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首师大附中2023-2024上学期高一12月阶段性质量检测英语学科试题第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒

钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Theywillhavebreakfastsoon.B.Theywillhavelunchwithoutwaitingforfather.C.Theywillhavelunc

hwhenthefatherisback.2.Whatcanweknowfromthedialogue?A.Thecakeissodeliciousthateverybodywillloveit.B.Thewomanwilltellthemanhowto

makethecake.C.Themanwillcookacakeforhischildren.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Nobodyobeysthetrafficrules.B.Somedriversd

on’tcaremuchaboutthetraffic.C.DriversliketakingU-turnsinthemiddleoftheroad.4.Wherearethespeakerslikelytobe?A.Atthemovie.B.Atthema

rket.C.Atthebeach.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第5至6小题。5.Whydidthemandecidetobuythesunglasses?A.Becausehelikedthecolorandthestyleverymuch.B.Becausethesu

nglasseswereonsale.C.Becausethesunglassessuithimwellandtherewasadiscount.6.Whatwastheoriginalpriceforthesunglasses?A.180yuan.B.270yuan.C.360yuan.听下面

一段对话，回答第7至8题。7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewillprobablybebusyinafewdays.B.She’stheman’ssecretary.C.She’saworkaholic.8.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhen

shehasnothingtodo?A.Stressed.B.Lazy.C.Uncomfortable.听下面一段对话，回答第9至10题。9.HowdidthewomanlearnChinese?A.SheoncewenttoJap

an.B.Shelearneditinschool.C.Shelearneditfromherfather.10.HowlonghasthewomanbeeninChina?A.For30years.B.For20years.C.For25years.听下面一段对话

，回答第11至12题。11.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Friends.12.Whydidthemanputhisf

eetonthewoman’stable?A.Becausehewantedtomakethetabledirty.B.Becausehefeltgoodwithhisfeetonthetable.C.Becaus

ehewantedtobuythetablewithalowprice.听下面一段独白，回答第13至14题。13Whyhavethefiresspreadsofast?A.Becauseofthedroughtconditions.B

.Becausetherearetoomanyplants.C.Becausefewpeoplearefightingthefire.14.Whatisthedriver’sattitudetowardputtingoutthefirequick

ly?A.Optimistic.B.Uninterested.C.Doubtful.第三节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分）听下面一段独白，完成第15至18四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。将答案填写在答

题纸相应的位置。TechniquestoimprovememoryTechniquesExamplesUseyourmemoryasmuchaspossibleTrytolearnsomethingnew

,becausethe15activitiescanstimulatethebrain.16focusingTakeanyobjectandthinkaboutitsvariouscharacteristics..RelaxTryholdingyour17fortenseconds,an

dthenreleaseitslowly.AssociateThinkaboutaspecialfeatureofaperson’sfaceandthen18withhisname.第二部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短

文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onlinegamersconstantlymakelifeanddeathdecisionsattheirkeyboards-butit’sjustagame.AT

exasgamerwasfacedwithareal-lifesituationandhelped___1___thelifeofafellowplayer-5,000milesaway.Aidan,i

nEngland,wasplayinganonlinegameinhisbedroomwhenhehadaseizure.Hisplayingpartner,Dia,inTexas,justputherheadsetonandheardwhatshecouldonlydescr

ibeasaseizure,soshestartedtoget___2___andaskedwhatwasgoingonandifhewasOK.Whenhedidn’trespond,she___3__

_startedtolookuptheemergencynumberintheUK.Whenthatdidn’twork,shejusthadtohopethenon-emergencynumberwouldwork.Ithadan___4___fortal

kingtoarealperson.Someoneansweredthecallandshehadtoforceherselfnotto___5___andtostaycalm.“Hi.I’m___6___intheUSandinacallwithmy

friend.”Diatoldtheoperator.“Hehadaseizureandhe’snotrespondinganymore.Idohavehis___7___.Noone’shomewithh

imrightnow,soI’mjusttryingtogethimsomehelp.”Actually,Aidan’sparentswerewatchingtelevisiondownstairsanddidnot___8___theirsonwasindangerun

tilthreepoliceofficersknockedattheirdoor.“WeareextremelythankfulforwhatDiadidand___9___thatwecouldbedownstairsandnotknowa

nythingwashappening,”Aidan’smothersaid.“Diahadouraddressbutdidn’thaveanycontactnumbers,soitwasamazingthatshe____10____togethelpfromsofar

away.I’vespokentoherandexpressedourthanks-she’sgladshecouldhelp.”1.A.spareB.enrichC.devoteD.save2.A.

threatenedB.trappedC.concernedD.annoyed3.A.eventuallyB.instantlyC.suddenlyD.especially4.A.optionB.orde

rC.arrangementD.action5.A.explodeB.complainC.panicD.quit6.A.accidentallyB.currentlyC.obviouslyD.frequently7.A.ageB.nameC.numberD.address8.

