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北京市第一0一中学2024-2025学年度统练4高三英语2024-10-15第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项

，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Olivia,9,wasshyatfirst.She’dneverbeenonahorsebefore.Sowhenshewasaskedtofeedcarrotstothere

ddish-brownhorsenamedCharlieonasummerSaturday,sheapproached____1____,unsureofherselfattimes,turningaroundtoagroupofchildrenwaitingforthei

rturntofeedhim.Oliviaeventuallymadeittothehorse’smouthandCharlielicked(舔)herhandsasshe____2____himhisfavoritetreat.Oliviawasamused.“That’

swhatIcalla(an)____3____,”saidSabrina,asocialworkerwhohasteamedupwiththecommunityorganizationAlkebu-lanVillagetohelpchild

renovercometheirproblemsandkeepthemonpathsto____4____.“I’mexcited,”Oliviasaidsmiling.“Ilovepettinghim.”Theprogram“StopHorsingAround

”atAlkebu-lanVillagewaslaunchedthissummerwithoveradozenkidssigningup.Theyweretaughthowtoapproach,feed,brush,andm

ountthehorses____5____eventuallytheygotachancetoridethem.By____6____theprogram’shorseswithSabrina’shelpandforming____7____withthem,childrenbecomem

oreself-awareandthenbegintorecognizeandfacenegativefeelingsandbehaviors,whichcanhelpthemcommunicatewithothersandleadtosignif

icantpositivechangestotheir____8____skills,self-worthandbehaviorissues.SabrinafirsttaughtthechildrenthatCha

rlieneededtobecome____9____withthembysmellingtheirhands.OnceCharliewascomfortable,thekidslearnedhowtopet

hisfaceandhead,andthenhowtousetheleadrope,cleanupCharlie’smesses,andfeedhimcarrots.Oliviawasn’ttheonlykidwhowasnervousandshyatthebeginning.B

utultimatelyOliviaalsowasn’ttheonlykidtoleavemoreconfident.Their____10____consistentlyturnedintosmiles,laughterandexcit

ement.1.A.happilyB.calmlyC.slowlyD.directly2.A.fedB.leftC.madeD.threw3.A.awardB.exchangeC.negotiationD.break

through4.A.fameB.successC.responsibilityD.freedom5.A.beforeB.afterC.asD.though6.A.takingoverB.walkingwithC.caringforD.respondingto7.A.routinesB.bo

ndsC.judgementsD.ideas8.A.technicalB.survivalC.organizationalD.social9.A.popularB.familiarC.satisfiedD.pati

ent10.A.resistanceB.disappointmentC.misunderstandingD.hesitation第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词

的正确形式填空。ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren’sabilitytolearn,newstudiessuggestinthelatestefforttoexaminetheeffectsoftelevisiononchildren.Oneof

thestudieslookedatnearly400northernCaliforniathird-graders.ThosewithTVsintheirbedroomsscoredabouteightpoints___11___(low)onmathandlanguagearts

teststhanchildren___12___bedroomTVs.Asecondstudy,___13___(look)atnearly1,000grown-upsinNewZealand,foundpoorereducatio

nlevelsamong26-year-oldswho___14___(watch)lotsofTVduringchildhood.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。First___15___(create)bySterlingMortonin1872,TreePlantingDaywassetinordertoinspirepeople’spa

ssionsforplantingandprotectingtrees,andtoprotectandimprovethenaturalenvironment___16___peopledependonfortheirliving.InFebruary,197

9,the5thNationalPeople’sCongressofPeople’sRepublicofChinamadearesolutionthatMarch12hwouldbetakenasChineseTreePlantingDay.Sincethen,about50

billiontrees___17___(plant)alloverChina.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thedinnerpartyisunderthreat

