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SectionBGrammarandusage&Integratedskills必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Someofthe(职业的)collegeteachersareskilledtechniciansfromcompanies.

答案vocational2.Youwillbeaskedtofillinaformwithdetailsofyourbirthand(职业).答案occupation3.Firstly,withagoodcommandofEnglish,I’mquit

e(合格的)forthejob.答案qualified4.Unfortunately,thereislittle(前景;可能性)ofseeingthesebigquestionsanswered.答案prospect5.Doctorshavetoconstantlyupdatetheirk

nowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional(能力).答案competence6.Inthismoderncity,thereareexcellentfacilitiesforsportand(娱乐).答案recreation7.(数据)sh

owthatfarmorepeopleareabletorideabicyclethandriveacar.答案Statistics8.Todothesurvey,weaskeda(随机的)sampleofpeoplewhattheythought.答案random

Ⅱ.完成句子1.交益友与选择好书对我们同样重要。Associatingwithgoodfriendsistousthanchoosinggoodbooks.答案nolessimportant2.他把注意力集中在家庭作业上,把我告诉他的事全忘

了。Withhisattention,heforgotallaboutwhatIhadtoldhim.答案focusedonhishomework3.简是个安静的女孩,她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。Janeisaquietgirl,whopreferstostayi

nthelibrarytoseeamovie.答案ratherthango4.如果你在一个大家庭中长大,你更有可能培养出与他人和睦相处的能力。Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,youaretheabilitytogetonwellwitho

thers.答案morelikelytodevelop5.煤和石油这类燃料能造成大量的污染,这是肯定的。fuelslikecoalandoilcausealotofpollution.答案Itiscertainthat6.图书馆收藏有许多未出版的文件资料,都和你的课题有关。Thel

ibraryhouseslotsofunpublisheddocumentsthatyourtopic.答案arerelevantto7.我很感激你对如何学习英语的建议。IamgratefultoyouforyouradviceonEnglish.答案howtostudy关键能力

提升练Ⅲ.七选五主题语境:人与自我语篇类型:说明文(2021·山东泰安高二期末)Manystudentsstudywithlittlethoughtaboutwhatcomesaftertheirstudysession.1.Nowwewillexploreso

meno-costwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning.2.Perhapstheylookattheirphoneorcomputer.Theymightevenplaya

videogameorwatchtelevision.Butresearchsuggeststhatrestingafteryoustudymayhelpyourememberwhatyoustudies.AstudypublishedinthejournalPLOSOneexami

nedhowwellolderpeoplewhowereingoodhealthcouldremembercertainwords.Intwodifferentexperiments,researchersfoundthatolderadultswhorestedfor10minutesafter

learningnewwordshadbettermemoryofthosewords.“Aperiodofwakefulrestimmediatelyafternewlearningincreasesfreerecallofverbalmaterial,”theresearc

herswrote.3.Inadditiontowakefulrest,sleepisalsoimportantforlearning.AreportonthewebsiteofHarvardMedicalSchoolexplainstha

tapersonlackingsleepcannotfocusattentionandthereforecannotlearnefficiently.4.Thatisessentialforlearningnewinformation.RobertSti

ckgoldisadoctorandsleepexpertatHarvardMedicalSchool.“5,”hesaid.“Whenwefirstformmemories,they’reinaveryrawandfragileform.Sleepisimport

antforformingmemories.”Stickgoldsuggestedthatadultsbetweentheagesof18and64getbetween7and9hoursofsleepperday.Teenage

rsmayneedslightlymore,andpeopleovertheageof65mayneedalittleless.A.NewmemoriescanbehardtokeepB.Theresultswerestrongevenafters

evendaysC.ButwhatyoudoafterstudyingcouldhaveaneffectonhowwellyoulearnD.Nowyouhavetwosuggestionsforhowtolearnnewinforma

tionE.ManystudentsoftengostraighttoanotheractivityafterfinishingstudyF.Byreducingyouractivityafterstudy,you

rbraingetsachancetorestG.Italsosayssleepitselfhasaroleinstrengtheningmemory答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种在学习之余巩固学习成果的方法:清醒的休息和睡眠。1.C根据上文“Man

ystudentsstudywithlittlethoughtaboutwhatcomesaftertheirstudysession.”和下文“Nowwewillexploresomeno-costwaysthatcanhelpyoui

mproveyourlearning.”可知,设空处承上启下,提出了关于学生课后做什么能对学习产生积极影响的问题。C项“但是,学习后做什么会影响你的学习效果”符合文意,选项中的“afterstudying”对应上文的“a

ftertheirstudysession”。2.E根据下文的“Perhapstheylookattheirphoneorcomputer.Theymightevenplayavideogameorwatchtelevision.”可知,设空处提到了大部分