A.decideB.explainC.realizeD.judge9.A.relievedB.shockedC.puzzledD.bored10.A.managedB.learnedC.hopedD.promised【答案】1.D2.C3.B4

.A5.C6.B7.D8.C9.B10.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了一位英国游戏玩家突发癫痫，5000英里外的联机队友火速报警施救的故事。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位德克萨斯州的游戏玩家遇到了现实生活中的情况，他

帮助拯救了5000英里外的另一位玩家的生命。A.spare抽出；B.enrich丰富；C.devote致力于；D.save拯救、节省。根据最后一段中的“I’vespokentoherandexpressedourt

hanks-she’sgladshecouldhelp.”可知，这位游戏玩家拯救了另一个玩家的生命。故选D。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的搭档，德克萨斯州的迪亚，只是戴上了耳机，听到了一种声音，她只能将这种声

音描述为癫痫发作的声音，所以她开始担心，问他发生了什么事，他是否还好。A.threatened吓人的；B.trapped被困的；C.concerned担忧的；D.annoyed恼火的。根据下文“askedwhatwasgoingonand

ifhewasOK.”可知，Dia是在担忧她的搭档。故选C。【3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他没有回应时，她立即开始查找英国的紧急电话号码。A.eventually最后；B.instantly马上；C.suddenly突然；D.especially尤其。根据

下文“startedtolookuptheemergencynumberintheUK”可知，预料到另一个玩家有危险，Dia马上采取行动。故选B。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有与真人对话的选项。A.option选择；B.order命令；C.

arrangement安排；D.action行动。根据上文“shejusthadtohopethenon-emergencynumberwouldwork.”可知，这是可以与真人对话的选项。故选A。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人接了电话，她不得不强

迫自己不要惊慌，保持冷静。A.explode爆炸；B.complain抱怨；C.panic惊慌；D.quit退出。根据下文“andtostaycalm.”可知，在有人接电话后，Dia保持冷静不慌张。故选C。【6题详

解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“嗨。我现在在美国，正在和朋友打电话。”迪告诉接线员。A.accidentally意外地；B.currently目前地；C.obviously明显地；D.frequently频繁地。根据下

文“‘intheUSandinacallwithmyfriend.’Diatoldtheoperator.”可知，Dia告诉接线员，自己目前在美国。故选B。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有他的地址。A.age年龄；B.name名字；C.number数字；D.ad

dress地址。根据最后一段中的提示“Diahadouraddressbutdidn'thaveanycontactnumbers”可知，Dia知道游戏搭档家地址。故选D。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Aidan的父母当时正在楼下看电视，

直到三个警察敲了门，他们才意识到他们的儿子有危险。A.decide决定；B.explain解释；C.realize意识到；D.judge判断。根据最后一段中“wecouldbedownstairsandnotknowanythingwashappening,”可知，家长没有意识

到Aidan有危险。故选C。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Aidan的母亲说:“我们非常感谢迪亚所做的一切，也很震惊我们在楼下却不知道发生了什么。”A.relieved如释重负的；B.shocked惊讶的；C.puzzled

困惑的；D.bored无聊的。根据下文“wecouldbedownstairsandnotknowanythingwashappening,”可知，Aidan的父母在楼下都没有意识到自己的孩子有危险，所以他们对此感到很震惊。故选B。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意

：Dia有我们的地址，但没有任何联系电话，所以她能从这么远的地方得到帮助，真是令人惊讶。A.managed管理、设法做；B.learned得知、学习；C.hoped希望；D.promised答应。根据第二段中的“Whenthatdidn’twork,shejusthadtohop

ethenon-emergencynumberwouldwork.”可知，Dia在帮助Aiden的过程中，刚开始查英国的紧急号码，但没有用，她又找到非紧急号码，由此可知，Dia一直在想法来帮助Aiden，managetodo设

法做某事。故选A。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题15分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thereisoneroadthatspanstho

usandsofyears.Alongitaretheechoesofcamelbelts,____11____(connect)pastwithpresent.Crossingmountainsandseas,ther

oadunveilsapromisingtraderoutebetweentheEastandWest.Theroadfullyembracesthediversityofcivilizations.____12____

(propose)byChinain2013,theroadbelongstothewholeworldwithpeaceanddevelopmentasitsbeacon.It____13____(embody)principlesofextensiveconsultationa

ndjointcontributionforsharedbenefits.Eventuallyitleadstoavisionofhappinessandwell-beingforpeopleofallcountrie

s.Itisabondofcooperationaswellasfriendship.Itisnotonlyaroadoftrade,butalsoaroadofhappiness.【答案】11.connecting12.Pro

posed13.embodies【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了2013年，中国提出“一带一路”倡议，以和平与发展为指路明灯，“一带一路”属于全世界。它体现了共商共建共享的原则。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：驼