,announcedarecentlifestylecolumninTheTimes.Youmightwonder,“Howcanthisbe?Don’twethrowpartiesforfriendsonspecialocca

sions?”But___18___TheTimesworriesaboutisanotherkindofdisappearing.Itisusuallyhostedinone’shome.Invitations___19___(send)outwe

eksinadvanceandthehostspreparefood___20___(careful).Yetnowadays,peopleprefertoeattakeoutfoodontheirsofawhilejugglingamobilephoneandaremot

econtrol.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAgadgetwhichmakeswateroutofaircouldbeco

methegreatesthouseholdinventionsincethemicrowaveUsingthesametechnologyasadehumidifier(除湿器),theWaterMillisabletocreateareadysupplyofdrinkingwate

rbecauseitcanalwaysgetitfromanunlimitedsource—theair.Thecompanybehindthemachinesaysnotonlydoesitoffe

ranalternativetobottledwaterindevelopedcountries,butitisasolutionforthemillionswhofaceadailywatershorta

ge.Themachineworksbydrawinginwetairthroughafilterandoveracoolinginstrumentwhichchangesitintowaterdroplets.Itcanproduceupto12lite

rsaday.TheWaterMillwillalsoproducemorewaterwhenstormspassover,astheamountofwaterwhichiscontainedintheairincreases.Inkeepingwithitseco-developmen

t,themachineusesthesameamountofelectricityasthreelights.InventorJonathanRitcheysaid:“Thedemandforwaterisoffthecha

rt.Sopeoplearelookingforfreedomfromwaterdistributionsystemsthatareshakyandunreliable.”Themachine,whichisabout3feetwide,islike

lytocost£800whenitgoesonsalehereinthespring.Itsmaker,CanadianFirmElementFour,roughlycalculatesthatali

terofwatercostsaround20ptoproduce.Environmentalistsstatethathalftheworld’spopulationwillfacewatershortagebecau

seofclimatechangeby2080.Oneinfiveissaidtolackaccesstosafedrinking.TheWaterMillisnoteffectiveinareaswheretheamou

ntofwatercontainedintheairisbelowabout30percent,butinBritainthatwon'tbemuchofaproblem.21.WhowouldbemostlikelyinneedofThe

WaterMill?A.Ahouseholdwithhighelectricitybill.BResidentsinanareawithfrequentstorms.C.Apersonwhohasaccesstow

aterforfree.D.Someonewholacksenoughdrinkingwater.22.Whatdowelearnaboutthemachine?A.Itabsorbssteamandturnsitin

towater...B.Itisveryexpensiveforfamiliestoafford.C.Itworksinthesamewayasmicrowaves.D.Ithelpstomakethewatercleantodr

ink.23.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWaytoSolveWaterProblemB.ADehumidifiertoProduceWaterC.AMachinetoMakeWateroutofAirD.AnAbsol

utelyNewInventionBTwo-ManIronmanOnSept.17,2022,Jeffandhisson,Johnny,setouttobeginthefirstofthreelegsoftheIronmancompeti

tion,wherecompetitorsmustcompletea140milesofswimming,bicyclingandrunninginunder17hours.Notthatlongago,Johnnycouldbarelywalkafewstepsbeca

usehewasbornwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫).Buthisdreamofbeingarunnerneverstopped.FromthedayJohnnywasborn,Jeffrefusedtolethisson’sdi

sabilityholdhimback.DeterminedtoshowJohnnythathecouldpursuehisdreamofbeinganathlete,Jeffhelpedhimengageinrunning.Theybeganwakingupat4a.m.soJeffcould

runwhilepushinghissoninaspecialwheelchaircalledaracingchair.Everymorning,theydrovethemselvestorunincreasinglylongerdistances.Soon,they

wereentering5Kraces,thenontoIronmancompetition.JeffwouldactasJohnny’sarmsandlegs,carryingtheweightofhi

ssonthroughouttherace.Theracebeganwitha2.4-mileswim.SettlingJohnnyintoakayak,Jeffeasedhimselfintothewater.Swimmingwhiledragginganotherperson

wasverytough.Butworstofall,Jeffhadtostrugglewithjellyfish.“IoccupiedmymindbycountingthenumberoftimesIgo

tstung(蛰),”hesays.Afterthetwomencompletedthetoughbikesectioninroughlyninehours,theysettheirsightsonthefinallegoftherace—a26.2-m

ilemarathon.They’dbeencompetingfor10.5hours,leavinganother6.5hourstomaketheirtime.ButatMile19,Johnnysawth