学生学习之后所做的事情。E项“许多学生学习之后经常直接去做另外的事情”符合文意,下文所提到的“lookattheirphoneorcomputer”及“playavideogameorwatchtelevision”是对该句“anotheractivity”的具体说明。3.B该项设于

段尾,与前文存在递进关系。根据上文“‘Aperiodofwakefulrestimmediatelyafternewlearningincreasesfreerecallofverbalmaterial,’theresearcherswro

te.”可知,设空处提到长时间坚持,效果越好。B项“效果甚至在七天后会更好”符合文意。4.G根据上文“AreportonthewebsiteofHarvardMedicalSchoolexplainsthatapersonlackingsleepcannotf

ocusattentionandthereforecannotlearnefficiently.”可推知,设空处陈述了该报道的其他发现。G项“它还指出,睡眠本身在加强记忆力方面有重要作用”符合文意,选项中的it指代上文中的“

areport”。5.A根据下文“Whenwefirstformmemories,they’reinaveryrawandfragileform.”可知,设空处提到了新的记忆很难保持,而后文解释难以保持的原因。A项“新的记忆很难保持”符合文意,选项中的“

newmemories”对应下文的“firstformmemories”。Ⅳ.完形填空主题语境:人与自我语篇类型:记叙文(2021·山东济宁高二期末)Afewyearsago,Iwasattheclinicwithmyfather,whowassittingi

nthewaitingroomforaroutinetest.Anelderlywomanarrivedand1herselfdirectlyacrossfrommydad.Time2terriblyaswewaited.ThewomanbegansingingMyHeartWillGo

On—TheTitanicthemesong.Iwas3abouthowmydadwouldreacttoit.Hehadbeen4fromAlzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默病)forseveralyears.SinceAlzheimer’shada5t

omakepeopleimpatientandbad-tempered,Icouldn’thelpbutthinkthattheelderlywomanwas6fire.Atthebeginning,thesingingwentgently.Iglancedov

erathis7.Asexpected,hewasstaringrightather.Icouldn’t8hisexpressioninitially,butit9tobesomethinglikeconfusion(困惑).Hersinging10go

tlouder,everycornerofthewaitingroomringingwithhervoice.NowDadlookedalittleastonished.Still,Iwatched11,readyto

actforany12ofmyfather’sannoyedoutburst.However,hewasstartingtolookabitentertained.Hisface13,andthetensioneasedinhisforehe

ad.Whenhersong14,thewords“Thatwasbeautiful”escapedmydad’slips.Forsomanyyears,mydadhadbeenlostsomewheredeepinhisownmind,nosmile,noacknowledgmentofan

ykind.Butrightnow,thewomanreally15mydad’sday.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲患有阿尔茨海默病,有一次,作者和父亲到诊所的候诊室做常规检查,一位女士所唱的《泰坦尼克号》

电影的主题曲《我心永恒》让父亲很开心。1.A.appliedB.buriedC.seatedD.enjoyed答案C解析根据上文“whowassittinginthewaitingroomforarouti

netest”可知,这位妇女坐在(seated)作者父亲的对面。seat和sit为同义复现。2.A.draggedB.flewC.slippedD.wasted答案A解析drag“拖”;fly“飞”;slip“滑倒”;waste“浪费”。根据下文“aswewaited

”可知,时间拖(dragged)了很久。3.A.enthusiasticB.embarrassedC.puzzledD.concerned答案D解析根据下文“tomakepeopleimpatientandbad-tempered”可知,作者的父亲因为患阿尔茨海默病而脾

气暴躁,所以作者很担心(concerned)他。4.A.sufferingB.recoveringC.learningD.escaping答案A解析根据下文“Alzheimer’sforseveralyears”可知,作者父亲患有(suffering)阿尔茨海默病。5.