铃声声，联通古今。分析句子结构可知connect与逻辑主语echoes构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填connecting。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2013年，这条路中国提出属于世界，以和平与发展

为指路明灯。分析句子结构可知propose与逻辑主语theroad构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Proposed。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：它体现了共商共建共享的原则。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故

填embodies。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Researchersarestudyingtheunconsciousre

actionsthathappenwhenwemakeeyecontact.Theyhavefoundthatmakingeyecontactmakesuslessawareof____14____ishappeningaroundus.Webecomemo

refocusedonthepersonlookingatus.Eyecontactalsoincreasesbrainactivityandmakesusmoreself-conscious.Evenlookingatapainting____

15____appearstobemakingeyecontactcanalsoaffectareasofthebrainrelatedtothinkingaboutourselvesandotherpeople.Studieshavealsoshownt

hatitis____16____(hard)forpeopletoconcentratewhensomeoneislookingatthem.Thisformofeyecontactinterfereswithour____17____(imagine)andevenourwor

kingmemory.【答案】14.what15.that##which16.harder17.imagination【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员正在研究当我们进行眼神交流时发生的无意识反应。他们发现，眼神交流会让我们对周围发生的事情意识更少。【14题详解】考查宾语

从句。句意：他们发现，眼神交流会让我们对周围发生的事情意识更少。引导宾语从句，表示“……的事情”应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：即使是看一幅看起来有眼神交流画，也会影响大脑中与思考自己和他人相关的区域。定语从句修饰先行词painting，

在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。【16题详解】考查比较级。句意：研究还表明，当有人看着自己时，人们更难集中注意力。结合句意“更难”可知应用形容词比较级harder作表语。故填ha

rder。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：这种形式的眼神交流会干扰我们的想象力，甚至我们的工作记忆。作介词的宾语，应用名词imagination，不可数。故填imagination。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当

的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。____18____(celebrate)DragonBoatFestival,anunderwaterdanceperformancetitledPraywasairedonHen

anTVlastSaturdaynight,thefirstdayoftheholiday.FeaturingthegoddessofLuoRiver—amysteriousbeautybestkno

wninthepoetryofCaoZhiduringtheThreeKingdomsperiod,thedancerHaohaoHe,____19____formersynchronizedswimmer(花样游泳),recreate

dtheeleganceofthisancientChinesegoddess.Theentiredance____20____(film)in26hours,accordingtotheshow’sdirectorJiyongGuo

.Netizens,amazedbytheperformance,commentedeveryframeofitlookslikeamural(壁画).Somesaiditspeakstorealculturalconfidence.【答案】18.Tocelebrate19.a20.wasfilm

ed【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了为了庆祝端午节，上周六晚，春节第一天，河南电视台播出了一场名为《祈福》的水下舞蹈表演。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝端午节，上周六晚，春节第一天，河南电视台

播出了一场名为《祈福》的水下舞蹈表演。分析句子结构可知celebrate在句中作目的状语，故用不定式，首字母大写。故填To的celebrate。【19题详解】考查冠词。句意：以三国曹植诗歌中最为著名的神秘美女洛河女神为主角，前花样游泳运动员何浩浩重现了这位中国古代女神的优雅。swimmer为可数名

词，此处为泛指，且former是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【20题详解】考查时态语态。句意：据该节目的导演郭继勇说，整个舞蹈拍摄了26个小时。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为dance，谓语用单数。故填

wasfilmed。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou’rel

ookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltr

ansportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikea

poweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesignsbutthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated.Basi

cally,astandardhoverboardcontains:•Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.•Gyros

cope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.•Motor(oneineachwhe

el):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.•Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspee

d,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.A

lltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboard?U

ndoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’rea,phenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whyde

nyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboar

dshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsareb

annedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplacesha

vealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrict

ions.21.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A.storeelectricityB.powerthewheelsC.sendinformationtotheridersD.receivedataandgivecommand

22.Accordingtothepassage,youcanseeahoverboard______.A.oncampusB.inparksC.onbikepathsD.inshoppingmalls23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.T

oevaluateagift’squality.B.Tosuggestagiftoption.C.Tocomparenewhoverboardmodels.D.Toexplainfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【

分析】这是一则推荐类广告。文章主要介绍了悬滑板（平衡车）的相关情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。由•Logicboard部分中的“Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisuni

tcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.”可知，它处理数据——你的速度、倾斜度等——并将信息发送给电动机。这个装置控制着滑板的力量，所以骑手们可以调整他们的速度。由此我们可以判断logicboar

d可以接收数据，并发出指令。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacadem

icinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.”可知，目前，一些地方禁止16岁以下的人使用这些