eclocktickingdownandworriedtheywouldn’tmakethecutoff.Despitethetiredness,Jeffwasconvincedtheyweregoingallrightandthenp

ickedupthepace.Withminutesleftand200feettothefinishline,JeffstoppedtohelpJohnnyoutofhisracingchairandhandedhimhisrollingwalk

er.Afteryearsofpainstakingwork,Johnnywasdeterminedtofinishhisracesonhisown.After16hours,55minutesand35seconds,thefatherandsoncrossedthefinishline

together.AsthecrowdcheeredonanoverwhelmedJohnny,awearyJeffkeptalowprofle.“Myfatherdidn’twanthisfinishlinemoment,”saysJohnny,t

earsineyes.“Hewantedittobemine.”24.WhydidJeffleadJohnnytorunning?A.TogetclosertoJohnny.B.TofulfillJohnny’sdream.C.TodiscoverJohnny’sin

terest.D.TospeedupJohnny’srecovery.25.WhatchallengedJeffmostintheswimmingrace?A.Lackofenergy.B.Painfrominjuries.C.Mentalti

redness.D.Bodyweightchange.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohnnyaccordingtothepassage?AStrong-willedandgrateful.B.Warm-heartedandsensi

tive.C.Patientandgenerous.D.Toughandhumorous.27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Fathersare

notborn;theyaremade.C.Thevalueofalovingfatherhasnoprice.D.Successcomesfromfailuresalongthejourney.COfthemorethan3,000speciesofmosqui

toesintheworld,justasmallnumberspecializeinsuckinghumanblood.Howmosquitoestrackusdownsoeffectivelyisn’tcurrentlykn

own,butitmatters,sincetheycarrydangerousdiseaseswhichmaycausedeath.“Infact,stoppingtheseannoyinginsectsintheirtrackscouldsaveuptohalfamillionlives

losttothosediseaseseachyear,”saidCarolynGauff,aprofessorofecologyandevolutionarybiologyatthePrincetonNeuroscienceInstitute.That’swhyGau

ff’steamwantstounderstandhowtheyfindandtargethumans.Mosquitoesmostlychoosewhattobitebasedonodor(气味).Knowinghowapotentiallydisease-carryingmosqu

itofindsaperson,whileignoringotherwarm-bloodedanimals,isakeyquestion.Butit’snoteasytoanswer,sinceanyanimalsmellismadeupofhundredsofchemi

calsmixedtogetherinspecificpercentage.“Theactualchemicalsthatarefoundinhumanodorarebasicallythesameasthechem

icalsfoundinanimalodor—it’sthepercentagesandtherelativelargeamountofthosesubstancesinhumanmixturesthat’sunique,”saidGauff.Toinvestigate,res

earchersdecidedtorecordneuralactivityinthebrainofmosquitoeswhileexposingthemtonaturalhumanandanimalodorsamples.Theycollect

edodorsamplesfromabout40differentanimals.Whentheycomparedsomeofthosewiththe16humansamples,somethingjumpedout.

Decanalisparticularlyrichinhumanskin.Commoninthenaturalworld,inhumans,decanalcomesfromanother,morecomplexsubstance.Whenonecomponentofourskin’snatur

aloils,sapienicacid,breaksdown,decanalisleftover.Thisacidisonlyfoundinhumanbeings.It’swhatlikelyleadstothehighlevelsofdeca

nalthathelpthemosquitoessmelltheirwaytous..Understandingwhatthemosquitoesaretargetingisonlypartofthestory;knowinghowtheydoitisalso

important.Toseeexactlyhowmosquitoesusethissense,scientistsusedgeneticallymodified(转基因的)mosquitoessothattheycouldc

utopenmosquitoes’headsandwatchneuronsfiringwhenthey’reexposedtohumanandanimalodors.Theresearchteamalreadyknewthatmosquitoeshaveabou

t60differenttypesofneuronsthatsenseodors,sowhentheylookedintheinsects’brains,theythoughttheymightseealotofac

tivity.Butitwassurprisinglyquiet,meaningthatthesignalwasperhapsquitesimple,downtojustacoupletypesofneurons.“Onetypeofneuronrespondedreallystr

