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备课资料TheSpringFestivalTheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeopleandiswhenallfamilymembersgettogether,justli

keChristmasintheWest.Allpeoplelivingawayfromhomegoback,becomingthebusiesttimefortransportationsystemsofabouthalfamon

thfromtheSpringFestival.Airports,railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturnees.TheSpringFestivalfallsont

he1stdayofthe1stlunarmonth,oftenonemonthlaterthantheGregoriancalendar.ItoriginatedintheShangDynasty(1600BC-1100BC)fromthe

people’ssacrificetogodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone.Strictlyspeaking,theSpringFesti

valstartseveryyearintheearlydaysofthe12thlunarmonthandwilllasttillthemid1stlunarmonthofthenextyear.Ofthem,themostimportantdaysareSpringFestivalEv

eandthefirstthreedays.TheChinesegovernmentnowstipulatespeoplehavesevendaysofffortheChineseLunarNewYear.ManycustomsaccompanytheSpringFestival.Some

arestillfollowedtoday,butothershaveweakened.Onthe8thdayofthe12thlunarmonth,manyfamiliesmakelabaporridge,adel

iciouskindofporridgemadewithglutinousrice,millet,seedsofJob’stears,jujubeberries,lotusseeds,beans,longanandgingko.The23rdd

ayofthe12thlunarmonthiscalledthePreliminaryEve.Atthistime,peopleoffersacrificetothekitchengod.Nowhowever,mostfamiliesmakedeliciousfoodtoenjoy

themselves.AfterthePreliminaryEve,peoplebeginpreparingforthecomingNewYear.Thisiscalled“SeeingtheNewYearin”.Storeownersarebusythenaseverybo

dygoesouttopurchasenecessitiesfortheNewYear.Materialsnotonlyincludeedibleoil,rice,flour,chicken,duck,fishan

dmeat,butalsofruit,candiesandkindsofnuts.What’smore,variousdecorations,newclothesandshoesforthechildrenaswellasgiftsforth

eelderly,friendsandrelatives,areallonthelistofpurchasing.BeforetheNewYearcomes,thepeoplecompletelycleantheindoorsandoutdoorsoftheirhomesaswellasthe

irclothes,bedclothesandalltheirutensils.Thenpeoplebegindecoratingtheircleanroomsfeaturinganatmosphereofrejoicinga

ndfestivity.AllthedoorpanelswillbepastedwithSpringFestivalcouplets,highlightingChinesecalligraphywithblackcharactersonredpaper.Thec

ontentvariesfromhouseowners’wishesforabrightfuturetogoodluckfortheNewYear.Also,picturesofthegodofdoorsandwealthwillbepostedonfrontdoorstowardoffevils

piritsandwelcomepeaceandabundance.TheChinesecharacter“fu”(meaningblessingorhappiness)isamust.Thecharacterputonpape

rcanbepastednormallyorupsidedown,forinChinesethe“reversedfu”ishomophonicwith“fucomes”,bothbeingpronouncedas“fudaole”.

What’smore,twobigredlanternscanberaisedonbothsidesofthefrontdoor.Redpaper-cuttingscanbeseenonwindowglassandbrightlycoloredNewYearpainti

ngswithauspiciousmeaningsmaybeputonthewall.PeopleattachgreatimportancetotheSpringFestivalEve.Atthattime,allfami

lymemberseatdinnertogether.Themealismoreluxuriousthanusual.Dishessuchaschicken,fishandbeancurdcannotbeexcluded,forinChinese,theirpronunciations,respe

ctively“ji”,“yu”and“doufu”meanauspiciousness,abundanceandrichness.Afterthedinner,thewholefamilywillsittogether,chatt

ingandwatchingTV.Inrecentyears,theSpringFestivalPartybroadcastonChinaCentralTelevisionStation(CCTV)isessentialente

rtainmentfortheChinesebothathomeandabroad.Accordingtothecustom,eachfamilywillstayuptoseetheNewYearin.WakingupontheNewYe

ar,everybodydressesup.Firsttheyextendgreetingstotheirparents.TheneachchildwillgetmoneyasaNewYeargift,wrappedupi

nredpaper.PeopleinnorthernChinawilleatjiaozi,ordumplings,forbreakfast,astheythink“jiaozi”insoundmeans“biddingfarewelltotheolda

ndusheringinthenew”.Also,theshapeofthedumplingislikegoldingotfromancientChina.Sopeopleeatthemandwishformoneyandtreasure.Southern

Chineseeatniangao(NewYearcakemadeofglutinousriceflour)onthisoccasion,becauseasahomophone,niangaomeans“higherandhigher,oneyearafteranother”.T

hefirstfivedaysaftertheSpringFestivalareagoodtimeforrelatives,friends,andclassmatesaswellascolleaguestoexchangegreetings,gi

ftsandchatleisurely.BurningfireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomontheSpringFestival.Peoplethoughtthesplutteringsoundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspir

its.However,suchanactivitywascompletelyorpartiallyforbiddeninbigcitiesoncethegovernmenttooksecurity,noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsider

ation.Asareplacement,somebuytapeswithfirecrackersoundstolistento,somebreaklittleballoonstogetthesoundtoo,whileother

sbuyfirecrackerhandicraftstohanginthelivingroom.Thelivelyatmospherenotonlyfillseveryhousehold,butpermeatestostreetsand

lanes.Aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondancing,dragonlanterndancing,lanternfestivalsandtemplefairswillbeheldfordays.TheSpringFestivalt

hencomestoanendwhentheLanternFestivalisfinished.