或安检处排队的时间。分析句子可知，reduce与其主语Facialrecognition

technology之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，故答案为D。5.Introverts(性格内向的人)，accordingtoSusanCain，tendtoenjoybeingalone，doingquieterthingsorbeingwithjusto

nefriendatatime.Shesaysthatistheygettheirenergy.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案C解析句意为：根据SusanCain所说，性格内向的人常常喜欢自己待着、做比较安静的事情或者一次只和一个朋友在一起。她说那是性格内向的人获得能量的

方式。why为什么；when当……的时候；how如何，在此处引导表语从句，表示方式；where在某个地方。故选C。6.atthebackoftheroomwasashygirlwithtwobigeyes.A.SatB.SitC.SeatingD.S

eated答案D解析本句是一个倒装句，seated为分词作表语。句意为：在房间的后面坐着一个害羞的女孩，她有两只大眼睛。故选D。7.Iftheycontinueabusingdrugs，intheenddruguserswillfindthemselvestr

appedinaprison______theycannotescape.A.towhichB.fromwhichC.bywhichD.inwhich答案B解析句意为：如果吸毒者继续滥用毒品，他们最终会发现他们

陷入一个他们无法逃脱的牢笼。先行词为prison，代入定语从句后为：Theycannotescapefromtheprison.应用fromwhich，故选B项。8.Beforerealestatecontrolpolicieswereintroduced，peo

plehopedthattheirincomeswouldbeincreasedtheriseinhousingprices.A.intouchwithB.inanticipationofC.inlinewithD.incombinationwith答案C解析句意为：在出台真正的房地产调控政策

之前，人们希望他们的收入能随着房价的上涨而增加。intouchwith和……保持联系；inanticipationof期待，预期；inlinewith和……一致；incombinationwith与……结合。结合句意可知，C选项符合题意。9.—Mum，doy

oumindifIinvitesomefriendstomybirthdayparty?—.Itwillbemoreinteresting.A.BynomeansB.Yes，ofcourseC.Don’tworryD.Nodoubt答案A解析Byno

means决不；Yes，ofcourse是的，当然；Don’tworry不要担心；Nodoubt不用怀疑。根据句意，A项正确。10.—Whotoldyouaboutit?—.Youonlyneedtoknowitistrue.A.I

t’syourcallB.NeveryoumindC.It’sanyone’sguessD.Youhavemyword答案B解析考查情景交际。句意为：——谁告诉你的啊？——别问了，你只需要知道这是真的。It’syourcall.这由你决定；Neveryoumi

nd.用不着你问，你不必管；It’sanyone’sguess.谁也说不准；Youhavemyword.我向你保证。根据“Youonlyneedtoknowitistrue.”可知选B项。Ⅱ.阅读理解AAnumberofcompanieshaveusedthewin

dandsuntoproduceenergy.Now，onecompanyisusingtheforceofflowingriversandoceancurrents.ThecompanyisbasedintheU.S.stateofMaine.Itiscall

edtheOceanRenewablePowerCompany，orORPC.Thecompanyrecentlypresentedthenewtechnologyatanenergyconferenc

enearWashington，D.C.ChristopherSauer，CEOandCo-creatorofORPC，saysthetechnologywasdesignedforsmall，ruralcommunitiesthatdonothaveeasyaccesstopowers

ources.TheORPCtechnologyisanenergygenerator(发电机)whichcanbeputunderwater，calledRivGen.Itworksinaseriesofsteps.First，thegeneratorisputinthemiddleofas

teelcage.Thecagegoesontopofawideboatwithaflatbottomcalledapontoon.Wheels—orturbines—areattachedtoeachsideofthegenerator.Oncethepont

oonboatisfixedtooneplace，itisfloodedwithwater.Thepontoon，cage，andgeneratorallsinktothebottomoftheriver.

There，therivercurrenttwirlsthewheelsandcreatesasmuchas50kilowattsofpower.CEOChristopherSauersaysthegeneratorisnotverytall，soitcanworkin

waterareasthatarenotverydeep.Othercompaniesarenotabletodoso，headds.And，Sauersays，theturbinesaresafefortheanimalsthatliveintheriv

er.“Atthepeakofsalmonseason，wehadalmosttwomillionfishpassbythisthingbutattheendofallofthat，wedidnothaveasinglefishinjuryaswekn

ew.”Sauernotesthatanotherfeatureofthetechnologyis“cross-flowturbines”.Theturbinescanmoveinthesamedirection，nomatte

rwhatwaythewaterisflowing.Sauersaystheturbines’shapepermitsthegeneratortoharvestpowerfromtidal(潮汐的)currentsintheocean.Thecomp

any’soceanturbineiscalledTidGen.Itcancreateupto600kilowattsofelectricity，enoughtopowerasmallsettlement.Rightnow