onglytobothhumansandanimals.Anothertypeofneuronrespondedtoboth—butitrespondedmuchmorestronglytohumanst

hananimals,”Gauffsaid.Howtokeepmosquitoes’decanalsignalfrombeingtransmittedwillbetheresearchteam’snextfocus.Gauffhopedtheircurrentworkcouldbeuse

dtomakemosquitokillersandattractantstopreventdisease.28.What’sthefinalpurposeoftheresearchconductedbyGauff’steam?A.Tos

tudywhyonlycertainmosquitoessuckhumanblood.B.Toinvestigatetheneuralactivityinmosquitoes’brains.C.Tohelppreventdeadlydiseasescaus

edbymosquitoes.D.Totesttheeffectivenessofmosquitokillers.29.Towhichsubstance(s)wouldmosquitoesmostlybeattracte

d?A.Naturaloilfromhumanskin.B.Chemicalsintheenvironment.C.Decanalgeneratedinhumanblood.D.Remainsofdecomposedsapienicacid.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthe

passage?AMostmosquitoneuronsarenotinvolvedinrespondingtohumanodor.B.Geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesarenotsensitivetohumanodor.C.Furtherresearch

willfocusonodorsignalandneuralconnection.D.Chemicalsfoundinhumanandanimalodorsarequitedifferent.DThestart-upthatattractedthelargestinvestmentintheh

istoryofcybersecurity,ofmorethanhalfabilliondollars,hasasimplegoal:apasswordlessfuture.Despitethespreadofpassword

managementsoftwarethatcangenerateandremembercomplicatedstringsofrandomcharacters,someofthemostcommonpasswordsarestill“12345”,“password”and“iloveyo

u”.Asaresult,.morethan80percentofhacksinvolvethesekindsofpasswords;andpasswordsremainthemostsought-afterdatabyhackers,aboveotherpersonal

orsensitiveinformation.Inmanycasesindividualsaretrickedintohandingoverpassworddetailsbyphishingemailsandothersocialen

gineeringtechniques.Hackershavesoughttobreakintoappsandstealentirepassworddatabasesaswell.Passwordsarealsounderattackfromnewtec

hnology,suchasautomatedprogramsthatcanrapidlytrytoguessthem,orcantrystolenpasswordsonmultipleonlineaccounts.

Sincetheneedtoreplacetheeasilyforgottenandhighlyhackablestringsoflettersandnumbersthatweusetoaccesseverydaylifehasbecome

evenmoreurgent,theracetoreplacethepasswordisunderway,withbiometric-based(基于生物识别的)securityemergingasoneo

fthemostsought-aftersolutions.AccordingtoTieo,aunionofmorethan250companies,whichpromotesastandardsystemofpasswordlessauthent

ication(身份验证),thevastmajorityofconsumerserviceswillofferpasswordlessloginsystemsinthenextcoupleofyears.“I

fdonecorrectlyandsafely,biometricsarereallyhelpingusmovetoapasswordlessfutureinarapidmanner,”saidAndrewJenkinson,CEOofTieo.Butt

herearestillrisksassociatedwiththeuseofbiometricauthentication.Unlikepasswords,biometricscannotbechanged.Thismeanssuchda

tamustbecloselyguardedforprivacypurposesandtopreventspoofing—hackerstryingtotrickcamerasorsensorswithphotos,ormasksoftheirvictim.“Bio

metricauthenticationandpasswordlessauthenticationhasitsownattacksurface,”saidPaulSmith,directorofsecur

ityresearchatCyberPek.Histeamrevealedthatithadfoundadesignproblemwhichwouldallowpotentialattackerstobypassfacialrecognitionloginb

yinjectingaspoofedphotoofauser’sfaceintotheprocess.Thebiggestobstaclestandinginthewayofthestart-upshopingtokillthepasswordishowtochangeye

arsofhabit.EricBrown,founderofTAKCyber,acyberresearchandadvisorycompany,arguedthatwhilesensitiveapplicationsmayrapidlyshiftfrompasswords,

otherwebsiteshavelessmotivationtoupdatetheirsystems.“You’llnevergetridofthem,”hesaid.“We’renevergoingtogettothepost

-passwordera.”31.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whypasswordsarethemostsought-afterdata.B.Howpasswordsarestolenbyphishingemails.C.Ho

wpasswordshavecausedustrouble.D.Whypasswordsaredifficulttosecure.32.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Facialrecog

nitionloginisthekeytofightinghackers.,B.Biometricauthenticationhasitsownsetofproblems.C.TAKCyber’sloginsystemguaranteesthesafetyofdata.