设备，学术机构和公共场所也禁止使用悬滑板（平衡车），比如校园建筑、公园、购物中心和地铁站。选项A校园，B公园，D购物中心都的被排除。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Ifyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildr

en,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?”可知，如果你想给你的孩子买礼物，为什么不紧跟潮流，买最好的悬滑板（平衡车）呢？由此可知，这篇文章是帮大家推荐一款给孩子的礼物。故选B。BW

henmyfatherdied,oneofthetasksthatfelltomewastosortthroughanddecidewhichobjectstosaveandwhichtothrowaway.NowIlookattheobjectsofmylifeasifIwered

ead,wondering,whatwillmychildrendowiththehumanskullthatsitsonthebookcase?They’vebeenwantingtothrowitoutforsomeyears

,butwilltheyknowhowmuchcanbelearnedfromlivingwithaskull?AndIknowtheywillthrowthewhiteplasticheadofahorseonmy

deskintoarubbishbagwithoutathought,neverknowingthatitistheonlypieceremainingfromthefirstchesssetIowned.Itismeatagetwelve.B

utthefinaldecisionsarelefttothosewhoknowusleast—ourchildren.Iwastheclosesttomyfatherandknewhimwell;however,

onlywhenIwasgoingthroughhisstudydidIlearnhehadcollectedpicturepostcardsofhotels.WhatwasItodowithalltheobj

ectsthathadbeenhim?Thesadpartofmewantedtoputeverythinginmycarandtakeithome.Therationalwon,however,andIfilledrubbishbagswitholdnewspapers,magazines,a

pologizingtohisspiritasIdid.Icouldnotthrowoutthethousandsofpictureshehadtakenonhistravels.Ibroughtthepictureshome,thoughIwillneverlookat

them.Ibroughttwelveboxesofmyfatherhome.Ilookattheobjectsthataremylifeandtheonlywaymychildrencansatis

fymeisbynottouchingathing.ButtheymustifIamtogoonwithmydeath.AndIwonderhowmanyboxesofmewillmychildrenkeep?Ilookattheseobject

sthataremeandknow,too,thattheyaresymbolsofhowaloneIandeachofusis,fornooneknowswhatanyobjectmeansexceptheorshewhoownsit.Eve

ryobjectofourlivesisamemory,andemotionsurroundsaroundit,hidingandprotectingatinytruthoftheheart.OnlyIhavethememories

ofwhenandhoweachonewasobtained;Ilookattheobjectsthatareme,andthememoriesarewarmandpermeated(弥漫)withlove.24.Whydoesthewriterkeepthepl

asticheadofahorse?A.Becausehisfathergaveittohimasagift.B.Becauseitmakeshimaverygoodchessplayer.C.Becauseitbringsbackmemoriesofhischi

ldhood.D.Becauseheaccepteditasaprizeforacompetition.25.Howdidthewriterdealwiththeremainingobjectsofhisfatherafterhedied?A.Hethreweveryt

hingaway.B.Hesavedsomeoftheworthlessobjects.C.Hetooksomeofthemtohisownhouse.D.Hesortedthemandputthemintogoodorder.26.Whatdoweknowaboutthe

writer?A.Heisverystrictwithhischildren.B.Hepreferstocollectdifferentskulls.C.Hereliesonhischildrentodealwithhispossessi

ons.D.Heknowsmoreabouthisfatherafterhisfatherdied.27.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theobjectswesave________.A.serveasthesymbolsofou

rsocialclassB.areremindersofpastexperiencesC.arequiteexpensiveandvaluableD.makeusproudofourselves【答案】24.C25.C26.C27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章是作者

在收拾去世的父亲的物品时的感悟。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AndIknowtheywillthrowthewhiteplasticheadofahorseonmydeskintoarubbishbagwithoutathought,neverk

nowingthatitistheonlypieceremainingfromthefirstchesssetIowned.Itismeatagetwelve.(我知道他们会不假思索地把我桌子上的白色塑料马头扔进垃圾袋，而他们不知道这

是我拥有的第一副国际象棋中唯一剩下的棋子。这是我十二岁的时候)”可知，作者保留塑料马头是因为它会让作者想起童年时的回忆，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Ibroughtthepictureshome,thoughIwillnever

lookatthem.Ibroughttwelveboxesofmyfatherhome.(我把照片带回家了，虽然我永远不会看它们。我带了十二盒爸爸的东西回家)”可知，作者把爸爸的一些东西带回了自己家，故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butthefinaldec

isionsarelefttothosewhoknowusleast—ourchildren.(但最终的决定权还是留给那些最不了解我们的人——我们的孩子)”和最后一段中“AndIwonderhowmanyboxesofmewillmychildrenkeep?(我想知道我