，theamountofpowerTidGencanharvestchangesasthestrengthofthetidegoesupanddown.ButORPCworkersaretryingtomakethepoweroutput

steady.Intime，theywantTidGenpowertobepartofthemainenergygrid(输电网).CEOChristopherSauersaysORPC’scurrentprice

isabout50centsperkilowatt-hour.ThatpricedoesnotmaketheORPCsystemcompetitivewithnaturalgas.However，forsmall，ruralcommuniti

es，diesel(柴油)energycancostmorethan$1perhour.Inthesesituations，energyfromflowingwatercouldbemoreeconomical.语篇解读本文是一篇说

明文。许多公司利用风和太阳来生产能源，但现在有一个公司正在利用河流和洋流的力量来生产能源。11.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“twirls”inPar

agraph3?A.Strikes.B.Turns.C.Pulls.D.Supports.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中介绍的发电机RivGen的工作原理可知，画线词所在句的含义是“在那里，河水水

流使机轮转动，产生多达50千瓦的电量”。由此可知，画线词的意思是“使旋转，使转动”，与turn的含义相近，故选B。12.HowistheORPCtechnologyunique?A.Itcanworkinshallowwater.B.Itiscomparativelycheaper.

C.Itdoesnoharmtoanimalslivinginthewater.D.Itcanchangethedirectionofwaterflowing.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“...thegeneratorisnot

verytall，soitcanworkinwaterareasthatarenotverydeep.Othercompaniesarenotabletodoso...”可知，ORPC技术的一个独特之处在于它能在浅水水域工作。故选A。13.WhatareORPCworkerstry

ingtodowithTidGen?A.Reduceitsoperatingcosts.B.Stabilizeitsenergyoutput.C.Improveitsworkingefficiency.

D.Widenitsrangeofapplications.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“...theamountof...ButORPCworkersaretryingtomakethepoweroutputsteady”可知，T

idGen目前的能源输出量还不稳定，ORPC的员工们正在设法稳定其能源输出量。故选B。14.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AdvantagesofGett

ingElectricityfromRiverandTidalCurrentsB.StepstoProduceEnergyfromFlowingRiversandOceanCurrentsC.ANewSolutiontoEnergyShort

ageinSmallandRuralCommunitiesD.NewTechnologytoHarvestEnergyfromRiverandTidalMovement答案D解析标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文重点讲述

美国一家公司开发了一种新技术，通过河流和海洋的水流运动来获取能源，故D项作本文标题最佳。B(2019·江苏七市高三二调)Weallhavedefiningmomentsinourlives—meaningfulexperiencestha

tstandoutinourmemory.Manyofthemoweagreatdealtochance：aluckyencounter(相遇)withsomeonewhobecomestheloveofyourlife

.Anewteacherwhospotsatalentyoudidn’tknowyouhad.Thesemomentsseemtobetheproductoffateorluck.Wecan’tcontrolthem.Butisthattrue？Notnecessarily.Defin

ingmomentsshapeourlives，butwedon’thavetowaitforthemtohappen.Wecanbetheauthorsofthem.Itispossibletocreatedefiningmomentsifweund

erstandmoreaboutthem.Ourresearchshowsthattheyallshareasetofcommonelements.Westartbyasking：whydowereme

mbercertainexperiencesandforgetothers？Inthecaseofbigdays，suchasweddings，theanswerisprettyclear—it’sacelebrationthatisgrandinscaleandrichinemotion.No

surprisethatit’smorememorablethanamathslesson.Butforotherexperiencesinlife—fromholidaystoworkprojects—it’snotso

clearwhywerememberwhatwedo.Consideranexperimentinwhichparticipantswereaskedtosubmerge(浸入)theirhandsfor60secondsinbucketsfilledwith14℃water.(Remember1

4℃waterfeelsmuchcolderthan14℃air.)Theywerethenaskedtosubmergetheirhandsfor90secondsinsteadof60seconds，butduringthefinal30seconds，thewat

erwarmedupto15℃.Theparticipantswerethengivenachoice：wouldyouratherrepeatthefirsttrialorthesecond?Psychologistshaveexpl

ainedthereasonsforthispuzzlingresult.Whenpeopleassessanexperience，theytendtoforgetorignoreitslength.Ins

tead，theyseemtoratetheexperiencebasedontwokeymoments：thebestorworstmoment，knownasthepeak，andtheending.Intheparticipants’m

emories，whatstoodoutforthemwasthatthelongertrialendedmorecomfortablythantheshorterone.Sowhenweassessourexperiences

，wedon’taverageourminute-by-minutefeelings.Rather，wetendtorememberflagshipmoments：thepeaks，thepits(低谷)andthetransitions.Whatw

edon’trememberarethebitsinbetween—sometimesthereislittletodistinguishoneweekfromthenext.Partlythisisbecausetheremaybeo

nlyadozenmomentsinyourlifethatshowwhoyouare—thosearebigdefiningmoments.Buttherearesmallerexperiences，too，inthecontextofamem

orableholiday，romanticdateorworkachievement.Onceweunderstandhowweremembercertainmomentsandwhy，wecanstarttocreatemoremomentsthatmatter.语篇解读本文为一篇

议论文。我们在生活中都有决定性的时刻——有意义的经历会在我们的记忆中脱颖而出，这些时刻似乎是命运或运气的产物，我们无法控制他们。但是一旦我们了解了我们是如何记住某些特定的时刻以及为什么能记住，我们就可以创造更多重要的时刻。15.Howd

oestheauthorunderstanddefiningmoments?A.Wecancreatedefiningmomentsinourlives.B.Definingmomentsarejustout

ofourcontrol.C.Nosimilaritiesexistbetweendefiningmoments.D.Definingmomentsconsistofsmallerexperiences.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句“Definingmomentsshape

ourlives，butwedon’thavetowaitforthemtohappen.Wecanbetheauthorsofthem.”可知，我们可以在生活中创造决定性的时刻。故A选项正确。16.Wecanlearnfromtheexperimentthat.A.thestrikingmo

mentsaremorelikelytoberememberedB.thelengthofanexperiencedeterminesourmemoryofitC.itismeaningfultodistinguishth

ebitsinbetweenflagshipmomentsD.allthecomponentsofanexperienceshouldbeequallyremembered答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“Insteadtheyseemtora

tetheexperiencebasedontwokeymoments：thebestorworstmoment，knownasthepeak，andtheending.”可知，那些引人注目的时刻更容易被记住。同义替换将peak替换为striking。故A选项正确。17.Whatwou

ldprobablybediscussedinthefollowingpartofthetext?A.Whattoprepareforlife’strials.B.Whytocreatedefiningmoments.C.Whomtooweourgoodfate

sto.D.Howtocreatelife’sbigmoments.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Onceweunderstandhowweremembercertainmomentsandwhy，wecanstartt

ocreatemoremomentsthatmatter.”可知，接下来就应该要说怎么做了，即Howtocreatelife’sbigmoments。故D选项正确。Ⅲ.完形填空(2019·海安市高三期中)Thefollowin

gstorytookplacelongagoinIsrael.Onedaywhengovernmentofficialswererebuildingabarn，theyfoundamouseholeandusedsmoketo18themice

insidetheholetocomeout.Laterthey19sawmicerunningout.Then，everyonethoughtallthemicehadescaped.However，theywereabouttocleanup20theysawtw

omice21outofthehole.Aftersomeendeavor，themicefinallygotout.Thestrangethinghappened：aftercomingoutofthehole，theydidn’tr

unaway22ratherthanchasedafteronebyoneneartheexitofthehole.Itseemedthatonewastryingtobitethe23oftheother.Everyonewaspuzzled，sotheystepped24totake

alook.Theyrealizedoneofthemicewasblindandtheotheronewastryingtoallowtheblindmousetobitehimtoescape.Afterwitnessingwh

athappened，everyonewas25andlostin26.Duringmealtime，thegroupofpeoplestartedtochataboutwhathappenedtothetwomice.OneseriousRomeofficial

said：“Ithinkthosetwomicewerea(n)27andaminister.”Theothersthoughtforawhileandsaid：“Thatwaswhy！”AsmartIsra

elisaid：“Ithinktherelationshipbetweenthosetwomicewas28ofhusbandandwife.”Allfeltit29.AChinese，whowas30toth

efirmtraditionof31toparents，said：“Ithinktheyweremotherandson.”Onceagaintheothersfeltthiswasmorereasonable.Atthatmoment，one32

Samaritanwhowassquattedonthegroundrestinghischininhispalms，heglimpsedatotherpeople，andasked：“Whydidthosetwomicehavetohavea33relationship？”Suddenly，

theatmosphere34.Stupefied，thegrouplookedbackattheSamaritanand35speechless.TheRomeofficial，theIsraeliandtheChinesewhohadspokenearlierallloweredthei

rheadsin36，anddidnotdaretorespond.Infact，thetrueloveisnotestablishedonbenefit，friendshipandloyaltyor37relationship.Instead

，itisbasedonnorelationship.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。两只老鼠结伴而逃，因为一只是瞎子，另一只就让它咬住自己的尾巴为它引路，二者的关系引发了人们的议论。18.A.harmB.forceC.pullD.struggle答案B解析根据语境及

常识可以推测人们是用烟熏，强迫老鼠从洞里逃跑。故B选项切题。19.A.indeedB.merelyC.fortunatelyD.absolutely答案A解析句意为：后来，他们的确把老鼠都逼出来了。根据语境可知，A选项切题。20.A.asB.whileC.

whenD.before答案C解析句意为：然而，他们正要清理时，却看到两只老鼠挤了出来。beabouttodosth.when...正要做某事这时突然……。故C选项切题。21.A.squeezingB.removingC.thrillingD.wrestling答案A解析由“Aft

ersomeendeavor，themicefinallygotout.”可知，经过一番努力，老鼠终于出来了。所以判断老鼠是挤着出来的。故A选项切题。22.A.immediatelyB.casuallyC.calmlyD.ex

citedly答案A解析由下文可知，其中一只老鼠是瞎子，它咬着另一只老鼠的尾巴(tail)出来的，所以出洞口时没有立即(immediately)跑。故A选项切题。23.A.earB.handC.legD.tail答案D解析参考上题解析。24.A

.behindB.closerC.backD.aside答案B解析由空前的每个人都困惑可知，此处指他们走近看了看。故B选项切题。25.A.horribleB.speechlessC.clumsyD.fragile答案B解析句意为：目睹了这一切之后，每个人都说

不出话来，陷入了沉思。根据句意可知，B选项切题。26.A.thoughtB.ideaC.thinkingD.view答案A解析句意参考上题解析。belostinthought陷入沉思。由前文的“speechless说不出

话的”可知，A选项切题。27.A.priestB.stewardC.civilianD.emperor答案D解析句意为：……我认为那两只老鼠是皇帝和大臣。这些人开始猜测两只老鼠之间的关系。所以由“aminister”判断出此处是皇帝和大臣的关系。

故D选项切题。28.A.whatB.thoseC.thatD.which答案C解析句意为：……我认为那两只老鼠的关系是夫妻关系。that指代前面提到的“therelationship”，同名异物，故C选项切题。

29.A.madedifferenceB.madeclearC.madesenseD.maketrials答案C解析makedifference有差别；makeclear阐明；makesense有意义，有道理；maketrials试验。由下文“Onceagaintheothers

feltthiswasmorereasonable.”可知，空处指所有人都觉得这有道理。故C选项切题。30.A.willingB.accustomedC.sacredD.conventional答案B解析句意为：

一个习惯了忠诚于父母这一传统的中国人说：“我认为他们是母子关系。”beaccustomedtosth.习惯于某事，其中to为介词。根据常识可知，中国传统文化以孝为先。故B选项切题。31.A.loyaltyB.occupationC.burdenD.privi

lege答案A解析参考上题解析。loyalty忠诚，忠实。32.A.warm-mindedB.strong-mindedC.stubborn-mindedD.pure-minded答案D解析由提出的问题“Whydidthosetwomicehavetohavea...relationship？”可

知，这个提出问题的撒玛利亚人心地纯洁。故D选项切题。33.A.certainB.delicateC.primitiveD.complex答案A解析句意参见上题解析。根据后面内容可推知，A选项切题。34

.A.hottedB.frozenC.boomedD.drained答案B解析由下文的“speechless”可知，突然间鸦雀无声了，空气好像凝住(freeze)了。B选项切题。35.A.pretendedB.stoppedC.remainedD.bega

n答案C解析句意为：这群人惊呆了，回头看着撒玛利亚人，说不出话来。心地纯洁的撒玛利亚人提出“为什么两只老鼠之间一定有关系呢？”这个问题时让在场的人都陷入了沉思，所以这时的气氛是凝重的。remain为半系动词，后接形容词作表语。故C选

项切题。36.A.honorB.fearC.tearsD.shame答案D解析句意为：罗马官员、以色列人和早些时候发言的中国人都羞愧地低下头，不敢回应。上文提到了所有人都陷入沉思，想想刚才的评论认为两只老鼠一定有

某种关系，这时感觉有些难堪，所以羞愧地将头都低下了。故D选项切题。37.A.bloodB.closeC.distantD.protected答案A解析本句是对前几个人所说的两个老鼠之间关系的总结。中国人说两个老鼠之间的关系为母

子关系，所以认为它们是有血缘关系的。故A选项切题。