D.Spoofingbringsmoreproblemsthanautomatedprograms.33.WhatisEricBrown’sattitudetowardsapasswordlessfuture?A.Indifferent.B.Passionate.C

.Pessimistic.D.Objective.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Biometricauthentication:passwordsecuritysolution!B.

Start-upsracetowelcomeapasswordlessfutureC.TheargumenttoendpasswordshasbegunD.Killingthepassword:acureorafantasy?第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文

后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(E=A+B,F=A+C,G=A+D)ThePositiveEffectsofaPositiveAffectParentsoftenhavehighhopesforhowtheirchildre

nwillturnoutinadulthood,suchaswantingthemtobehealthy,tofeelsatisfiedwiththeircareer,andtohavestrongf

riendships.____35____Recentresearchsuggeststhatateen’saffect—especiallypositiveaffect—isonecriticalfactor.Whatexactlyisaffect?Aff

ectisthetendencytoexpresspositiveornegativeemotions,whichinturninfluenceshowweexperiencethingsanddeterminewhethertojudge

agivensituationaspositiveornegative.____36____Moreover,researchsuggeststhataperson’saffectisrelativelystableovertime,espec

iallybythetimeonereachesadulthood.Affectistypicallydescribedintermsofbeingeitherpositiveornegative,anditse

emsthatpositiveaffect,inparticular,isrelatedtoanumberofbeneficialoutcomesinadulthood.Insupportofthiscrucialrolethatpositi

veaffecthasindevelopment,astudybyresearchersattheUniversityofVirginiafollowedteenagersandyoungadultsfromages14to25,

allowingthemtounderstandthepredictivepowerofpositiveaffectacrossthecriticaldevelopmentalperiodfromadolescencetoyounga

dulthood.____37____Forexample,teenswithahigherpositiveaffectreportedhadastronger,healthierattachment

totheirfriends.____38____Positiveaffectalsopredictedincreasedself-worthandjobcompetence,suggestingthat,overall,positiv

eaffectseemstobeakeypredictorofyoungadultsuccessacrossseveralimportantareasoffunctioning.Butwhatabouttheeffectsofnegativeaffect?There

searchersalsoexaminedwhethernegativeaffectwouldpredictproblemsinyoungadulthood.____39____Thus,theimportanttakeawa

yisthatadolescentpositiveaffectmayhavepowerfullinkstoimportantlifeoutcomesinthedomainsofpersonalwell-being,ca

reer,andsocialrelationshipsuptoadecadelater.A.Affectiveresponsestoeventstypicallyhappenautomatically.B.Sohowcanparentshelptheirchildrengraspth

emeaningofpositiveaffect?C.Butwhatfactorshelpproducetheseoutcomesasteensmovefromadolescencetoadulthood?D.Interestingly,theresultssuggestedthatpos

itiveaffectmaygobeyondhelpingteensbuildpositiverelationships.E.Theresultsuncoveredthatnegativeaffectmightaccountformanylifeproblems

whenateenagerbecameayoungadult.F.Unlikepositiveaffect,havinggreaternegativeaffectdidnothaveanysignifica

ntassociationswithanyofthelaterlifeoutcomes.G.Thisstudyfoundthatpositiveaffectwasstronglypredictiveoflifeoutcomesinyoungadulthood,suchasdeveloping

betterfriendships.第三部分：书面表达(共20分)40.假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校外籍老师Jim计划不久回国，他想带回一份具有中国传统文化特色的礼物送给妈妈，写信向你咨询，请你给他回复邮件。内容包括：1.推荐礼物的名称及推荐理由；2.向他

家人表示祝愿并祝他旅途愉快。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua