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一轮组合训练(四十)一、阅读理解A篇Theideaofbillionsofpeoplegoingthroughafewmasksaweekduringthispandemicdefinitelyringsalarmbel

ls,butateamofresearchersinMelbournemayhavethesolution.They'vediscoveredthataddingmillionsofdiscardedfacemaskstoroad­

paving(铺路)mixtureswouldactuallylowerthecostoftheroad,whilepreventingbillionsofthemfromlandfills.Justonekilometerofroadwouldneedthreemill

ionmasks,andthepolypropylene(聚丙烯)plasticusedtomakesingle­usesurgicalfacemasksalsoincreasedtheflexibilityanddurabi

lityoftheroad.Thenewmaterialisamixtureofabout2%tornmasksandrecycledconcreteaggregate(RCA)—amaterialobtainedfromwas

teconcreteandothermineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.Thisrecycledmaterialwasfoundinthestudytobeidealfortwoofthefourlayersgenerallyrequired

tocreateroadways.Pavingakilometeroftwo­wayroadwiththeRCAandthreemillionfacemaskswouldresultinachangeof93tonsofwastefromlandfills.Thefinalproduct

thenismoreresistanttowearthanasphalt(沥青),aswellasbeingcheapertoo,providedtherewasamethodforcollectingmasks.Theresearchteamdidac

ost­analysisandfoundthat,at$26perton,theRCAwasabouthalfthecostofminingrawmaterials,andasmuchasathirdofthecostofshippingtheusedmasks

toalandfill.Thewidespreadapplicationwouldbeidealforlargeinfrastructure(基础设施)projects.Forexample,Washingtonhasthe11thworstroadsinter

msofunaddressedrepairsintheUS.IfthedamagedroadsinWashingtonstatewererepairedwiththeRCA/maskmixture,itwouldreusenearly10billionmasks,sp

aringAmericanlandfillshundredsofmillionsoftonsoftrash.It'ssaidthattheteamislookingforprivateindustrypartnersorgovernmentswillingtogivetheirpl

asticmaskroadanopportunityforalarge­scaletest.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”meaninParagraph2?A．Recycled.B．Produced.C．Abandoned.D．Mixe

d.2．Whatisthenewmaterialusedtopaveroadsmadeof?A．Asphaltandtonsoftrash.B．Polypropyleneplasticandbuildingmater

ials.C．Wasteconcreteandmineralsfromdestroyedbuildings.D．Tornmasksandrecycledconcreteaggregate.3．Whyarethedatame

ntionedinParagraph4?A．Toprovethisnewmaterialiscost­effectiveinpavingroads.B．Tostressthenecessityofgettingrawmaterials.C．Toexplainrepairin

groadscostsalotofmoney.D．Topraisethehardworktheteamhasdone.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Wa

shingtonstateistheleastdevelopedregionintheUS.B．MoreAmericanlandfillswillshutdowninthefuture.C．ThedamagedroadsinWashingtonhavebeenrepairedwiththeR

CA.D．Itremainstobetestedwhetherthenewmaterialispractical.B篇Pinocchiomaybejustachildren'sstory,butSpanishscientist

sattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso­called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygeta

littlebitsmaller.DrGómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermography(热成像法)totellifpeoplewerelying,andfound

thatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureofthetipoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃，whilethetemperatureofthei

rforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Theyalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittobecomeslig

htlysmaller,althoughthedifferencecouldnotbeseenbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureofthe

forehead，”DrGómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”For

thisstudy,researchersasked60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhilebeingscannedbythermalcameras.Oneoftheseta

sksinvolvedmakinga3­to­4­minutecalltotheirparents,partnersorfriendsandtellinganimportantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringth

ecall,andthethermalcameraspickedupthis“oppositePinocchioeffect”causedbythechangesintemperatureinthenoseandf

orehead.Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentoftheparticipants,whichisabetter

rateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetectorusedbythepolice.“Withthismethodwehaveincreasedaccuracyandreducethechancesof‘falsepositives(错误判断)’，some

thingthatisfrequentwithothermethods，”saidDrGómezMilán,whoaddedthatpolicecouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththeirtechnologytoachie

vebetterresults.5．Whydidthetemperatureoftheparticipants'foreheadsgoupduringthetest?A．Theywerescared.B．Theyfeltashamed.D．Theygotembarras

sed.D．Theyhadtothinkhard.6．Whatphenomenondoesthe“oppositePinocchioeffect”referto?A．Ourforeheadgetsbiggerwhenwetellali

e.B．Ournosebecomessmallerwhenwetellalie.C．Thetemperatureinthenosegetshigherwhenwetellalie.D．Thetemperatureinthenos

eremainsthesamewhenwetellalie.7．Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A．Researchersgotthefindingsbyinterviewing.B．Thether

malliedetectorhasbeenwidelyused.C．Thethermalliedetectormayassistthepolice.D．Researchersdesigneddifferentliesforparticipants.8．Whichmightbethebe

sttitleforthetext?A．WillLieDetectorsTelltheTruth?B．WillLyingMakeYourNoseLonger?C．WillThermalTechnologyBeReliabl

e?D．WillLyingMakeYourTemperatureRise?C篇OverlookingtheDavis­GantVarsitySoccerField,abedofoverturnedsoilwaitsforfurth

erdevelopment.Inafewyears,thisareawillbecomeanaturalhabitatandaplaygroundforanimalsandresidents.Thispeacefulareadidn'tappearn

aturally,butthroughplanningandactiontakenbyCatlinGabel'sTinyForestprojectlaunchedbyteacherPatrickWalsh.Foreststypicallytakeh

undredsofyearstomature,withfourstagesofgrowth.“Tinyforestsflattenouttimethroughtheplantingofallfourlayers(层)，”Walshexplained.Theendresultisafast­grow