的孩子会保留多少个关于我的盒子呢？)”可知，作者依靠他的孩子们来处理他的物品，故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Everyobjectofourlivesisamemory,andemotionsurroundsaroundit,hidingandpro

tectingatinytruthoftheheart.OnlyIhavethememoriesofwhenandhoweachonewasobtained;Ilookattheobjectsthatareme,andthememoriesarewarmandpe

rmeated(弥漫)withlove.(我们生活中的每一件物品都是记忆，情感围绕着它，隐藏和保护着内心的一个微小真相。只有我记得它们是何时以及如何得到的；我看着这些物体，它们就是我，记忆是温暖的，充满了爱)”可知，我们保留下来的物品可以使我们想起过去的经历。故选B。CAbutt

erfly’swingscanhavemanyjobsbesideskeepingtheinsecthighupintheair.Theymaybeusedtoattractmates,ortowarmpotentialattackerstostayaway.Allof

theseroles,though,dependontheirunchangingcolouration.Thisplaysintotheideathatbutterflywingsaredeadtissue,likeabird’sfea

thers.Infact,that’snottrue.Forexample,insomespeciesmales’wingshavespecialcellsreleasingsomechemicalswhichattractfema

les.NanfangYu,aphysicistatColumbiaUniversity,inNewYork,hasbeenlookingintothematter.TogetherwithNaomiPierce,abutterflyspe

cialistatHarvardUniversity,hehasnowshown,inapaperpublishedinNatureCommunicationsinFebruary,2020,thatbutterflywingsare,indeed,

verymuchalive.Intheirexperiments,thetworesearchersusedalasertoheatupspotsonthewingsofdozensofbutterflyspecies.Whenthetemperatureoftheareaundert

helaserreached40℃orso,theinsectsrespondedwithinsecondsbydoingthingsthatstoppedtheirwingsheatingupfurther.Theseactionsincludedabutt

erflyturningaroundtominimizeitsprofiletothelaser,movingitswingsupanddownorsimplywalkingaway.Butterfliesengagedinalloftheseheat-minimizingactivitiese

venwhentheresearchersblindfoldedthem.Thatsuggestedtherelevantsensorswereonthewingsthemselves.Dr.YuandDr.Piercethe

reforesearchedthosewingsforlikelylookingsensorycells.Theyfoundsome,intheformofneurons(神经元)thatweresimilarto

heatdetectorsknownfromotherinsects.Theyalsouncovereddisc-shapedcellsthatappearedtobesimilartopressure-sensitiveneurons.Theyguessthat

thesearetheretodetectdeformationofthewing—informationaninsectcouldusetocontrolitsflightpattern.Thethirddiscoverytheymadetocontradictth

e“deadwing”ideawasthatsomebutterflywingshaveaheartbeat.Abutterfly’swingshaveveins(静脉).Thesecarryablood

likeliquidwhich,researchershavenowfoundinmales,showsapulseofseveraldozenbeatsperminute.Thesourceofth

ispulseappearstobethescentpad,adarkspotonthewingsthatproducesthefemale-attractingchemicals.Apparently,this“wingheart

”actsasapumpthathelpsbloodlikeliquidthroughthescentpad.Inalltheirexperimentssimulatingdifferentenvironmentalconditions,Dr.YuandDr.Piercecon

sistentlyfoundthat,differentpartsofthewingarecoveredbydifferentsortsofscales(鳞屑).Inparticular,tubespassthroughscal

esoverthescentpads.Thisimprovestheirabilitytospreadheatawayandhelpskeepthelivingpartsofabutterfly’swingalive.28.Abird’sfeather

sarementionedinParagraph1to________.A.introducethelatestresearchfindingsonabirdB.highlightthespecialfeatureofabird’sfeathersC.showcommonknowledge

aboutbutterflywingsD.stressthedifferencebetweenabutterflyandabird29.WhatcanwelearnfromDr.YuandDr.Pierce’sexperiments?A.Butterflywingsarecomp

licatedlivingorgans.B.Butterflywingshavelittlereactiontoexternalheat.C.Thescentpadsonsomemalebutterflywingsaretheirhearts.D.Heat-minim

izingactivitieshelpdetectdeformationofthewings.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SeeingIsB

elievingB.MoreThanMeetsTheEyeC.NothingSeek,NothingFindD.FineFeathersMakeFineBirds【答案】28.C29.A30.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了蝴蝶的翅膀除了能让其在空中飞得很高外，还有许多

功能，并文中详细介绍了这些功能，旨在告诉我们有些事情并不像看到的那样简单。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thisplaysintotheideathatbutterflywingsaredeadtissue,likeabird’sfe

athers.Infact,that’snottrue.Forexample,insomespeciesmales’wingshavespecialcellsreleasingsomechemicalswhichattractfemales.(这印证了蝴蝶翅膀是死

