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备课资料TheSpringFestivalTheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeopleandiswhenallfamilyme

mbersgettogether,justlikeChristmasintheWest.Allpeoplelivingawayfromhomegoback,becomingthebusiesttimefortransportationsystemsofabouthalf

amonthfromtheSpringFestival.Airports,railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturnees.TheSpringFestivalfallsonthe1stdayofthe1s

tlunarmonth,oftenonemonthlaterthantheGregoriancalendar.ItoriginatedintheShangDynasty(1600BC-1100BC)fromthepeople’ssa

crificetogodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone.Strictlyspeaking,theSpringFestivalstartseveryyearintheea

rlydaysofthe12thlunarmonthandwilllasttillthemid1stlunarmonthofthenextyear.Ofthem,themostimportantdaysareSpringFestivalEveand

thefirstthreedays.TheChinesegovernmentnowstipulatespeoplehavesevendaysofffortheChineseLunarNewYear.Manycustomsacco

mpanytheSpringFestival.Somearestillfollowedtoday,butothershaveweakened.Onthe8thdayofthe12thlunarmonth,manyfamiliesma

kelabaporridge,adeliciouskindofporridgemadewithglutinousrice,millet,seedsofJob’stears,jujubeberries,lot

usseeds,beans,longanandgingko.The23rddayofthe12thlunarmonthiscalledthePreliminaryEve.Atthistime,peopleoffersacrificetothekitchengod.Nowhowever,mostfa

miliesmakedeliciousfoodtoenjoythemselves.AfterthePreliminaryEve,peoplebeginpreparingforthecomingNewYea

r.Thisiscalled“SeeingtheNewYearin”.StoreownersarebusythenaseverybodygoesouttopurchasenecessitiesfortheNewYear

.Materialsnotonlyincludeedibleoil,rice,flour,chicken,duck,fishandmeat,butalsofruit,candiesandkindsofnuts.What’smore

,variousdecorations,newclothesandshoesforthechildrenaswellasgiftsfortheelderly,friendsandrelatives,areallonthelisto

fpurchasing.BeforetheNewYearcomes,thepeoplecompletelycleantheindoorsandoutdoorsoftheirhomesaswellastheirclo

thes,bedclothesandalltheirutensils.Thenpeoplebegindecoratingtheircleanroomsfeaturinganatmosphereofrejoicingandfestiv

ity.AllthedoorpanelswillbepastedwithSpringFestivalcouplets,highlightingChinesecalligraphywithblackcharactersonredpaper.Thecon

tentvariesfromhouseowners’wishesforabrightfuturetogoodluckfortheNewYear.Also,picturesofthegodofdoorsandwealthwillbeposte

donfrontdoorstowardoffevilspiritsandwelcomepeaceandabundance.TheChinesecharacter“fu”(meaningblessingorhappines

s)isamust.Thecharacterputonpapercanbepastednormallyorupsidedown,forinChinesethe“reversedfu”ishomophonicwith

“fucomes”,bothbeingpronouncedas“fudaole”.What’smore,twobigredlanternscanberaisedonbothsidesofthefrontdoor.Redpaper-cuttingscanbeseenonwindowgla

ssandbrightlycoloredNewYearpaintingswithauspiciousmeaningsmaybeputonthewall.PeopleattachgreatimportancetotheSpringFest

ivalEve.Atthattime,allfamilymemberseatdinnertogether.Themealismoreluxuriousthanusual.Dishessuchaschicken,fishandbeancurdcannotbeexc

luded,forinChinese,theirpronunciations,respectively“ji”,“yu”and“doufu”meanauspiciousness,abundanceandrichness.Aftert

hedinner,thewholefamilywillsittogether,chattingandwatchingTV.Inrecentyears,theSpringFestivalPartybroadcastonChinaCentralTelevisionSta

tion(CCTV)isessentialentertainmentfortheChinesebothathomeandabroad.Accordingtothecustom,eachfamilywillstayuptoseetheNewYearin.WakingupontheNewY

ear,everybodydressesup.Firsttheyextendgreetingstotheirparents.TheneachchildwillgetmoneyasaNewYeargift,wrappedupinredpaper

.PeopleinnorthernChinawilleatjiaozi,ordumplings,forbreakfast,astheythink“jiaozi”insoundmeans“biddingf

arewelltotheoldandusheringinthenew”.Also,theshapeofthedumplingislikegoldingotfromancientChina.Sopeoplee

atthemandwishformoneyandtreasure.SouthernChineseeatniangao(NewYearcakemadeofglutinousriceflour)onthisoccasion,becauseasahomophone

,niangaomeans“higherandhigher,oneyearafteranother”.ThefirstfivedaysaftertheSpringFestivalareagoodtimeforrelatives,friends,andclassmatesaswellasc

olleaguestoexchangegreetings,giftsandchatleisurely.BurningfireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomontheSpringFesti

val.Peoplethoughtthesplutteringsoundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspirits.However,suchanactivitywascompletelyorpartiallyfor

biddeninbigcitiesoncethegovernmenttooksecurity,noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsideration.Asareplacement,somebuytapesw

ithfirecrackersoundstolistento,somebreaklittleballoonstogetthesoundtoo,whileothersbuyfirecrackerhandi

craftstohanginthelivingroom.Thelivelyatmospherenotonlyfillseveryhousehold,butpermeatestostreetsandlanes.Aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondancing,drago

nlanterndancing,lanternfestivalsandtemplefairswillbeheldfordays.TheSpringFestivalthencomestoanendwhent

heLanternFestivalisfinished.