ing,nativeforestinabout20years.Over600plantsfrom43specieswillbeplantedinthetinyforest,thefirstoneinOregon.Walshwasinspi

redtobuildatinyforestafterhearingaboutthisidea,whichemergedinJapanandhastakenholdinNorthAmerica.Hesharedhisvisionwithseniorsinhisclass.Thes

eniorsresearchedtinyforestsandmadeaproposalresultinginCleanWaterServicesdonating60treesand$5，000fromtheNationalO

ceanicandAtmosphericAdministration.Armedwiththeseresources,Walshandthestudentsstartedworking.“SomethingIdidn'treallyexpe

ctwastheoutpouringofstudents'enthusiasm.Seeingstudentsfromallgradesvolunteeredtocontributetothe‘dirtywork’

reallyblewmeaway，”Walshsaid.SeniorMeganCoverhasbeenattheschoolsincethefirstgrade.“I'llgraduateafterwork

ingonthisproject,whichissurelysad,butit'sreallyrewardingandgreattobeapartofthisprojectandtodomybit.We'recreatingthiseducationalspaceformanyyoung

kids，”Coversaid.Walshsummeduphisgoaloftheproject,whichistobuildaplacewherestudentscanenjoyandlearnaboutnature.“Thefo

restwillobviouslynotsolveclimatechange,butitwoulddeservetheeffortsifthekidsthinkaboutclimatechangeandremembertheimportanceofrefo

restationandtreeswhentheylookoutsideattheforest.”9．Whatisspecialabouttinyforests?A．TheyoriginatedinNorthAm

erica.B．Theyareusuallyplantedinschools.C．Theycontainvarioustypesoftrees.D．Theybecomematureinashortertime.1

0．WhatsurprisedWalshintheprocessofplantingthetinyforest?A．Theabundanceofnativetreespecies.B.Publicconcernabouttheen

vironment.C．Theactiveparticipationofstudents.D．Supportfromlocalorganizations.11．HowdoesMeganCoverfeelabouttheproject?A．Proud.B．H

opeful.C．Excited.D．Grateful.12．WhatdoesWalshwanttheforesttofunctionasforthestudents?A．Asourceofenjoyment.

B．Areminder.C．Asourceofinspiration.D．Awitness.[答题区]题号123456789101112答案二、阅读七选五Threefactorsinfluencewhetherpeoplewilltakeyouradvice.First,

advicewhichisobtainedfromprofessionalsisgivenmoreweight.Second,peoplearealsomorelikelytoacceptadvicewhenthepersongivingtheadv

iceismoreexperiencedandknowledgeablethanthepersondoingtheasking.__1__Peoplewhoarefeelingmoreconfidentintheirdecisionstendtorelyona

dvicelessoften.Howdoyouincreaseyourpossibilitiesofsomeonetakingyouradvice?__2__Whileyouareintendedtobehelpful,unsolicited(未经要求的)a

dviceislesslikelytobeused.Thisproblemcanbesolvedbyasking,“Wouldyoulikemyopiniononthis？”Ifthepersonsaysno,itcouldbethatthepersonfeelsthatt

heyhavecollectedallthedatatheyneedinordertomakeadecision.Ifyouhavespecifictraininginanarea,whetherthatisadegree,cert

ification,orday­longseminar,statethattotheperson.__3__Therearethewordswesay,andthenthemessagebehindthosewords.__4

__Bygivingadvicetothisperson,areyoutryingtoimprovetheirqualityoflife?Areyouhelpingthemgetapromotion?Makesurethatyourgoalmeetsthepers

on'sneeds.Ifyou'vehadaroughdayandyoufeelthatyoujustaren'tintherightmindsettogiveadequateadvice,letthepersonknow.__5__Usuallythepersonwillapp

reciateitandthatincreasesyourcredibility.A．Andtheydon'tnecessarilymatch.B．Duringyourconversation,askthemiftheyhaveanyfurtherq

uestions.C．Thepersonneedsinformationonchoosingacompanythatyouknowwell.D．Third,whethersomeonetakesyouradvic

edependsonhowtheyarefeeling.E．Whileyoumayfeelashamedtotalk,youarestatingwhyyouradvicehasgoodpoints.F．Ifsome

oneisnottakingyouradvice,askyourselfiftheyaskforyouradviceinthefirstplace.G．Tellthemyouwanttomakesureyouareo

npointandcangivethemthebestadvicepossible.[答题区]1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________三、语法填空In1957,Alfr

edFieldingandMarcChavannescreatedsomethingthatwouldchangetheshippingindustryforgoodandmakee­commercestores

likeAmazonpossible:BubbleWrap.Ithasbeenusedbycompaniesforpackingeversince.1．________(actual),thetrappedlittleairbub

bles2.________(invent)bychance.Atfirst,theyweretryingtocreate3.________typeofwallpaper.Theywerenaturallyletdownwith

theresults,4.________theydidn'tgiveup.Theythoughtofmorethan4005.________(difference)usesfortheirsoft,air­filledmaterial,suchasforuseingree

nhousewalls.Butnonebroughtthemmuchsuccess.Then,in1960,IBMsawhowusefulBubbleWrapcouldbein6.________(protect)itsnew,veryexpensive7.________(compute

r)duringshipping.Adealwasmade.Bythemid­1960s,FieldingandChavannes'spackingmaterial8.________(become)importantinshipping.Todayitprotectsm

illionsofpackagesayear9.________damage.Thispackingmaterialisstillimportantin10.________(us)dailylives,andt

herearenosignsthatwillchangeanytimesoon.[答题区]1．____________2.____________3.____________4.____________5._______

_____6．____________7.____________8.____________9.____________10.____________