组织的观点，就像鸟的羽毛一样。事实上，这不是真的。例如，在一些物种中，雄性翅膀上有特殊的细胞，可以释放一些化学物质来吸引雌性)”可知，第一段提到鸟的羽毛是为了说明蝴蝶翅膀的常识。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inalltheirexperi

mentssimulatingdifferentenvironmentalconditions,Dr.YuandDr.Pierceconsistentlyfoundthat,differentpartsofthewingar

ecoveredbydifferentsortsofscales(鳞屑).Inparticular,tubespassthroughscalesoverthescentpads.Thisimprovestheirabilitytospreadheatawayandhelpskeeptheliv

ingpartsofabutterfly’swingalive.(在模拟不同环境条件的所有实验中，Yu博士和Pierce博士一致发现，翅膀的不同部位覆盖着不同种类的鳞片。特别是，管子穿过气味垫上的鳞片。这提高了它们传播热量

的能力，并有助于保持蝴蝶翅膀的活性部分的活力)”可知，从两人的实验中我们可以知道蝴蝶翅膀是复杂的活器官。故选A项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了蝴蝶的翅膀除了能让其在空中飞得很高外，还有许多功能，并文中

详细介绍了这些功能。由此可推知，本文主要的目的是告诉我们有些事情并不像看到的那样简单。A项意为“眼见为实”；B项意为“超出所见，事情并不像看到的那样简单”；C项意为“无所求，则无所获”；D项意为“人要衣装，佛要金装

”。故选B项。DWetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore”resilient(有恢复力的)”，butwhateverweredoing,it'snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddep

ressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryim

portantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpoten

tialallergens(过敏源)inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.Children’ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesyst

ems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotionswedeprive(剥夺)themofthechallengesa

ndopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleas

antbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejectionIt'snotthekidsfault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbeca

memuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothosera

reoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless,Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentime

andadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallr

isks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompetence,Depr

ivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterandLeifKennai

rwarned:“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskypla

y.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydi

sordersanddepressionthanthepreviousgenerationdid.Besides,thereisalsoariseintherateatwhichteenagegirlsareadmittedtohospitalfordeliberatelyharming

themselves.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Howcanweraisekidsstrongenoughtohandletheordinaryandextraordinaryc

hallengesoflife?Wecan’tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesui

cidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodrea

sonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencestheyneedtobecomestrong,wearesy

stematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo-andletthemgrow.31.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagr

aph2?A.TostressitsimportanceB.ToanalyzethecauseofanxietyC.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery.D.Tohelpunder

standanewword32.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause_______A.theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedB.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren'ssafetyC.pa

rent-monitoredactivitiesareamustD.childrenarenotindependentenough33.Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan_________A.developchil

dren'sleadershipskillsB.strengthenchildren'sfriendshipC.reducechildren'sriskybehaviorD.promotechildren'sresilience34.Whichofthefollowingdoes

theauthorprobablyagreewith?A.StoptryingtoperfectyourchildB.IttakesgreatcouragetoraisechildrenC.Preparethech

ildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.D.Whilewetrytoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,ourchildrenteachuswhatlifeisallabout.【答案】31.D

32.B33.D34.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是青少年焦虑症和抑郁症的比例正在迅速上升，是由于父母的过度保护，使得青少年缺少“适应力”，作者呼吁家长们懂得放手，让孩子们自己走。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第

二段的Theimmunesystemisoneofthem（免疫系统就是其中之一），此处说明免疫系统是前文提到的asmallbutveryimportantclassofsystems（很小但很重要的系统）之一，也就是用来帮助读者理

解“antifragile”这个新词，故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的weoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsan

dnegativeemotions（我们过度保护孩子，让他们远离不愉快的社会环境和负面情绪），由此可知，父母过分保护孩子，因为他们担心孩子的安全，故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的freeplayinwhichk

idsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompet

ence（孩子们在自由玩耍中制定自己的参与规则，承担小的风险，并学会掌握小的危险，这对成人社交能力甚至身体能力的发展是至关重要的）由此可知，自由玩耍可以增强儿童的适应力。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段的Weshouldletgo-andletthemgrow.（我们

应该放手，让他们成长。）可推知，作者可能同意的观点是让孩子为路做准备，而不是为孩子准备路。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Publicspeakingandcriticalthin

kingWhatiscriticalthinking?Toacertaindegree,it’samatteroflogic(逻辑)—ofbeingabletospotweaknessesinotherpeo

ple’sargumentandtoavoidtheminyourown,italsoincludesrelatedskillssuchasdistinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthesoundne

ssofevidence.Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking—theabilitytoseeclearlytheirlationshipsamon

gideas.___35___Thegreatestthinkers,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavai

lableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas.that,too,iscriticalthinking.___36___Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddea

loftimeorganizingyourspeeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanical(机械的)exercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithc

riticalthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechisloo

seandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodiscoveredandconfused.If,ontheotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisagoodcha

nceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotamatterofarrangingtheideasyouralreadyhave.___37___Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpubl

icspeaking.___38___Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillImproveyourabilitytothi

nkclearlyandaccurately.___39___Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,Youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations

.Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsascriticalthinkerinmanycircumstance

s.ThisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasavitalpartofeducationsincethedaysofancientGreece.A.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthems

elves.B.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.C.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchth

ingasaperfectspeech.D.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.E.Ifyouarewondering

whatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanu

mberofways.G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.【答案】35.D36.E37

.A38.F39.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了辩证思考。在某种程度上，辩证思考是一种逻辑思维，即我们能通过分析别人的论点来驳倒他。同时，辩证思考还需要一些相关技能，如从观点中分析事实，评估证据的真实性。【

35题详解】根据上文“Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking—theabilitytoseeclearlytheirlationshipsamongideas.(从广义上

说，批判性思维是集中的、有组织的思维——清楚地看到想法之间的关系的能力)”可知，批判性思维是一种能够清楚地看到想法之间的关系的能力。由此可知，D选项“Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherear

efewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.(人们常说，世界几乎没有新想法，只有重新组织的想法)”能够承接上文，同时引出下文“Thegreatestthinkers

,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducene

wideas.that,too,iscriticalthinking.(最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家常常把现成的信息以不同的方式组合在一起，从而产生新的想法。这也是批判性思维)”。其中的“reorganizedideas”与下文中的“takeninformati

onthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas”相对应。故选D项。【36题详解】空处位于段首，应是本段的主题句。根据下文“Astheclassgoeson,fo

rexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddealoftimeorganizingyourspeeches.(例如随着课程的进行，你可能会花很长的时间组织你的演讲)”可知，此处讲到了课与演讲。由此可知，E选项“Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastod

owithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.(如果你想知道这和你的公开演讲课有什么关系，答案是相当有关系)”符合语境。其中class是关键词，speaking对应speeches。故选E项

。【37题详解】根据上文“Organizingaspeechisnotjustamatterofarrangingyourideasyoualreadyhave.(组织演讲不仅仅是整理你已有的想法)”可知，空处与上文是转折关系，说明组织演讲的深层次意义。由此可知，A选项

“Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.(相反，它是塑造思想本身的一个重要部分)”符合语境，其中的“it”指代上文的“Organizingaspe

ech”。故选A项。【38题详解】根据上文“Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.(适合组织的很多方面也适合公众演讲)”可知，F选

项“Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.(你在演讲课上学到的技巧可以从很多

方面帮助你成为一个更有效的思考者)”能够承接上文，同时引出下文“Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillImproveyourabilitytothinkclear

lyandaccurately.(当你努力用清晰、准确的语言表达你的想法时，你会提高你清晰、准确地思考的能力)”。故选F。【39题详解】根据上文“Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwil

lImproveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.(当你努力用清晰、准确的语言表达你的想法时，你会提高你清晰、准确地思考的能力)”及下文“Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesin

class,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.(当你学会在课堂上批判性地听演讲时，你就能更好地评估演讲者在各种情况下的想法)”可知，G选项

“Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.

(当你研究证据和推理在演讲中的作用时，你就会看到它们如何在其他形式的交流中使用)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。第四部分：书面表达（共一节，12分）阅读表达（共4小题；第58、59小题各2分，第60小题3分；第61小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目

要求用英文回答问题。CollectingAsaHobbyCollectingmustbeoneofthemostvariedofhumanactivities,andit’sonethatmanypsychologistsfindfascinating.Somepeopleco

llectbecausetheywanttomakemoney.Thiscouldbecalledaninstrumentalreasonforcollecting.They’lllookfor,say,antiquesthattheycanbuychea

plyandexpecttosellataprofit.Buttheremaywellbeapsychologicalelement,too—buyingcheapandsellingdearcangivethecol

lectorasenseofachievement.Anothermotiveforcollectingisthedesiretofindsomethingspecial.Somemayspendthe

irwholelivesinahuntforthis.Psychologically,thiscangiveapurposetoalifethatotherwisefeelsaimless.Thereisadanger,though,thatiftheindividualiseve

rluckyenoughtofindwhatthey’relookingfor,ratherthancelebratingtheirsuccess,theymayfeelempty,nowthatthegoalthatdr

ovethemonhasgone.Ifyouthinkaboutcollectingpostagestamps,anotherpotentialreasonisitseducationalvalue.S

tampcollectingopensawindowtoothercountries,andtotheplants,animals,orfamouspeopleshownontheirstamps.Inthepa

st,andnowadays,too,apopularformofcollecting,wastrainspotting.Thismightinvolvetryingtoseeeverylocomotive(火车头)ofaparticulartype,usi

ngpublisheddatathatidentifyeachone,andtickingoffeachengineasitisseen.Asaby-product,manytrainspottersbecomeveryknowledgeableaboutrailwayopera

tions,orthetechnicalspecificationsofdifferentenginetypes.Notallcollectorsareinterestedinlearningfromtheirhobbies