A.standardB.backgroundC.tendencyD.reward答案C解析根据上文可知,阿尔茨海默病容易使人失去耐心和脾气暴躁。haveatendencytodosth“倾向于做某事”。6.A.puttingoutB.dancingtoC.playin

gwithD.addingto答案C解析因为担心患有阿尔茨海默病的父亲脾气爆发,所以作者认为这位老妇人是在玩(playingwith)火。7.A.appearanceB.responseC.presen

ceD.shadow答案B解析根据下文“Asexpected,hewasstaringrightather.”可知,作者在观察父亲的反应(response)。8.A.observeB.copyC.hideD.read答案D解析根据下文“butittobesomethinglikeconfusi

on”可知,作者无法读懂(read)父亲的表情。9.A.usedB.seemedC.happenedD.pretended答案B解析根据下文“somethinglikeconfusion”可知,作者父亲的表情看起来(seemed)很困惑。10.A.graduallyB.frequent

lyC.consistentlyD.particularly答案A解析根据下文“everycornerofthewaitingroomringingwithhervoice”可知,老妇人的歌声渐渐(gradually)响亮起来

。11.A.impatientlyB.eagerlyC.uneasilyD.aimlessly答案C解析因为担心患有阿尔茨海默病的父亲脾气爆发,所以作者局促不安地(uneasily)看着父亲。12.A.doubtB.controlC.announcemen

tD.sign答案D解析作者观察父亲生气爆发的任何迹象(sign),随时准备采取行动。13.A.softenedB.frozeC.fellD.reddened答案A解析soften“软化,变柔和”,freeze“冻结”;fall“倒下

”;redden“变红”。根据下文“andthetensioneasedinhisforehead”可知,作者父亲的脸变得柔和起来(softened)。14.A.spreadB.endedC.chan

gedD.repeated答案B解析根据下文“thewords‘Thatwasbeautiful’escapedmydad’slips”可知,作者的父亲在老妇人的歌声结束后(ended)发表评价。15.A.ruinedB.arrangedC.m

adeD.questioned答案C解析根据上文“Forsomanyyears,mydadhadbeenlostsomewheredeepinhisownmind,nosmile,noacknowledgmentofanykind.”和Bu

t可知,那个女人的歌声让(made)作者的父亲很开心。makeone’sday“让某人开心”。Ⅴ.语法填空主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,

e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,1.(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart

.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig2.untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirH

ansSloane,forexample,3.(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum4.openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepu

blic5.(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection6.(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseum

sarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagi

ne7.(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor8.(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity’sVikingsettlementisrecrea

ted,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical9.(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete10.people’ssp

aretimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍博物馆的由来、经营

与生存之道。1.wealthy考查形容词。此处使用形容词修饰后面的名词people,意为“家庭富裕的人们”。2.or考查连词。or表示选择。句意:收藏家等到家中藏品足够丰富或者他们死后,会将藏品捐赠给博物馆。

3.formed考查动词时态。根据句法分析,The80,000objects为句子的主语,再根据后面的时间状语判断,应使用一般过去时态。句意:汉斯·斯隆爵士所收藏的8万件藏品组成了大英博物馆的核心馆藏。4.w

hich/that考查定语从句。关系代词that或which指代前面的名词theBritishMuseum,并在定语从句中作主语。5.arecalled考查动词的时态和语态。此处叙述一般事实,主语核心名词Theparts与后面动词call之间构成被动关系,故用被动语态。6.is考查动词形式

。根据后一句“Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.”可知,此处用be动词的第三人称单数形式is。7.themselves考查代词。句意:来访者可以同电脑模拟互动,并想象他们自己生活在历史的不同时期……由此判断使用反身代词。8.

walking考查非谓语动词。由并列连词or判断,后面部分与livingatadifferenttimeinhistory形式一致,故使用walking。9.accuracy考查名词。前面的Historical为形容词,后面应使用名词作

主语。10.for考查介词。competefor...“为……而竞争”。句意:博物馆必须与其他娱乐方式为人们的业余时间和金钱而竞争。