.Somepeoplecollectbecauseoftheneedforasenseofcontrol.Stampcollectors,forinstance,arrangetheirstampsinalbumsveryneatlyaccordingt

otheirpreferredprinciples.Allhobbiesgivepleasure,butthecommonfactorincollectingisusuallypassion.Collectingcanbetotallyappealing,andcangiveastrongs

enseofpersonalachievement.Tonon-collectorsitmayappearastrangewayofspendingtime,butpotentially,collectinghasalotgoingforit.40.Whatistheinstrume

ntalreasonforcollecting?41.Whatisthedangerofhuntingforsomethingspecialasalifepurpose?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingst

atement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.➢Collectorsgainmaterialandpsychologicalbenefitsfromcollecting,butnon-collectorsmaynotsee

itsvalue,sotheyarenotadvisedtohaveatry.43.Ifyouareacollector,whatdoyoucollect?Andwhy?(Inabout40words)【答案】40.Tomakemoney.41.Afterfi

ndingwhattheyhuntfor,peoplemayfeelemptyandaimlessratherthancelebratetheirsuccess.42.Collectorsgainmaterialandpsychologicalbenefit

sfromcollecting,butnon-collectorsmaynotseeitsvalue,sotheyarenotadvisedtohaveatry.Accordingtothepassa

ge,tonon-collectors,collectingasahobbymayseemlikeastrangewayofspendingtime,butpotentially,collectinghasmanypos

itivequalities.Socollectingisworthtryingfornon-collectors.43.(1)Icollectfridgemagnetsbecausetheyarem

yfavouritesouvenirs.WheneverIseethem,Icanrecallthememorabletimespentduringthetrips.Moreover,fridgemagnetsenable

metolearnmoreaboutthetypicallandmarksandculturalelementsoftheplacesIhavevisited.(2)IcollectcarmodelsbecauseIlovecarsandreceivecarmodelsasgiftson

everyspecialoccasion,whichserveasareminderofmycarefreechildhoodandthecherishedlovefrommybelovedones.Eachcarmodelcarriesadist

incttouchingstoryandpleasantmomentduringmygrowth.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了收藏是一种爱好，并说明了收藏的不同原因。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Somepeoplecollectbecausethey

wanttomakemoney.Thiscouldbecalledaninstrumentalreasonforcollecting.”（有些人收藏是因为他们想赚钱。这可以被称为收藏的工具性原因。）可知，收藏的工具性原因

是他们想赚钱。故答案为Tomakemoney.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Thereisadanger,though,thatiftheindividualiseverluckyenoughtofindwhatthey’re

lookingfor,ratherthancelebratingtheirsuccess,theymayfeelempty,nowthatthegoalthatdrovethemonhasgone.”（然而，有一种危险，那就是，如果一个人幸

运地找到了他们想要东西，那么他们可能会感到空虚，而不是庆祝他们的成功，因为驱使他们前进的目标已经消失了。）可知，将猎取特殊东西作为人生目标的危险是，在找到所追求的东西后，人们可能会感到空虚和漫无目的，而不是庆祝他们的成功。故答案为Afterfindingwhattheyhuntfor,peop

lemayfeelemptyandaimlessratherthancelebratetheirsuccess.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Tonon-collectorsitmayappearastrangewayofsp

endingtime,butpotentially,collectinghasalotgoingforit.”（对于非收藏者来说，这似乎是一种奇怪的消磨时间的方式，但潜在的是，收藏有很多好处。）可知，对于非收藏

者来说，把收藏作为一种爱好似乎是一种奇怪的消磨时间的方式，但潜在的是，收藏有许多积极的品质。因此，对于非收藏者来说，收藏是值得尝试的，所以所给句子中sotheyarenotadvisedtohaveatry是错误的，需要划线。故答案为Collectorsgai

nmaterialandpsychologicalbenefitsfromcollecting,butnon-collectorsmaynotseeitsvalue,sotheyarenotadvisedtohaveatry.A

ccordingtothepassage,tonon-collectors,collectingasahobbymayseemlikeastrangewayofspendingtime,butpote

ntially,collectinghasmanypositivequalities.Socollectingisworthtryingfornon-collectors.【43题详解】开放性题目。如果我是收藏家，我收藏冰箱磁铁

，因为它们是我最喜欢的纪念品。每当我看到他们，我都能回忆起旅行中度过的难忘时光。此外，冰箱磁铁使我能够更多地了解我访问过的地方的典型地标和文化元素。故答案为Icollectfridgemagnetsbecausetheyaremyfavouritesouvenirs.Whe

neverIseethem,Icanrecallthememorabletimespentduringthetrips.Moreover,fridgemagnetsenablemetolearnmoreaboutthetypicallandmarksand

culturalelementsoftheplacesIhavevisited.的